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Biomedical subjects

S Bishara

Publications and source records attributed to S Bishara.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Palatally displaced upper lateral incisors: relapse after orthodontic treatment and its correlation with dentoskeletal morphology.

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the relapse tendency of the palatally positioned upper lateral incisor differs in patients treated with or without premolar extraction, and if there is any correlation between the amount of upper lateral incisor relapse and pretreatment dentoskeletal morphology or post-treatment changes. Forty-six patients with bilateral palatally displaced upper laterals who also exhibit maxillary dental constriction were separated into two groups: a premolar extraction (30 cases) group and a non-extraction (16 cases) group. All subjects had undergone orthodontic treatment with quad helix and edgewise appliances, followed by a 2-year retention period. Differences in the amount of the upper lateral incisor relapse and their correlations with the dentoskeletal morphology before and after treatment were determined on the lateral and postero-anterior cephalograms and dental casts. Results revealed that the upper lateral incisor relapse in the extraction group was significantly greater (p=0.0002) than the relapse in the non-extraction group. There was a positive correlation between incisor relapse and the distance of lateral incisor movement in both groups (r=0.539; p=0.030). Relapse in the non-extraction group was correlated with the widths of the upper dental arch (r</=-0.507, p</=0.044), with the naso-maxillary variables before treatment (r=-0.514, p=0.041), and also with changes in the upper inter-premolar and inter-molar widths during retention (r=0.514, p=0.040).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Prognostic factors for supratentorial low grade astrocytomas in adults.

The principal prognostic factors and effect on survival were retrospectively evaluated in 56 adult patients with supratentorial low grade astrocytomas treated between 1967 and 1993. Fifteen factors were evaluated with uni- and multivariate analysis to investigate their importance in predicting the length of survival. The median patient age at presentation was 42 years and the median survival was 5.0 years. The following characteristics were associated with improved patient survival by univariate analysis (p < 0.01): Age group, preoperative Karnofsky scale, and extent of surgery. Age group and Karnofsky scale were significant by multivariate analysis, but not the extent of surgery. Thus the usefulness of cytoreductive surgery in the management remains unclear, but the extent of surgery is determined by the characteristics of the tumor and the potential of the patient. Since 93% of our patients received postoperative radiotherapy, the effect of adjuvant irradiation could not be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Dentofacial changes in Norwegian and Iowan populations between 6 and 18 years of age.

The purpose of this study was to compare the dentofacial changes in Norwegian and Iowan populations between 6 and 18 years of age. Comparisons of the absolute and incremental changes were made both longitudinally and cross-sectionally. The Norwegian sample consisted of 39 females and 35 males, the Iowa sample consisted of 15 females and 20 males, for whom complete sets of data were available for the period of the study. All subjects had a clinically acceptable occlusion and had not undergone previous orthodontic treatment. Descriptive statistics summarized the changes in 29 parameters. Longitudinal comparison of the growth curves evaluated the curve profiles and curve magnitudes for the two populations for both males and females. The analysis of variance was also used to compare the absolute and incremental changes at ages 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 years. The study resulted in the following findings: 1. The longitudinal growth profile comparisons of the various dentofacial parameters indicated that the growth trends of the Norwegian and Iowa groups were essentially similar. 2. The comparisons of the growth profiles of the males and females from the two populations also indicated that there were no significant differences between the shape of their growth curves. 3. The comparisons of the curve magnitude, as well as the results of the cross-sectional comparisons, indicated that Norwegians had significantly greater maxillary and mandibular protrusion, and larger proclination of the upper and lower incisors than the Iowans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Course of insight disorder and emotional dysfunction following closed head injury: a controlled cross-sectional follow-up study.

Closed-head injury (CHI) patients at either 6 months (n = 24), 1 year (n = 19), or 2 to 3 years (n = 23) postinjury, were compared with a group of orthopedic control (OC) patients (n = 27). CHI patients assessed at 6 months postinjury experienced a Post-Traumatic Insight Disorder, in which they underreported the severity of their behavioural impairments. CHI patients in the 1 year and 2 to 3 year follow-up groups evidenced both greater insight about their level of behavioural impairment, and higher levels of emotional dysfunction. These findings suggested that the return of insight is associated with increased risk for emotional dysfunction. Implications of these findings for assessment and treatment of closed-head injury patients are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Use of infant and child corneas for grafting.

