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Biomedical subjects

S Brozinsky

Publications and source records attributed to S Brozinsky.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of 11R, 16, 16-trimethyl prostaglandin E2 on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer subjects.

The effect of varying oral doses of 11R, 16, 16-trimethyl prostaglandin E2 (TmPGE2) on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin concentrations was studied in 10 male subjects with asymptomatic duodenal ulcer disease. A liquid protein meal was infused intragastrically 0.5 h and 3.5 h after drug administration. TmPGE2 inhibited gastric acid secretion in a dose dependent manner during the first meal and no significant effect was observed during the second meal. Except for the highest dose, no TmPGE2 was detected in plasma 3 h after drug administration. The degree of inhibition of meal-stimulated gastric acid was positively correlated with the plasma level of TmPGE2, but it was not due to inhibition of postprandial gastrin release. The results indicate that oral TmPGE2 inhibits meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion but not gastrin release in humans with asymptomatic duodenal ulcer disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of a new potent H2-receptor antagonist on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin concentration in duodenal ulcer patients.

We evaluated the effect of 20-, 40-, 60-, and 80-mg doses of SKF 93479, a new H2-receptor antagonist, on food-stimulated gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients. Medications were given as a single oral dose in the morning with a breakfast meal, and acid secretion was measured by in vivo intragastric titration in response to four blended steak meals infused into the stomach at intervals over a 24-hr period. A breakfast meal was infused immediately after medication; a luncheon meal was given 5 hr after drug, and a dinner meal was instilled 10 hr later. A second breakfast meal was infused 24 hr after medication. For comparison, the effect of 300 mg cimetidine, given as normally prescribed (with meals and at bedtime), on acid secretion was also studied. Food-stimulated acid secretion was inhibited in a dose-related manner by each of the four doses of SKF 93479. The antisecretory effect was most dramatic following the luncheon meal, and there was still significant (P less than 0.05) inhibition of acid secretion at the dinner meal with all doses of SKF 93479. With the second breakfast meal 24 hr after medication, the 80-mg dose alone achieved significant (P less than 0.05) inhibition of acid secretion. Inhibition of acid secretion was correlated positively with blood SKF 93479 levels. When compared with placebo results, serum gastrin concentration, measured 5 and 10 hr after medication, was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) with SKF 93479.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Midazolam, a new more potent benzodiazepine, compared with diazepam: a randomized, double-blind study of preendoscopic sedatives.

Midazolam is a new imidazobenzodiazepine. It is more potent and has a shorter duration of action than diazepam. Forty patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for the first time were randomized to receive either diazepam or midazolam as the preendoscopic sedative agent. Both the patient and the endoscopist were blinded regarding the treatment group. Vital signs were monitored before, during, and after induction. Questionnaires were used to assess patient recall of the procedure, as well as endoscopist and patient satisfaction. Recovery from sedation was assessed using the Treiger test (i.e., connecting a series of sequential points with a line). Twenty-four hours and 1 to 2 weeks later, follow-up was obtained on all patients to evaluate for any delayed adverse effects. When compared to diazepam, midazolam was more potent and decreased induction time by more than 2.5 min (p less than 0.001). Recovery time and endoscopist and patient satisfaction were similar (p greater than 0.1), but patient recall was significantly less in the midazolam group (p less than 0.01). Fewer adverse reactions (e.g., thrombophlebitis) were noted with midazolam; however, the magnitude of the difference was not statistically significant. Hemodynamic parameters were also similar. It is concluded that midazolam is a safe, effective, and promptly acting sedative for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Compared to diazepam it was significantly more potent, faster acting, and associated with greater amnesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection in a homosexual man with severe acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A 44-yr-old white homosexual man with a history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed watery diarrhea and fever. Flexible sigmoidoscopy revealed yellow plaques in the sigmoid colon suggestive of pseudomembranous colitis. Stool examination for ova and parasites, Clostridium difficile toxin, and cultures for pathogens, including Clostridium difficile, were negative. Infection with multiple organisms, including Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, Toxoplasma gondii, herpes simplex, and cytomegalovirus, was demonstrated. Postmortem examination showed esophageal and colonic ulcerations with cytomegalic inclusions, and cytomegalovirus was cultured from the colonic lesions. This report describes a case of disseminated cytomegalovirus infection with esophageal and colonic involvement in a homosexual man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

Patient acceptance and effectiveness of a balanced lavage solution (Golytely) versus the standard preparation for colonoscopy.

