PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Brandenburg

Publications and source records attributed to S Brandenburg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Secondary individual prevention and rehabilitation in female hairdressers suffering from skin diseases].

The risk of contracting occupational skin diseases is highest in hairdressers. A job-specific secondary prevention programme was created to enable hairdressers to stay on the job despite their skin problems. The effect of this prevention programme on both, the severity of skin disorders and the hairdressers' behaviour regarding skin protection are evaluated in this paper. Between 1997 and 2002 a total of 2437 hairdressers participated in the programme. Complete data for the evaluation are available for 635 hairdressers (26 %). This selection is partly due to the fact that the evaluation is restricted to certain regions in Germany. The percentage of hairdressers with severe skin symptoms dropped from 49 % at the start of the rehabilitation programme to 11 % after completion of the programme. The proportion of hairdressers using gloves and applying skin care doubled. Therefore the rehabilitation programme appears to be successful regarding the ability of hairdressers to cope with skin problems.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

National survey of internal medicine residency programs of their 1st-year experience with the electronic residency application service and national resident match program changes.

BACKGROUND: The residency recruitment and selection process is a critical one for residency programs and medical students. In 1999, internal medicine programs conducted the residency match on the Web for the first time using the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS). PURPOSE: The authors wished to study the impact of this change on house staff recruitment and quality of match. METHOD: A Web-based survey with e-mail, paper, and fax reminders was sent to all 407 internal medicine residency programs after the 1999 match. RESULTS: Eighty-six percent of reporting programs found the screening of applicants easier. The overall number of applicants varied greatly (48% of programs reported more applicants; 32% reported fewer). The quality of final match was rated the same as previous years by 47%, better by 38%, and worse by 15%. CONCLUSIONS: The transition to ERAS was successful in internal medicine. However, there are several areas that were identified that will improve the ERAS process as it evolves.

Data Collection↗
PubMed2000

Search for isovector giant monopole resonances via the Pb(3He,tp) reaction

The (nat)Pb(3He,tp) reaction at E(3He) = 177 MeV was studied to identify 2Planck's over 2piomega isovector monopole strength in Bi isotopes. Monopole strength was found in the region -45<Q<-30 MeV in the coincidence data. The cross section is compared with distorted-wave Born approximation calculations for non-spin-flip and spin-flip isovector monopole resonances. The observed spin-flip and non-spin-flip monopole strengths in the proton-decay channel amount to 20% of the respective non-energy-weighted sum rule.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Loss of imprinting of a paternally expressed transcript, with antisense orientation to KVLQT1, occurs frequently in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and is independent of insulin-like growth factor II imprinting.

Genomic imprinting plays a fundamental role in cancer and some hereditary diseases, including Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), a disorder of prenatal overgrowth and predisposition to embryonal malignancies such as Wilms tumor. We have previously shown that the KVLQT1 gene on chromosomal band 11p15 is imprinted, with expression of the maternal allele, and that the maternal allele is disrupted in rare BWS patients with balanced germ-line chromosomal rearrangements. We now show that an antisense orientation transcript within KVLQT1, termed LIT1 (long QT intronic transcript 1) is expressed normally from the paternal allele, from which KVLQT1 transcription is silent, and that in the majority of patients with BWS, LIT1 is abnormally expressed from both the paternal and maternal alleles. Eight of sixteen informative BWS patients (50%) showed biallelic expression, i.e., loss of imprinting (LOI) of LIT1. Similarly, 21 of 36 (58%) BWS patients showed loss of maternal allele-specific methylation of a CpG island upstream of LIT1. Surprisingly, LOI of LIT1 was not linked to LOI of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2), which was found in 2 of 10 (20%) BWS patients, even though LOI of IGF2 occurs frequently in Wilms and other tumors, and in some patients with BWS. Thus, LOI of LIT1 is the most common genetic alteration in BWS. We propose that 11p15 harbors two imprinted gene domains-a more centromeric domain including KVLQT1 and p57(KIP2), alterations in which are more common in BWS, and a more telomeric domain including IGF2, alterations in which are more common in cancer.

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

Two novel genes in the center of the 11p15 imprinted domain escape genomic imprinting.

