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Biomedical subjects

S Brion

Publications and source records attributed to S Brion.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Imipramine and neuro-psychiatry. Retrospective study of 557 out-patients treated in a neuro-psychiatric unit (author's transl)].

A retrospective study of 557 outpatients who had been treated with imipramine has been undertaken in a neuro-psychiatric unit. The usual dose was 75 mg per day, most often associated with other psychotropic drugs. The main indication was a depressive state for 75 p. c. of the patients: in that case the efficacy reached 65 p. c. The achievement of such results with moderate doses might indicate a possible relationship between the optimal dosage of the antidepressive drug and the intensity of the mood disorder. 12.5 p. c. of the patients were treated for a post-contusional syndrome. The best results have been obtained with early treatment when patients didn't have any loss of consciousness at the time of their contusion. The other successful indications of imipramine were phobic and hypocondriacal neurotic symptoms and functional headaches which were resistant to the usual treatments, raising the problem of a possible masked depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Long-term tolerance of viloxazine].

21 depressed patients have been treated by viloxazine (Vivalan) during 15 to 53 months. They, all, underwent their first complete biological health examination after, at least, 8 months of treatment. Amongst there patients, 18 have had two controls under treatment, each being separated by a period longer than one year. The 3 others have had only health examination but after 18,33 and 48 months of treatment. The results of these studies lead us to two main conclusions: On one hand, they have confirmed the lack of chronic biological as electrical toxicity of viloxazine, no significant change having been noticed. On the other hand, in much long periods of prescription, only two cases of progressive decrease in efficacy have been observed. The first, of mild severity, was controlled with an increase in daily dosage of 100 mg. The second occurred after more than 43 months of treatment. It is relevant to insist on the fact that this decrease in efficacy occurred in two depressed women, whose hysterical personality may have been a predisposition for this kind of phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Pathological laughing and posterior fossa tumours (author's transl)].

Posterior fossa tumours give rise, sometimes, to psychiatric disturbances, which are difficult to diagnose, when they are isolated without any neurological signs. This was the case in our report of a 32-year-old man who had a pathological laugh, unique symptom, during 4 months, of a trigeminal neurinoma. Spasmodic laughs related to posterior fossa tumours are infrequently reported in the literature. They always are the sign of a pseudo-bulbar syndrome, due to a bilateral lesion of the cortico-bulbar tracts. Other involuntary laughs are encountered in third ventricle's lesions, in frontal lobe lesions and in epilepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Thyroïd cyst, parathyroïd adenoma and lithium therapy (author's transl)].

A forty years old woman had euthyroidïd functions three years ago, with normal scintiscanning. Under treatment with Lithium, she developed a clinical and biological hypothyroidïdism. A "cold" nodule was fund on the scintiscanning. Hypercalcemia and hypophosphoremia were fortuitously discovered prior to operation. A single parathyroididïd adenoma was excised from the left inferior gland. Incidence of Lithium in the appraisal of the thyroïd cyst and the parathyroïd adenoma is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

A new case of Pick's disease. Anatomical and ultrastructural studies.

The fine structure of a cortical frontal biopsy of Pick's disease is described. Pic bodies appear made of unbranched 120 A neurofilaments, sometimes clustered in geometrical pattern. Post-mortem examination, performed 8 years later, reveals typical lesions. The characteristics of Pick bodies are discussed.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1980

[Edemas and myocloni concerning a patient with Parkinson's disease treated by amantadine (author's transl)].

The administration of diuretics to a 64 year old patient with Parkinsonian disease treated by amantadine, orphenadrine and Modopart and presenting an oedemia of the legs, induced the apparition of myoclonic jerks similar to those observed in a bismuth intoxication. The myoclonic jerks remained after the diuretics were stopped and only disappeared with the suppression of amantadine. It is supposed that diuretics increased the intoxication by amantadine, probably by means of an increase of the reabsorption of basic drugs. Myoclonius may be caused by the central anticholinergic properties of amantadine.

Amantadine↗
PubMed1980

[Association of Pick's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Pathological study of one case and review of the literature (author's transl)].

An anatomoclinical case of Pick's Dementia secondarily complicated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (A.L.S.) has been compared with twelve similar cases from the litterature. These comparisons drive to three hypotheses:--coincidence of two distinct diseases;--extension to motor cortex of the Pick's atrophy;--atypical onset of ALS outside of motor cortex, secondarily reaching the motor area. Against the last hypothesis, one could argue that, in "Pick's disease + ALS", there is no superficial spongiosis such as seen generally in ALS + Dementia in frontal or temporal cortex, or in ALS simplex in motor cortex. Also, there are marked focal lesions, i.e. in uncus hippocampi, similar to that of Pick's disease. However, if the second hypothesis seem to be the best one, there are actually no definite evidence for it.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1978

[Lesion of the lateral dorsal thalamic nucleus and alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome].

The authors report a clinico-pathological study dealing with the limbic nuclei of the thalamus in 11 cases of Korsakoff syndrome of alcoholic aetiology. There is no parallelism between the involvement of the latero-dorsal nucleus (L.D.), the medio-dorsal nucleus, the pulvinar and the importance of the retrograde amnesia. The mamillary bodies are always affected. The latero-dorsal nucleus was modified in 9 cases out of 11, the medio-dorsal in 7 cases and the pulvinar in 6 cases. In contrast, the anterior nucleus is normal. The frequency of the involvement of the L.D. is an argument to relate this nucleus with the limbic system. But the lesion of this nucleus is inconstant whereas that of the mamillary bodies is always observed.

