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Biomedical subjects

S Brunet

Publications and source records attributed to S Brunet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Treatment of interstitial pneumonitis due to cytomegalovirus with ganciclovir and intravenous immune globulin: experience of European Bone Marrow Transplant Group.

Data on 49 allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients who developed interstitial pneumonia due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) were collected retrospectively. All patients were treated with ganciclovir and high doses of intravenous immune globulin, although types of immune globulins and schedules of treatment varied. Seventeen (35%) of 49 patients responded to treatment. Thirty days after the diagnosis of interstitial pneumonia, the survival rate among patients was 31%. CMV was detected in 81% of patients on whom autopsies were performed. The survival rate among patients who received total body irradiation (TBI) was significantly lower (11 [27%] of 41) than that among patients who did not receive TBI (six [75%] of eight; odds ratio = 12.3; P = .009). No other factor, including age, grade of graft-versus-host disease, types and dose of immune globulin used, or dose of ganciclovir, was correlated to survival. These results show that although survival of allogeneic BMT recipients with CMV interstitial pneumonia has improved, more than one-half of the patients still died of pneumonia. Thus, both prophylaxis for and treatment of CMV infection must be improved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

High-dose chemotherapy with bone marrow rescue for treatment of Hodgkin's disease.

Between December 1st 1984 and July 1st 1991, 20 patients, 11 males and 9 females, median age 36 years (range 14-54) with Hodgkin's disease were treated with high dose chemo-radiotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow rescue. At the time of autologous bone marrow transplantation, 8 patients were in complete remission, 9 in sensitive relapse and 3 were resistant to conventional treatments. There were 3 early procedure-related deaths: 1 cardiac failure due to cyclophosphamide treatment, 1 veno-occlusive disease, and 1 patient died from CMV interstitial pneumonitis, 4 months after ABMT. Of the 17 other patients, 15 are alive, 12 in complete remission, 2 in relapse and 1 patient is not evaluable due to short-follow-up follow-up. Disease free survival is 65% at 20 months with a follow-up of 60 months. There is a trend for a better disease-free survival in patients in complete remission at the time of autologous bone marrow transplantation vs patients in sensitive relapse, although it does not reach statistical significance (80% vs 37%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of direct effects of enoximone on systemic and pulmonary vascular bed in animals with a Jarvik total artificial heart.

Enoximone, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has positive inotropic and vasodilating actions. To evaluate specific effects of this drug on the systemic and pulmonary vascular bed, we administered enoximone as a 10-minute intravenous bolus at two different doses of 2 and 3 mg/kg of body weight, at different days, to five Holstein calves with a Jarvik 7-70 ml total artificial heart (Symbion, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah). The calves were monitored for aortic pressure, right atrial pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and left atrial pressure. For each experiment cardiac output was maintained constant, and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances were calculated at 0, 15, 30, and 60 minutes and every hour for 8 hours after infusion. Statistical analysis used analysis of variance and the paired t test with Bonferroni's correction. Data showed the following: (1) a marked systemic vasodilating action of enoximone at peak effect at 30 minutes with a 20% decrease in systemic vascular resistance from baseline value under constant cardiac output, returning progressively to normal values throughout the 8 hours; (2) a comparable effect for the two separate doses tested; (3) no specific action on the pulmonary vascular bed with "nonunidirectional" changes in pulmonary vascular resistance. This model was validated by the infusion of prostaglandin I2 in the same animals, at different days, which significantly decreased pulmonary vascular resistance of 50% at peak effect, under constant cardiac output. In summary, enoximone showed a proper systemic vasodilating effect with no specific action on the pulmonary vascular bed in an animal model of the total artificial heart. Decrease in pulmonary vascular resistances obtained with enoximone in clinical practice seems more related to the inotropic properties of the drug. Enoximone should not be administered in pulmonary hypertension, as suggested before.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 17 cases. Report from the EBMTG.

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was performed in 17 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): 15 resistant and two untreated forms. There were 12 males and five females with a mean age of 40 years (32-49). The conditioning regimens and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis varied. Successful engraftment was obtained in 15 evaluable cases. Lymphocytosis and clinical symptoms subsided in all but one case. All 15 evaluable patients developed acute GVHD. Among the 17 patients grafted, one early death was observed at the 15th day post-BMT, and one refractory patient died 2 months after BMT. Of the remaining 15 patients in complete remission (CR), four died from GVHD, hemorrhage and graft failure, and two relapsed at 7 and 54 months after BMT and died. Nine patients are alive in CR with a mean follow-up of 25.6 months (4-48). Chimerism was complete in eight patients and partial in the two T cell-depleted cases. In one case, an immunoglobulin gene rearrangement study showed no residual disease. These results suggest that allogenic BMT might be an alternative and possible curative therapy for refractory CLL in young patients when performed relatively early in the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of resistant or relapsing Hodgkin's disease with high doses of chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplant].

