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Biomedical subjects

S Bro

Publications and source records attributed to S Bro.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Intake of essential and toxic trace elements in a random sample of Danish men as determined by the duplicate portion sampling technique.

Average daily intakes of essential and toxic trace elements from self-selected diets consumed by 100 men, selected as a random sample among the population of 30-34 year-old men in one urban and two rural areas of Denmark, were determined by the analysis of 48 h duplicate food portions. Median daily dietary intakes were 11.3 mg for zinc, 1.1 mg for copper, 11.3 mg for iron, 51 micrograms for selenium, 3.9 mg for manganese, 99 micrograms for molybdenum, 7 micrograms for lead and 11 micrograms for cadmium. Median dietary intake of mercury was below the detection limit. The observed nitrogen, sodium and potassium intakes were about 25% lower than the average total daily excretion of these constituents. It is therefore assumed that dietary intakes of nutrients during the duplicate portion sampling period were reduced by about 25% and that the observed intakes of trace elements can be regarded as minimum estimates of habitual intake. Taking this into consideration, it is concluded that the content of essential trace elements in Danish diets seems to be adequate and the amounts of the elements lead, mercury and cadmium are of little concern as regards health aspects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Zinc in mononuclear leucocytes in alcoholics with liver cirrhosis or chronic pancreatitis and in patients with Crohn's disease before and after zinc supplementation.

Mononuclear leucocyte zinc was determined together with serum zinc, albumin and serum alkaline phosphatase activity before and after zinc supplementation (2 x 50 mg of zinc-gluconate daily during 3 months) in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (n = 10), alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (n = 10) and Crohn's disease (n = 10). Initial mononuclear leucocyte zinc concentrations did not differ between the patient groups and the reference group (n = 10), whereas initial serum zinc values were lower in the patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and Crohn's disease. This difference disappeared, however, when serum zinc concentrations were corrected for albumin levels, which were lower in all the patient groups. Higher initial activity of serum alkaline phosphatase was found in the alcoholic patients. In all the patient groups serum zinc concentrations increased significantly after zinc supplementation. Only in patients with Crohn's disease was there also an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase and albumin. Mononuclear leucocyte zinc did not respond to zinc supplementation in any of the patient groups. The results of our study indicate that mononuclear leucocyte zinc is not a sensitive indicator of marginal zinc deficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Serum zinc and copper concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Relation to course and outcome of pregnancy.

Abnormal serum zinc and copper concentrations in pregnant women have been associated with a number of maternal and foetal complications during pregnancy and delivery. However, the results of previous studies are contradictory and few large scale studies have been reported. In this study we measured serum zinc and copper concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood from 500 Danish mothers at delivery, looking for an association between serum zinc and copper levels and various maternal and foetal complications. Preterm infants (n = 30) had significantly lower serum copper concentrations than reference infants (n = 346) (p = 0.01), whereas there was no difference in serum zinc concentrations. Mothers of preterm infants (n = 34) did not differ in serum zinc or copper concentrations from reference mothers (n = 220). Small for date infants (n = 37) and mothers of small for date infants (n = 47) had higher serum copper levels than reference infants and mothers (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively), whereas there was no difference in serum zinc concentrations. Serum zinc and copper concentrations in malformed infants (n = 14) and their mothers (n = 17) did not differ from concentrations in reference infants and mothers. Serum zinc and copper concentrations in mothers with various other complications during pregnancy and delivery did not differ from values in mothers with normal pregnancies and deliveries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Concentration of nickel and chromium in serum: influence of blood sampling technique.

In the determination of nickel and chromium in serum, contamination is the most important source of error. In this study the influence of needle type and collection device was investigated. For each of 20 subjects the concentrations of nickel and chromium in serum obtained by the following techniques of blood collection were compared: closed collection system (acidwashed polyethylene syringes) + (A) steel needle (Terumo), (B) teflon i.v. cannula (Abbocath-T), and (C1) teflon i.v. cannula (Venflon); (C2) open collection system (acidwashed polyethylene tubes) + teflon i.v. cannula (Venflon). For each technique the first 5 ml of blood were discarded. No statistically significant differences were found between serum concentrations of nickel and chromium in specimens collected with the sampling techniques A, B, C1 and C2. This study has shown that identical results for concentrations of nickel and chromium in serum are obtained independent of whether a steel needle or a teflon i.v. cannula is used for blood sampling, provided the first 5 ml of blood are discarded. Likewise, identical results are obtained independent of whether specimens are collected in a closed or an open collection system, provided collection devices are acidwashed and sampling takes place under hospital conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A method for determination of zinc in mononuclear leucocytes.

