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S Blasius

Publications and source records attributed to S Blasius.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Wet autoclave pretreatment for immunohistochemical demonstration of oestrogen receptors in routinely processed breast carcinoma tissue.

The immunohistochemical demonstration of oestrogen receptor (OR) was performed on 32 randomly selected and routinely processed breast carcinomas after wet autoclave pretreatment of sections. The autoclave method was compared to the OR status found on frozen sections as well as to alternative pretreatment methods such as enzymatic predigestion and microwave irradiation. Using four different monoclonal antibody clones (H222, LH1, CC4-5, 1D5.26), the OR status was evaluated for each of the various pretreatment methods applied. All cases with a high OR content on frozen sections (n = 11) also showed a high OR status on wet autoclave-pretreated paraffin tissues using antibody clones 1D5.26 and CC4-5; in cases with low OR content on frozen sections, no false-negative cases were recorded using only the antibody 1D5.26 neither after wet autoclave nor microwave pretreatment. In addition, with this antibody, OR was detectable after autoclave pretreatment in two cases which were considered to be OR-negative even on frozen sections. When the primary antibody was omitted, no false-positive cases were observed after wet autoclave pretreatment. Thus, in our hands, wet autoclave pretreatment, in combination with the antibody 1D5.26, offers a highly sensitive method for the immunohistochemical demonstration of OR in routinely formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of breast carcinomas.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

[Tumorous space-occupying lesions of the pelvic skeleton. A radiological analysis of 234 cases].

PURPOSE: From the material of a bone tumour record file, an attempt was made to determine criteria enabling radiographic prediction of malignancy and tumour entity of lesions of the pelvis. METHODS: Patients' age, location and radiographic morphology of 234 space-occupying lesions of the pelvis were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: 62.8% of all lesions were malignant, and the portion of malignant tumours increased with increasing age. While 68.0% of the lesions were found in the ilium, 18.8% in the pubis and 13.2% in ischium, the proportion of benign and malignant lesions did not vary in the different bones. Lesions showing a growth rate according to Lodwick grade IA and to IB were benign in 100% and in 82.0%, respectively. In contrast, tumours of grade II or III were malignant in 89.1% and 88.0% of cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: By the construction of subgroups by combining the patients' age and growth rate, the prediction of the malignant potential of a lesion increased significantly. The younger the patient, the more aggressively a benign lesion may grow, while the older the patient the slower a malignant tumour may grow. Prediction of the tumour entity is rarely possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Rapid detection of loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 17p by polymerase chain reaction-based variable number of tandem repeat analysis and detection of single-strand conformation polymorphism of intragenic p53 polymorphisms.

Intragenic restriction site polymorphisms in amino acid residue 72 in exon 4 and a Mspl polymorphism in intron 6 of the p53 tumour suppressor gene can both serve as polymorphic markers. Probe YNZ22 (D17S5) is a highly polymorphic, variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) marker which maps to chromosome 17p13.1 where the p53 gene is located. Locus specific amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and subsequent non-isotopic single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the PCR fragments was used for the detection of loss heterozygosity (LOH) of 17p including the p53 gene locus. In combination with a PCR-based method for the analysis of the VNTR locus D17S5 using unique sequences flanking the polymorphic region of YNZ22 we investigated tumour DNA and corresponding constitutional DNA from 69 patients, including 39 patients with gastric cancer, 21 patients with osteosarcomas and 9 patients with Ewing's sarcomas. Using all three methods, 49/69 (71%) patients were informative for LOH, which revealed allelic loss in 5/39 (12.8%) gastric cancers, 1/9 (11.1%) Ewing's sarcoma, and 4/20 (20%) osteosarcomas.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Diagnostic value of the molecular genetic detection of the t(11;22) translocation in Ewing's tumours.

One consistent feature of the Ewing's tumour family is the presence of a balanced translocation involving band q12 and band q24 of chromosome 22 and chromosome 11. Recent cloning of the chromosome breakpoint regions of t(11;22)(q24;q12) Ewing's sarcoma translocation has revealed that the breakpoints were localized within the Ewing's sarcoma gene (EWS gene) on chromosome 22 and the Fli-1 gene on chromosome 11. Molecular genetic techniques can thus be applied to the detection of the t(11;22) translocation in Ewing's tumours. By reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction technique (RT-PCR) 11 Ewing's tumour derived cell lines, 12 primary Ewing's tumours, and 11 tumours after treatment were analysed for the occurence of the t(11;22) translocation. Furthermore, blood and bone marrow samples from 5 patients were available for RT-PCR. In 78% of the cell lines and 91% of the primary Ewing's tumours the t(11;22) translocation was detectable by RT-PCR. In bone marrow samples from a Ewing's sarcoma patient presenting in relapse tumour cells were detected by molecular genetic analysis. Our results indicate that molecular genetic detection of the t(11;22) translocation is valuable in the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumours and will provide important information for the staging and prognosis of Ewing's tumour.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Intravascular lymphomatosis of the CNS: clinicopathologic study and search for expression of oncoproteins and Epstein-Barr virus.