Eleven patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated with high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Four patients were resistant to initial therapy and 7 patients had relapsed but were progressing under second or third line therapy. The median time from initial diagnosis to transplantation was 44 months (range, 16 to 82). In 9 patients pre-ABMT consisted on high-dose CVB cyclophosphamide, etoposide and carmustine) chemotherapy, one patient was treated with BACT protocol (carmustine, cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide and thioguanine) and other patient was treated with high-dose of busulfan and melphalan. In 8 patients complete remission (CR) was achieved, in one the remission was partial, one failed to respond and one case was not evaluable due to early death. Among CR patients, 2 died from late toxicity, and the other 6 remain in CR off therapy, one of them more than 33 months after ABMT. High-dose therapy produce severe myelosuppression in all patients. There were 3 treatment related death: one early death due to hemorrhagic myocarditis, one veno-occlusive disease of the liver and one due to cytomegalovirus sepsis. The high complete response rate in these heavily pretreated patients suggests that there may be an indication for high-dose therapy and ABMT in earlier resistant Hodgkin's disease. Moreover under such conditions, treatment related morbidity would be expected to be lower.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Specific mRNAs accumulate in long-wavelength UV-irradiated mouse epidermis.

Total RNA from hairless mice epidermis was analysed by RNA-DNA hybridization on slot blots at various times following irradiation with long-wavelength UV light (UV-B or UV-B plus UV-A). Densitometric scanning of the autoradiographies indicates that the amount of RNA which hybridizes with an Ha-ras DNA probe remains constant for up to 72 h after irradiation. The amount of the transcript which hybridizes to a c-fos DNA probe increases dose dependently from 15 min to 2 h after irradiation. RNA which hybridizes to a tubulin DNA probe accumulates in parallel with the increase in mitotic index associated with the radiation-induced hyperplasia.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[DNA polymorphisms as implant markers in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Preliminary evaluation].

After allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), patient hematopoietic and lymphoid cells are replaced by cells derived from the donor marrow. To document and characterize successful engraftment, host and donor cells must be distinguished from each other. We have used DNA sequence polymorphism analysis in 6 patients, at times varying, to determine reliably the host or donor origin of posttransplant cell populations and to compare these results with those obtained using red blood cell antigens and cytogenetics. Initially full engraftment was documented in all patients. In 1 patient a mixed lymphohematopoietic chimerism was documented 6 months after BMT and it reverted to donor hematopoiesis at 1 year post BMT. Posttransplant leukemic relapse was studied in two patients and shown to be of host origin in both cases. The DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), are a powerful tool for the documentation of engraftment after BMT, to document mixed lymphohematopoietic chimerism and for the evaluation of leukemic relapse.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1989

[Association of acute leukemia with disseminated intravascular coagulation in adults. Analysis of 14 cases].

The association of acute leukemia (AL) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in 89 patients with a de novo diagnosis of AL made in our center during the last 8 years was retrospectively evaluated. DIC was demonstrated in 14 patients (15.7%) (7 AML-M3, 1 AML-M3, 1 AML-M2, 1 AML-M4, 2 AML-M5, and 2 ALL-L1). In 5 of them ICD was diagnosed after the beginning of chemotherapy. The factors predisposing to the development of DIC were: 1) the type of AL (p less than 0.01), as 70% of AML-M3 had DIC; 2) the intensity of granulation in leukemia cells (p less than 0.004); 3) the presence of Auer's rods and/or splinters in these cells, and 4) the presence of hemorrhagic diathesis (p less than 0.007). Eight of the 14 patients with DIC received heparin at a prophylactic dosage. No significant differences in the clinical course were in the group of patients with DIC who received heparin and in those who did not, excepting that in the former the platelet requirements were higher (p less than 0.005). Mortality rate during the first month was higher in the group of AL with DIC than in AL without DIC (p less than 0.025). Long term mortality was similar in both groups. The control of hemostasis is fundamental in AL, even in those patients without DIC at the time of diagnosis. The administration of blood derivatives has a high priority in AL with DIC. The role of heparin is still controversial.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Heat shock mRNA in mouse epidermis after UV irradiation.

Total RNA from murine epidermis was extracted at different times after irradiation with erythemogenic doses of ultraviolet light (UVB or UVB/UVA) and hybridized to a DNA probe from the gene of a heat shock protein (hsp 70). An intense and transitory enrichment in RNA molecules hybridizing to the DNA probe was found between 15 and 120 min after irradiation, followed by a return to control levels over the next 70 h. Dose-response analysis indicates that 30 min after the irradiation, the relative amount of RNA hybridizing to the hsp 70 DNA probe increases with the dose (within the range explored: 0-180 mJ/cm2) up to values greater than 5 times the control.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Acute erythroblastic leukemia. Cytological, cytogenetic and phenotypic studies in one case.

We report the clinical, cytological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic findings in one patient with acute erythroblastic leukemia. Blast cells were identified by their reactivity with the early erythroid antibodies FA6-152 and carbonic anhydrase I. The leukemic blasts had no specific differentiating features identifying them as erythroblasts even at an ultrastructural level. Cytogenetic studies revealed multiple chromosome aberrations: 45,XX,i(11q),-16,-17,-21,+der(21)t(21;?)(q22;?),+mar 1.

Aged↗