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Biomedical subjects

S Burr

Publications and source records attributed to S Burr.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Occurrence and risk of cochleotoxicity in cystic fibrosis patients receiving repeated high-dose aminoglycoside therapy.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients receive repeated courses of aminoglycoside therapy. These patients would consequently be expected to be more susceptible to cochleotoxicity, a recognized side effect with single courses of aminoglycoside therapy. The primary aim of this retrospective study was to establish the incidence and severity of auditory deficit in CF patients. Standard (0.25- to 8-kHz) and high-frequency (10- to 16-kHz) pure-tone audiometry was carried out in 70 CF patients, and the results were compared with the results from 91 control subjects. These subjects were further divided into pediatric and adult groups. Of 70 CF patients, 12 (1 pediatric) displayed hearing loss considered to be caused by repeated exposure to aminoglycosides. There was a nonlinear relationship between the courses of therapy received and the incidence of hearing loss. The severity of the loss did not appear to be related to the number of courses received. Assuming the risk of loss to be independent for each course, preliminary estimates of per course risk of hearing loss were less than 2%. Upon comparison with previous clinical studies and experimental work, these findings suggest that the incidence of cochleotoxicity in CF patients is considerably lower than would be expected, suggesting that the CF condition may confer protection against aminoglycoside cochleotoxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The Child-Friendly Healthcare Initiative (CFHI): Healthcare provision in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. Child Advocacy International. Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development of the World Health Organization (WHO). Royal College of Nursing (UK). Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (UK). United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).

OBJECTIVE: Although modern medical technology and treatment regimens in well-resourced countries have improved the survival of sick or injured children, most of the world's families do not have access to adequate health care. Many hospitals in poorly resourced countries do not have basic water and sanitation, a reliable electricity supply, or even minimal security. The staff, both clinical and nonclinical, are often underpaid and sometimes undervalued by their communities. In many countries there continues to be minimal, if any, pain control, and the indiscriminate use of powerful antibiotics leads to a proliferation of multiresistant pathogens. Even in well-resourced countries, advances in health care have not always been accompanied by commensurate attention to the child's wider well-being and sufficient concerns about their anxieties, fears, and suffering. In accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child,(1) the proposals set out in this article aim to develop a system of care that will focus on the physical, psychological, and emotional well-being of children attending health care facilities, particularly as inpatients. DESIGN OF THE PROGRAM: To develop in consultation with local health care professionals and international organizations, globally applicable standards that will help to ensure that practices in hospitals and health centers everywhere respect children's rights, not only to survival and avoidance of morbidity, but also to their protection from unnecessary suffering and their informed participation in treatment. Child Advocacy International will liase closely with the Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) in the implementation of the pilot scheme in 6 countries. In hospitals providing maternity and newborn infant care, the program will be closely linked with the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative of WHO/UNICEF that aims to strengthen support for breastfeeding. United Nations Children's Fund, United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, child protection, breastfeeding, pain control, palliative care, child abuse.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Emollients for managing dry skin conditions.

Emollients are essential in the management of dry skin conditions, but are often underused in general practice. Selection depends on the knowledge and experience of the practitioner and patient preference. Careful explanation of the use and variety of emollients will assist successful management of dry skin conditions.

Baths↗
PubMed1998

Making waves.

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Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed1992

Pediatric nursing in the United Kingdom.

Child health matters remain low on the government agenda, and present reforms of the NHS are overtly concerned with financial aspects rather than the quality of care. Pediatric nurses must therefore become more assertive and pro-active in their role as advocates for children and their families. However, pediatric nurses are extremely fortunate in the UK because they have (a) a nurse education system that has always recognized that the nursing needs of children are different to those of adults, (b) the opportunity to work with medical and voluntary organizations committed to improving children's health, and (c) a professional organization that is not only large and powerful, but since 1984 has been committed to advancing the art and science of pediatric nursing. It employs a full-time adviser to assist its members and publishes the only pediatric nursing journal. Pediatric nurses have assisted in advancing the art and science of pediatric nursing with caring for children and their families in a holistic fashion, with families supported and participating in their child's care. But there are still many opportunities to improve the quality of health care to children and their families. Quality caring is what children and their families want and deserve, but is not as easy to measure as quantity care. At a time when in so many countries, health service managers concentrate on quantity, pediatric nurses must use every opportunity to shape the health policy of their nation for the benefit of children. We all live in interesting times and it would be interesting to see what we make of them on behalf of children.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Leading the way.

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Community Health Nursing↗