Five cases of intravascular lymphomatosis (IVL) are reported. Diffuse or focal cerebral signs suggestive of vascular disease occurred in four cases, but case 5 presented with symptoms similar to Creutzfeld-Jakob disease. Clinical course ranged from two to eight months and diagnosis was made in all cases by autopsy. Neoplastic lymphoid cells mainly lodged in lumina of small vessels in many organs, but infarction was confined to the CNS. Some extravascular tumor cells were regularly seen. All cases corresponded to high-grade Non-Hodgkin lymphomas of B-cell type and displayed high proliferation indices. Different from findings in primary cerebral and nodal lymphomas, neither p53 nor bcl-2 oncoproteins were detectable. Absence of EBV genome and EBV latent membrane protein from IVL was demonstrated for the first time.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with osteosarcomatous differentiation.

A case of a thyroid tumour with the cytological and histological pattern of anaplastic carcinoma with extensive osteosarcomatous differentiation in a 54-year-old Kaukasian woman is presented. Immunohistochemical examination revealed keratin-vimentin co-expression in anaplastic tumour areas. According to the WHO classification of thyroid tumours the present tumour has to be classified as an anaplastic carcinoma. A retrospective survey revealed only twenty-four comparable cases in the literature. The present tumour most likely represents an example of a neoplastic epithelial-mesenchymal metaplasia. The possible mechanisms of the occurrence of thyroid tumours with mixed epithelial-mesenchymal differentiation are briefly discussed.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Significance of intravascular ultrasound in arteriosclerotic calcified intima plaques: in vitro comparison of 20 and 12.5 MHz transducers].

The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the diagnostic performance of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in vessel wall calcifications and to compare the accuracy of mechanical 12.5 and 20 MHz transducers. Fourty-three sections of 10 vessels with signs of arteriosclerotic disease on pathologic examination were examined. Slices 500 microns thick were obtained and examined radiographically at 9 fold magnification. In each section, identical segments were defined, amounting to a total of 344 segments. The IVUS sections were analyzed by 3 experienced readers. For statistical evaluation ROC analysis was performed using magnification radiography as a reference. An area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79 was obtained for the 12.5 transducer and of 0.83 for the 20 MHz transducer. Additionally, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were determined. Sensitivity depended on the morphology, size, and density of the calcified lesions. We therefore conclude that the sensitivity of intravascular ultrasound concerning calcified arteriosclerotic plaques is limited and that there is no significant (p < 0.01) difference between mechanical 20 and 12.5 MHz transducers in examining iliac arteries.

Angiography↗
PubMed1994

In vitro correlation of intravascular ultrasound and direct magnification radiography for calcified arterial lesions.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is an adjunct to contrast angiography that gives additional information concerning the morphology of the vascular wall. The authors examined the accuracy of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in the evaluation of calcified lesions within the abdominal aorta and the iliac artery. METHODS: Forty-nine human specimens (iliac artery, 26; abdominal aorta, 23) were examined using a 20-MHz 6.0-F ultrasound catheter, followed by magnification radiography of the same specimens using a newly developed microfocus x-ray tube. Magnification radiographs and ultrasound images were divided into identical sectors to analyze the morphology of calcified arteriosclerotic lesions. RESULTS: A total of 644 sectors was analyzed. Sensitivity of intravascular sonography was 70%, specificity 53%. Sensitivity strongly depended on the morphology of the calcified lesions. CONCLUSION: The detection of calcified arteriosclerotic lesions by means of IVUS revealed a sensitivity of 70% in an in vitro study using human specimens. However, the specificity of IVUS was only 53%, which is basically a random chance occurrence.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of EWS-/FLI-1 gene fusion transcripts by RT-PCR as a tool in the diagnosis of tumors of the Ewing sarcoma group].