Six corneal transplants, for which donor material was taken from infants or children, were grafted in adults with different types of corneal pathology. Acceptable mean keratometric readings of 45.8 diopters were obtained 6 months after surgery, very similar to those of grafted corneas taken from adults. After 3 years of follow-up, we found complications similar to those of corneas taken from adult donors. No technical problems were encountered while using infants' or children's donor material. We suggest that this type of donor be considered for corneal transplantation in countries where sufficient adult corneas are not available.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Early intraocular pressure response following laser trabeculoplasty.

The early response in the intraocular pressure following laser trabeculoplasty was investigated in 38 patients. An increase in pressure was found in 16 patients (42%), of whom eight had a moderate (less than 9 mmHg) and eight a severe (greater than 10 mmHg) increase. The maximum increase was recorded during the first post-laser hour in 13 patients (34.2%) and at 4 h in three patients postoperatively. A routine follow-up observation at 4 h after laser treatment is recommended to prevent 'silent' hypertensive risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Pulfrich's phenomenon and drusen of optic nerve head.

The comportment of placing a swinging pendulum (Pulfrich's phenomenon) in front of three cases of optic nerve head drusen has shown that reduced conductivity is a fact in the optic nerve harboring the drusen, giving oval circular movement. A suggestion is made to use this simple test in patients with this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Combined vitamin A and E therapy prevents retinal electrophysiological deterioration in abetalipoproteinaemia.

Eight patients with abetalipoproteinaemia had the typical ocular, systemic, and laboratory findings of this disease. Combined therapy with vitamins A and E was administered, starting as early as the first day of life and as late as 26 years of age. The patients were followed up for 2-6 years. Electroretinography was undertaken in all cases and electrooculography in some. After initiation of vitamin A and E therapy no progression of disturbed visual function could be detected in any patient. These objective tests of retinal function demonstrated that the combined vitamin A and E therapy may be useful in arresting retinal deterioration in abetalipoproteinaemia.

Abetalipoproteinemia↗
PubMed1982

Prevalence of trachoma among children in East Jerusalem in 1980.

In a ophthalmic survey conducted in East Jerusalem during 1980 comprising 8896 nursery and primary school children aged 3 to 12 years not a single case of active trachoma could be detected. A similar study carried out in 1968, encompassing the same geographical area, revealed a prevalence of 6.4% among the school children and of 12.5% among the nursery school infants, while a subsequent survey performed in 1971, including the same population age group, showed a sharp decrease in the incidence of trachoma to a level as low as l%. This gradual and continuous decline in the prevalence of the disease towards its end point of apparent eradication was preceded by a marked improvement in the socioeconomic status and personal and public hygiene of the general population.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Pressure-potential alopecia areata.

In order to create awareness of a potential adverse effect of extraoral orthodontic appliances, we report the development of alopecia areata in two patients. Both patients experienced the onset of alopecia areata directly under sites of pressure from thier "headgear." In one patient the hair loss began 2 weeks after she began using her appliance. The other girl noticed patchy alopecia 2 to 3 weeks following an increase in the pressure and duration of use of an extraoral appliance. One of the patients also developed other areas of alopecia areata in sites unrelated to pressure. In both cases relief of the pressure was accompanied by regrowth of hair in about 5 months. One of the patients received corticosteroid injections into the patches of alopecia areata; the other had no medical therapy. We conclude that alopecia areata can be made manifest by local pressure, such as that from orthodontic appliances.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visual evoked response as an aid in diagnosing optic nerve head drusen: case report.

In an 11-year-old girl suffering from decreased vision in he right eye, drusen of the optic nerve head were revealed by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography in this eye. The fellow eye had good vision and looked normal ophthalmoscopically. An abnormal VER led to further investigation, and asymptomatic buried drusen of the optic nerve head were confirmed by fluorescein angiography.

Child↗