We previously reported the isolation of a 2.5 Mb tumor-suppressing subchromosomal transferable fragment (STF) from human chromosome 11p15 and the identification of nine known genes and four novel genes within this STF. We now report the isolation of two novel cDNAs, designated here as TSSC4 and TSSC6 (tumor-suppressing STF cDNA 4 and 6), located within the STF. TSSC4 and TSSC6 encode predicted proteins of 329 and 290 amino acids, respectively, with no close similarity to previously reported proteins. TSSC4 and TSSC6 are both located in the center of a 1 Mb imprinted domain, which contains the imprinted genes TSSC3, TSSC5, p57(KIP2), KVLQT1, ASCL2, IGF2 and H19. However, we found that neither TSSC4 nor TSSC6 was significantly imprinted in any of the fetal or extra-embryonic tissues examined. Based on this result, the imprinted gene domain of 11p15 appears to contain at least two imprinted subdomains, between which TSSC4 and TSSC6 substantially escape imprinting, due either to lack of initial silencing or to an early developmental relaxation of imprinting.

Alleles↗
PubMed1998

Somatic mutation of TSSC5, a novel imprinted gene from human chromosome 11p15.5.

We previously reported the isolation of a 2.5 Mb tumor-suppressing subchromosomal transferable fragment (STF) from 11p15.5 and the identification of nine known genes and four novel genes within this STF. We now report the isolation of a fifth novel cDNA, tumor-suppressing STF cDNA 5, designated TSSC5, located within the STF. TSSC5 encodes a predicted protein of 424 amino acids. Sequence analysis suggests that TSSC5 is a membrane protein with 10 transmembrane segments, and it is located between two imprinted genes, p57KIP2 and TSSC3. Northern blot hybridization revealed a 1.6-kb transcript in multiple adult tissues and in fetal liver and kidney, consistent with a potential role in embryonal tumors. We also found that TSSC5 is imprinted with preferential expression from the maternal chromosome. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis of TSSC5 revealed frequent occurrence of aberrant RNA splicing, which deleted exons 4, 5, and 6 in Wilms' tumors. Mutational analysis of TSSC5 by direct DNA sequencing of exons revealed a base substitution of G1120A in a Wilms' tumor, matched normal kidney, and the patient's mother, changed Arg at codon 309 to Gln. The G1120A substitution thus represents either a rare polymorphism or a tumor-predisposing mutation, because the mutant allele was of maternal origin and preferentially expressed in the patient's tissue. A second base substitution, C892T, was found in a lung cancer, changing Ser at codon 233 to Phe. This substitution was absent from the matched normal tissue and thus represented a somatic mutation. We also found loss of heterozygosity in the lung cancer, suggesting that TSSC5 may be a conventional tumor suppressor gene in the adult human lung and an imprinted tumor suppressor gene in the fetal kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Tc-99m HMPAO diffuse pulmonary uptake demonstrated in cigarette smokers.

Tc-99m HMPAO, a lipophilic radiotracer used as a brain SPECT imaging agent in the diagnosis of strokes and dementias, is normally localized in the brain and the heart and is excreted through the kidneys (50%) and the hepatobiliary system (14% to 30%). There is no pulmonary localization except in the lungs of smokers. To evaluate pulmonary localization of Tc-99m HMPAO in relation to smoking, 23 patients (aged 27 to 76 years) who were referred for brain imaging studies for strokes or dementias also underwent lung imaging studies immediately following the brain imaging. Anterior and/or posterior lung images were obtained 30 to 45 minutes after IV injection of 15 mCi Tc-99m HMPAO. Diffuse pulmonary uptake was graded semiquantitatively: 3+, pulmonary uptake is equal to or higher than hepatic uptake; 2+, pulmonary uptake is less than hepatic uptake but higher than cardiac uptake; 1+, pulmonary uptake is equal to cardiac uptake; 0, pulmonary uptake is less than cardiac uptake. Each patient's smoking history, including duration and daily consumption, was recorded. Four patients' lung images showed 3+ lung uptake; 6 patients, 2+; 1 patient, 1+; and 12 patients, 0 uptake. Eleven patients with lung uptakes of 3+ to 1+ had a history of cigarette smoking. Twelve patients with lung uptake less than cardiac uptake had no smoking history. Pulmonary distribution of Tc-99m HMPAO is usually negligible in the normal lung. Our results indicate that lung uptake correlates significantly (chi-square = 23, d.f. = 1, P = 0.0001) with smoking history.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of pulmonary mass defect by iodine-123 N,N,N'trimethyl-N'[2-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-iodobenzyl]-1,3-propanediamine lung imaging.

A patient whose huge lung mass was demonstrated as a large defect on I-123 N,N,N'trimethyl-N'[2-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-iodobenzyl]-1,3-propanediamine (HIPDM) lung imaging is presented. I-123 HIPDM, a lipophilic agent, is designed for early detection of abnormal cerebral perfusion. Since up to 50% of the administered agent is accumulated and perhaps metabolized in the lung, the radiopharmaceutical may be potentially useful for detection of pathology of the lung in addition to evaluation of pulmonary amine metabolism.

Aged↗