Recent cloning of the chromosome breakpoint regions of the reciprocal chromosomal t(11;22) (q24;q12) has revealed that the breakpoints were localized within the EWS gene (Ewings sarcoma gene) on chromosome 22 and the FLI-1 gene on chromosome 11. Thus, molecular genetic techniques were applicable for the detection of this genetic aberration, which occurs as a consistent feature of the Ewings tumor family. By reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction technique (RT-PCR) in 78% of Ewings sarcoma derived cell lines, and in 91% of primary Ewings tumor tissue t(11;22) specific EWS/FLI-1 fusion transcripts were detected. Furthermore, in bone marrow samples from an Ewings sarcoma patient contaminating tumor cells could be shown by RT-PCR. Our results indicate that molecular genetic detection of the t(11;22) translocation opens a new modality for the differential diagnosis and the staging of Ewings tumor patients.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[Transthoracic punch biopsy of mediastinal tumors].

48 consecutive patients underwent biopsy of anterior mediastinal tumors under sonographic guidance by the use of cutting needles up to 2.0 mm in diameter. The results of needle biopsies were compared with the final diagnoses, which was proved with pathologic studies or clinicoradiologic follow-up. In 39 (93%) of 42 malignant tumors malignancy could be readily diagnosed. Examinations of the microcylinders of tissue resulted in correct histologic diagnoses in 32 (76%) of 42 malignant tumors including 13 (81%) of 16 Hodgkin's lymphomas, 6 (66%) of 9 non-Hodgkin lymphomas, 2 (66%) of 3 thymomas and 9 (82%) of 11 carcinomas. All 6 benign lesions were correctly identified. No complications such as hemorrhage or pneumothorax were encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical localization of PDGF B, PDGF beta receptors and IGF I receptors during atherogenesis.

Growth factors and their receptors may be involved in initiation and progression of atherosclerotic intima changes. In this study, sections of human arteries in different stages of atherosclerosis were investigated for cellular expression of PDGF B, PDGF beta receptors and IGF I receptors. The applied immunohistochemical approach detected IGF I receptor synthesis in endothelial cells of atherosclerotic vessels. A possible role in atherogenesis may be seen in the control of IGF I transfer into subendothelial tissues. PDGF B chain production was observed in endothelial cells and macrophages in all stages of lesion development. The corresponding receptor for PDGF B (PDGF beta receptor) was expressed by transformed smooth muscle cells within the thickened intima from the stage of macrophage infiltration onwards. These results support the thesis that locally produced PDGF acts as a mitogen on smooth muscle cells and may promote proliferation during atherogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Plasminogen activators and their inhibitor in osteosarcomas and other bone tumors.

The concentrations of the plasminogen activators u-PA and t-PA as well as the inhibitor PAI-1 were studied immunohistochemically in 35 osteosarcoma specimens compared to 15 Ewing's sarcomas and various other bone lesions. The immunoreactivities of plasminogen activators in osteosarcoma specimens were significantly higher than PAI-1. Biochemically in cell cultures and immunohistochemically in the pathological specimens of the osteosarcomas u-PA was the dominant antigen, all factors showing a generally strong reactivity. Here a relation to the malignancy and invasivity of the tumors could be seen, which was comparable to the results in other tumors. This correlation, however, could not be detected in Ewing's sarcomas. On the whole low immunoreactivity of all enzymes, and of u-PA in particular, could be seen. In comparison in some benign lesions (fibrous dysplasias, aneurysmal bone cysts) the immunohistochemical reactions were distinctly stronger. Dominant antigens did not exist in Ewing's sarcomas. In all mesenchymal tumors studied the immunohistochemical localisation and concentration of the antigens showed a definite correlation with their histological differentiation. Chondroblastic differentiations in different tumors (chondrosarcomas, enchondromas, chondroblastic osteosarcomas) or chondroid parts were always negative for both activators and the inhibitor, especially in their central parts. Here, the biological malignancy was not decisive for the result.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic implication of immunodetection of P glycoprotein in Ewing's sarcoma.

Increased expression of P glycoprotein is associated with multidrug resistance in many cell lines. P glycoprotein has been detected in different human tumors. To assess the implication of multidrug resistance in the prognosis of Ewing's sarcoma the expression of P glycoprotein was studied immunohistochemically in pre- and post-therapeutic tumor tissues of 21 cases treated according to the CESS 81 or 86 protocol. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated histologically. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded and fresh frozen sections were immunostained with a monoclonal antibody to P glycoprotein, clone JSB 1, using the double APAAP method. P glycoprotein was detected in 12 cases of 21 (57%) in either pre- or postchemotherapy tumor tissues. From the 21 cases 8 revealed a good morphological response to chemotherapy (33%); 10 of the 13 non-responders were positive for P glycoprotein (77%), but only 2 of the 8 responders (25%). The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Comparing P glycoprotein expression with the clinical outcome, we found that 7 of 12 positive cases had died (58%). From the negative cases only 3 of 9 had died (33%). However, judged by the Kaplan Meyer life tables, these data were not significant. In conclusion our results suggest that the immunodetection of P glycoprotein indicates a poor response to chemotherapy and probably a bad clinical outcome for Ewing's sarcoma patients.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1992

Osteofibrous dysplasia of long bones--a reactive process to adamantinomatous tissue.