Alcohol Amnestic Disorder↗
PubMed1978

[Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A clinical and pathological study of three cases in a family with eight affected members in three generations (author's transl)].

We report here a family with three pathologically confirmed cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in three siblings and with transmission of one case to the squirrel monkey. This family, originating from the South-East of England, settled in France in 1870. Eight members of the family, distributed in three generations, were affected by the disease at the same age (about 50), with similar symptoms and length of evolution. Two cases were confirmed at post-mortem and one case by cerebral biopsy. The genealogic inquiry dealth with 46 members of 5 generations. All the affected members, six men and two women, belonged to the three older generations which were comprised of 15 individuals. All had lived in close relationship in a limited area of the north of Ardennas. The possible mechanisms of dominant inheritance or cross infection are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Connections of latero-dorsal nucleus of the thalamus. II. Experimental study in Papio papio.

Modifications of the latero-dorsal (L.D.) nucleus of the thalamus have been observed earlier in man in relation to limbic lesion of various etiologies. Our proposal was to determine the role of L.D. in memory disturbances. We attempted to study the connections of L.D. in Papio papio baboon after surgical lesion using silver impregnations as well as traditional techniques. We found three afferent pathways: from the fornix, the posterior cingulate and the parietal cortex (area 7). The most important is the afferent system from the fornix, it terminates in the antero-dorso-medial part of L.D.; the other two afferent pathways have a postero-lateral projection in L.D. The three efferent systems to parietal cortex, cingulate and fornix were not delineated in this study. It was concluded that the antero-dorso-medial portion of L.D. is connected to the limbic system and the ventro-postero-lateral portion integrated into a large parieto-cingulo-parahippocampal circuit to which it is joined by direct and indirect projections with several relays. These connections have important implications, perhaps, in our understanding of memory disturbances.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1977

["Heat stroke" and/or "Malin's syndrome" in a patient treated with fluphenazine decanoate].

The role of the "heat stroke" is discussed on account of an observation of hyperthermia (42 degrees C or 107.6 Farenheit) that occured with a patient under fluphenazine decanoate, during the summer 1976 heat wave. Contrary to the American descriptions of heat strokes, the patient kept his perspiring ability. Moreover, there was no hypertonic extrapyramidal syndrome, but hypotonia instead. It is to be noted that the preliminary treatment by the corresponding standard neuroleptic (fluphenazine chlorhydrate) did not prevent that hyperthermia whose evolution was rapidly favorable.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Alcohol-psychotropic drug interactions].

The problem of ethanol interactions with psychotropic drugs involves various factors whose complex action is examined in this article. Great care should be taken with regard to the alcohol consumption among patients treated with sedatives; the depressive action of ethanol on the central nervous system could be potentiated especially at the beginning of the treatment, as it seems that a certain habituation to the interactions may exist. However, one should be aware that the personality of the patient is perhaps more important to take into account that the consumption of drugs, at least as regards to the factors of risk in traffic accidents. Parallel to the interactions involving the receptors of the central nervous system, metabolic interactions are possible, however more difficult to describe: they affect drugs absorption, their hepatic metabolism and seem to act especially in chronic alcoholism or during barbiturates consumption.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1976

[Mechanism of action of lithium in manic-depressive psychoses: current research results].

The mechanism of action lithium in the treatment of manic-depressive illness is far from being known. A great progress will be achieved when it is known wherther lithium has an actual anti-depressive action, which implies to determine whether all the "endogenous" depressive states belong to the same pathogenic group. Lithium salts have a real therapeutic action on manic states which may be put together with the decrease of available Norepinephrine that lithium salts bring about on cerebral receptors. This decrease concords with the aminergic theory of affective disorders. Many actions of lithium salts on the physiologic systems have been brought to evidence but the uncertainties that remain concerning their interactions prevent us to formulate any coherent assumption.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

[Chemotherapy of melancholia by sequential neuroleptic-viloxazine association].

Viloxazine administered as a unique antidepressant may in some cases cause an aggravation of anxiety and agitation or manic states. In order to control this effect, we thought of administering neuroleptics and anxiolytics: 1) Before Viloxazine for a few days. 2) Then during antidepressant treatment. The results were as follow: 1) Quick and efficient upon melancholic states in manic -- depressive psychoses. 2) Irregular and questionable upon other depressions.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1975

[External temporal biopsy in a case of infiltrating limbic glioma: study of astrocytic membranous wrapping whorls (author's transl)].

An intracranial hypertension was found at autopsy to be due to a limbic infiltrating glioma. A cortical temporal biopsy had been done 14 months before, whose ultrastructural results are reported. Membranous whorls, made of two dense membranes with a variable separative space are seen around neurones, dendrites, axons, synapses and oligoglial cells; they derived from astrocytes and are joined by 2 types of cell junctions: gap-junctions and puncta adherentia. Relations between reactive and tumoral gliosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Connections between the nucleus lateralis dorsalis of the thalamus and the limbic system in man. Study of 12 anatomo-clinical cases of vascular origin].

Lateralis dorsalis nucleus of thalamus belong to the limbic system of Papez more by its trigonal than cingular afferent pathways. Its parietal efferent pathways are probable, its cingular and trigonal ones possible but not proved. Neuropathologic studies provide informations to separate a latero-ventral part connected with parietal cortex and a mediodorsal part connected with limbic system.

Aged↗