A method for the determination of the concentration of zinc in a well-characterized fraction of mononuclear leucocytes from human blood is described. Leucocytes were separated from whole blood by use of the one-step sodium metrizoate/Ficoll procedure. The cell suspensions obtained by the separation procedure had the following composition (mean, range) (N = 15): 82% (70-85%) lymphocytes, 15% (10-15%) monocytes and 4% (2-10%) neutrophils. The ratio of platelets to leucocytes was 1:1 (1:1-1.5). Cell pellets were sonicated before zinc analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 10 healthy volunteers (5 males and 5 females) aged 21-45 years, median age 33 years, were studied. The concentration of zinc in mononuclear leucocytes was 1.14 +/- 0.14 mumol/10(10) cells or 156 +/- 8 mumol/g protein (mean +/- SD).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Serum selenium concentration in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Relation to course and outcome of pregnancy.

The present knowledge of the role of selenium in human fetal and neonatal development is sparse. In this study we measured serum selenium concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood from 500 Danish mothers at delivery, looking for a relationship between various maternal and fetal complications and selenium values. In mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies and deliveries serum selenium concentrations were 0.84 +/- 0.19 mumol/l (mean +/- SD), whereas in cord blood from full-term babies born adequate for gestational age and with no malformations serum selenium concentrations were 0.60 +/- 0.11 mumol/l (mean +/- SD). Mothers who received mineral tablets (other than iron preparations) during pregnancy had significantly higher serum selenium values than unsupplemented mothers (0.92 versus 0.70 mumol/l) (p less than 0.001). Infants of mineral-supplemented mothers also had significantly higher serum selenium values than infants of unsupplemented mothers (0.62 versus 0.58 mumol/l) (p less than 0.001). Preterm infants had significantly lower serum selenium concentrations than full term infants (0.54 versus 0.60 mumol/l) (p = 0.01), whereas infants small for gestational age did not differ in serum selenium concentrations from infants adequate for gestational age. Serum selenium concentrations in malformed infants tended to be lower than in normal infants (0.55 versus 0.60 mumol/l) (p = 0.09), but the difference was not statistically significant, probably due to the small number. Serum selenium concentrations in mothers with various complications during pregnancy and delivery did not differ from values in mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies and deliveries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Stage I and II Hodgkin's disease with enlarged mediastinum in adults. Apropos of 24 cases].

We have reported a retrospective study on 24 cases of supra-diaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease Stage I and II, with massive mediastinal invasion, followed from January 1981 to October 1986 and treated first with chemotherapy and then supra-diaphragmatic mantle type radiotherapy up to a dose of 40 Gy in 20 sessions and over 26 days; inverted irradiation was given to the aorto-lumbar region and the spleen up to a dose of 30 Gy in 15 sessions over 19 days. Supplementary irradiation to the superior mediastinum on average 10 Gy in five sessions over five days was given in two cases and five Gy in three sessions over three days in four cases. After initial chemotherapy there appeared to be a complete remission in 29% (7 out of 24), there was a partial remission in 71% (17 out of 24), of which one gave a 25% response, two a 50% response and 14 gave a response of greater than 80%. After radiotherapy the remission rate appeared complete in 96% (23 out of 24). The overall survival was 90% (19 out of 21) with a mean follow up of 45 months (range 8-78 months) with a complete remission level of 85.5% (18 out of 21). For the 13 cases followed for five years the overall survival level and the level of survival in complete remission was 84.5% (11 out of 13) and 77% (10 out of 13) respectively. We have seen symptomatic post radiotherapy pneumonia. The association of chemo and radiotherapy in this limited series of patients has enabled us to obtain a satisfying duration of remission.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