The most controversial aspect of osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) is its possible histogenetic relationship to adamantinoma of long bone. Evidence is recently beginning to accumulate that OFD may be a reactive process to regressive adamantinoma. To verify the concept, 13 lesions of OFD were studied again by immunohistochemistry for cytokeratins of different molecular masses, as well as by conventional stainings. In addition, 2 adamantinomas and 6 fibrous dysplasias of the tibia were studied for reference. A small number of spindle- or ovoid-shaped cells scattered individually in the fibro-osseous stroma showed positive reactions for cytokeratins of 55-57 kDa in 2 lesions, and for those of 45-56.5 kDa in 8 lesions of 13 OFDs, although no definite epithelial island could be detected even by immunohistochemistry. Adamantinomas also showed single cytokeratin-positive cells dispersed in fibroblastic stroma, in addition to epithelial islands positive for cytokeratins of both 55-57 kDa and 45-56.5 kDa. All cases of fibrous dysplasia were negative for cytokeratins. During the observation, no case of OFDs progressed to classic adamantinoma. The present study, demonstrating the existence of an intermediate stage between "differentiated adamantinoma" and total elimination of adamantinomatous components, gives further support for the concept that OFD is a secondary reactive process to adamantinomatous tissue. In practice, the existence of single scattered cytokeratin-immunoreactive cells in otherwise typical OFDs may not indicate the truly malignant behaviour of classic adamantinoma, unless discrete epithelioid cell nests are also found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

(Sub)periosteal Ewing's sarcoma of bone.

Ewing's sarcoma is a small malignant round-cell tumour that arises from mesenchymal cells, predominantly in the medullary cavity of bone. In exceptional cases it originates in the soft tissues and subsequently invades the underlying bone. A (sub) periosteal origin of Ewing's sarcoma is a very rare condition: only a few cases have been published so far. Three cases of (sub)periosteal Ewing's sarcoma, having received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy as well as wide excision, are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Chondroblastoma of bone. A clinical, radiological, light and immunohistochemical study.

The clinical and morphological findings of 53 chondroblastomas in the files of the Bone Tumour Registry of Westphalia are presented. The mean age of all patients was 19.2 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. Forty-two of the tumours (79.8%) were located in the long tubular bones and short tubular bones of the hands and were closely related to the growth plate. Six cases (11.3%) were found in the flat bones, 4 cases (7.5%) in the tarsal bones and 1 case (1.9%) in the craniofacial bones. The characteristic radiological feature of 44 investigated lesions was a mostly eccentric radiolucency with a geographic pattern of bone destruction and matrix calcifications. Periosteal reaction was evident in 9% of the cases. Most tumours demonstrate the typical morphological features of chondroblastoma, but 3 cases resembled a giant cell tumour. In 2 cases a haemangiopericytoma-like growth pattern was observed. Nine of the tumours had an aneurysmal bone cyst-like component. Vascular invasion was seen in 1 case. Immunohistochemically most cells in 30 of the cases and fetal chondroblasts in 3 cases were strongly positive with vimentin and S-100 protein. Collagen type II was positive in the chondroid matrix of the tumours and in fetal cartilage tissue; collagen type VI was present focally around individual tumour cells and was always seen in the chondroid matrix of the lesions and in fetal cartilage. These findings support the cartilaginous nature of these tumours. In paraffin sections, 46.6% of the cases revealed a distinct positive reaction of some tumour cells with the monoclonal cytokeratin antibody KL1 (molecular weight 55-57 kDa). Only 4 of them demonstrated a coexpression with the other monoclonal cytokeratin antibody CK (clone MNF 116, molecular weight 45-56.5 kDa). In paraffin sections all fetal chondroblasts were negative with both cytokeratin antibodies. Frozen sections of 3 tumours showed a strong positive reaction with both cytokeratin antibodies in many chondroblasts, indicating an "aberrant" cytokeratin expression. Osteoclast-like giant cells stained positive with leucocyte-common antigen (LCA) and with the macrophage-associated antibody KP1, but were negative with the other macrophage-associated antibody MAC 387. Recurrence rate was 10.7%. The clinical course of all tumours was benign.

Adolescent↗