An oral electrolyte solution containing 125 mM/L sodium, 10 mM/L potassium, 80 mM/L sulfate, 20 mM/L bicarbonate, and 80 mM/L of polyethylene glycol, and associated with little water or electrolyte absorption from the gut was recently described in this journal. To determine the efficacy of this solution (Golytely) for colonoscopy, 20 consecutive patients were randomized to either a standard colonoscopy prep or Golytely. Both preps resulted in a feces-free colon, allowing colonoscopy to the cecum in most cases. Although Golytely produced mild cramps (3 of 12) and transient fullness (6 of 12 vs. 0 of 8 with standard prep, p less than 0.02), 11 of 12 were willing to repeat Golytely vs. 3 of 8 with the standard prep (p less than 0.02). It is concluded that Golytely is an effective prep for colonoscopy and well tolerated by patients. It is especially useful for those requiring repeated examinations because of patient acceptance and efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bile emboli: a complication of PTD.

Bile emboli in the kidneys and lungs were present at autopsy in a patient who had undergone percutaneous trans-hepatic drainage for pancreatic carcinoma obstructing the common bile duct. The patient also developed hemobilia and bile peritonitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with emphysematous cholecystitis.

A 34-year old man presented with jaundice, nausea and vomiting. He had previously been in good health but was a chronic drug abuser and regularly consumed large amounts of wine. Emphysematous cholecystitis was diagnosed by abdominal radiography. Examination of the peripheral blood smear, blood count and serum chemistries revealed a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal insufficiency. He was treated with antibiotics and intravenous fluids and had clinical, hematologic and biochemical improvement over the course of the next four weeks. At surgery, a chronically inflamed gallbladder, containing multiple stones, was resected. There was no evidence of vasculitis. Although emphysematous cholecystitis associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome is most unusual, other diseases of infectious etiology have been reported in association with the hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The possible etiologic role of endotoxin is discussed, as are the importance of recognizing the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in patients with underlying or concurrent bacterial infections and the problem of management in such a case.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Marked elevation of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase during asymptomatic cholangitis associated with calcific pancreatitis-induced common bile duct stricture.

Cholestasis due to chronic pancreatitis has been well documented. Previous reports describe the gamut of biochemical, radiological and clinical findings in these patients. We wish to present the unusual association of a relatively asymptomatic cholangitis due to common bile duct (CBD) stricture induced by calcific pancreatitis.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Regeneration of jejunal mucosa during recovery from malnutrition and pancreatic insufficiency.

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse, who presented with severe malnutrition, was subjected to serial jejunal biopsies during his hospitalization. The improvement in villous size and absorptive cell ultrastructure paralleled his clinical recovery. It is concluded that the caloric and trophic benefits of food, the pancreatic and vitamin replacement therapy and withdrawal of alcohol, all played an integral part in the regeneration of the jujunal mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alcohol ingestion-induced changes in the human rectal mucosa: light and electron microscopic studies.

Histologic and ultrastructural examination of specimens of rectal mucosa from 11 patients who had recently consumed excessive quantities of alcohol revealed marked pathologic changes. Goblet cells were decreased and a dense mononuclear cell infiltrate was seen on light microscopic study. Electron microscopy revealed swollen, distorted mitochondria and dilated and vesicular endoplasmic reticulum. These abnormalities disappeared after two weeks' abstinence. It is suggested that disordered organelle structure and function might contribute to the diarrhea frequently observed following excessive alcohol intake.

Adult↗