Biomedical subjects

S Braha

Publications and source records attributed to S Braha.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

Radiocontrast-associated renal dysfunction: incidence and risk factors.

Contrast-induced nephropathy is a potentially serious untoward reaction to radiologic contrast media. The incidence of this nephropathy and the predisposing conditions are not well established, possibly because of methodologic differences between studies. We evaluated the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy after femoral arteriography in 394 patients by using multiple definitions (different increases in serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen levels at various times). When an increase in the level of serum creatinine of greater than 0.3 mg/dl and greater than 20% on day 1, 2, or 3 and on day 5, 6, or 7 was used to define the disorder, the incidence in our group of patients was 10% for nonazotemic patients vs 30% for azotemic patients (p less than .001); 2% for nondiabetic, nonazotemic patients vs 16% for diabetic, nonazotemic patients (p = .003); and 38% for patients who were both diabetic and azotemic vs 16% for diabetic, nonazotemic patients (p = .022). Baseline renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus (especially when insulin dependent) were significant predisposing factors. The effects of dehydration and increased volume of contrast medium on the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy were not clear; the age and sex of the patient were not important risk factors. The incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy depends on the definition used. Although contrast-induced nephropathy may develop in any patient, diabetes, renal insufficiency, and, possibly, dehydration and dose of contrast medium are risk factors.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1991

Radiocontrast-associated renal dysfunction: a comparison of lower-osmolality and conventional high-osmolality contrast media.

Nephropathy is an established untoward event associated with intravascular administration of conventional high-osmolality contrast media (HOM). It has not been shown previously that lower-osmolality contrast media (LOM) are less nephrotoxic in a clinical setting. We evaluate the ability to replace HOM with LOM (in lower-extremity angiography) to reduce the incidence of nephropathy. We use multiple definitions for contrast-induced nephropathy (six different magnitudes of rise of serum levels of creatinine or blood urea nitrogen in various periods). The incidences of nephrotoxic effects with LOM vs HOM in patients with presumed risk factors, including preexisting renal insufficiency and diabetes, are evaluated also. When all patients are considered, the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy for LOM vs HOM (defined as an increase in serum creatinine level greater than 0.3 mg/dl and greater than 20% on day 1, 2, or 3 and on day 5, 6, or 7, is 7% vs 26% (p = .001). When only patients with preangiography azotemia are considered, the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy for LOM vs HOM is 10% vs 41% (p = .017); for diabetic patients, regardless of preangiography creatinine level, the incidence is 10% vs 31% (p = .012). Although contrast-induced nephropathy may develop even in a patient with no risk factors who receives LOM, LOM is associated with a decreased incidence of this condition, to various degrees, depending on the presence of risk factors.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Antimicrobial activities of organic zinc compounds].

Taking into account the competitive action of zinc towards other ion essential for pathogenic germs metabolism, the complex erythromycin-zinc, zinc salts of sulfamethoxydiazine, sulfanilamide, sulfacetimide, sulfathiazole as well as the Mannich basis of sulfamethoxydiazine were synthetized. The antimicrobial action towards gram-positive, gram-negative pathogens and fungi was tested by the classic diffusiometric method. An increased antimicrobial action for the Mannich basis of sulfamethoxydiazine and for the zinc salt of sulfamethoxydiazine, alone or in association with metronidazole--chemotherapeutic agent used in the infections with anaerobic organisms was found. A significant antimicrobial action was also found for the complex erythromycin-zinc and zinc salts of sulfacetimide and sulfathiazole.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The physicochemical characterization and therapeutic evaluation of Cicatrol].

Cicatrol ointment with the formula: argentic sulphamethoxydiasine 1 g, bentonite hydrogel 12.5% for 100 g is manufactured at the Microproduction Laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Iaşi. The one-year physicochemical determinations of the aspect, colour, homogeneity, pH, rheological behaviour and relative viscosity, content in argentic sulphamethoxydiasine as well as "in vitro" antimicrobial activity of Cicatrol showed a good stability and gel properties enabling an uniform and long-term contact with the wound. The clinical investigations carried out until now in patients with burns, varicose ulcers, trophic shank ulcers, superficial phlebitis with atonic ulcerations or wounds with multiple sites revealed its remarkable therapeutic value. As compared to other similar products, Cicatrol by its aseptic properties favours the scarring of any type of wound, a normal skin, without keloid scars being obtained, it also being well tolerated.

Burns↗

PubMedDate not supplied