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S C Dreskin

Publications and source records attributed to S C Dreskin.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

IL-3-dependent growth of basophil-like cells and mastlike cells from human bone marrow.

Human bone marrow cultured in the presence of human rIL-3 has been reported to give rise to basophils. In contrast, mouse bone marrow, cultured in the presence of mouse IL-3, leads to the growth of mast cells. To determine if human rIL-3 might also stimulate the growth of human mast cells, we cultured human bone marrow in the presence of human rIL-3 in suspension cultures, methylcellulose, and in "interphase" cultures where cells are layered over agar. The presence of mast cells was determined using a variety of histochemical techniques. In agreement with previous reports, basophil-like cells were identified in all culture systems. Mastlike cells were identified only in interphase cultures. By 3 wk, such cultures consisted of basophil-like cells (20 to 50%) and mastlike cells (1 to 5%). Cultures supplemented with rIL-4 showed no additional increase in basophil-like and mastlike cells. Both basophil-like and mastlike cells fluoresced with o-phthaldialdehyde and exhibited IgE receptors. Unlike basophil-like cells, mastlike cells were chloroacetate esterase, amidase, and human mast cell tryptase positive. We conclude that human rIL-3 can support the growth of human mastlike cells under selected culture conditions.

Basophils↗
PubMed1987

Evolution of the hyperimmunoglobulin E and recurrent infection (HIE, JOB's) syndrome in a young girl.

The hyperimmunoglobulin E and recurrent infection syndrome is difficult to diagnose in children with markedly elevated IgE and recurrent superficial Staphylococcus aureus infections who have not presented with a severe infection. The patient, the child of a woman with HIE, had elevated cord blood IgE. In early infancy, she had cutaneous colonization with S. aureus followed by frank impetiginous lesions. Anti-S. aureus IgE was easily detected with a highly specific ELISA assay at 2 years of age (2 years before her presentation with a S. aureus subcutaneous abscess). Thus, the measurement of anti-S. aureus IgE by this technique may be a useful laboratory test for the diagnosis of HIE before the appearance of a severe infection.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

Elevated urinary histamine in the hyperimmunoglobulin E and recurrent infection (Job's) syndrome: association with eczematoid dermatitis and not with infection.

To test the hypothesis that IgE-mediated release of histamine may be, in part, responsible for the abnormal inflammatory response observed in the hyperimmunoglobulin E (HIE) and recurrent infection syndrome, urine and plasma histamine levels were measured. Twenty-four-hour urinary histamine concentrations from 15 patients with HIE (23.7 +/- 6.9 micrograms/24 hr) were significantly elevated (p less than 0.001) compared to a large historical control population (10.5 +/- 0.7 micrograms/24 hr; n = 97). However, urinary histamine levels in HIE were much less abnormal (p less than 0.01) than in five patients with biopsy-proven systemic mastocytosis (159 +/- 62 micrograms/24 hr) and were not significantly elevated when levels were compared to 13 concurrently studied normal subjects (10.1 +/- 1.7 micrograms/24 hr) and nine patients with chronic granulomatous disease (8.1 +/- 1.2 micrograms/24 hr). Overall, there was no clear relationship between urine histamine values and the presence of infection as well as no significant correlation between urine histamine and total IgE or anti-Staphylococcus aureus IgE. However, urine histamine levels in a subgroup of six patients with HIE with chronic eczematoid dermatitis (42.4 +/- 12.5 micrograms/24 hr) were elevated compared with values from the historical control subjects (p less than 0.001), the concurrent control subjects (p less than 0.01), the patients with chronic granulomatous disease (p less than 0.01), and five patients with HIE who did not have skin manifestations (4.6 +/- 1.1 micrograms/24 hr; p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1987

Metabolism of immunoglobulin E in patients with markedly elevated serum immunoglobulin E levels.

The metabolism of human IgE was studied in normals, severe atopics, and patients with the hyperimmunoglobulin E-recurrent infection (HIE; Job's) syndrome to determine whether IgE metabolism is altered in patients with marked elevation of serum IgE. Purified polyclonal 125I-IgE was administered intravenously and serial plasma and urine samples were obtained. After analysis, the metabolic data support previously published evidence that IgE (at concentrations found in normal individuals) is catabolized at a higher fractional rate than other immunoglobulins and is catabolized by both an intravascular and an extravascular pathway. In addition, the data show that the fractional catabolic rate for IgE is significantly less for the atopic patients (mean +/- SEM = 0.20 +/- 0.01) and for the HIE patients (0.15 +/- 0.02) than for the normal volunteers (0.52 +/- 0.06; P less than 0.01) and is inversely related (r = -0.851; P less than 0.001) to the serum IgE concentration. These findings have specific importance in showing that decreased fractional catabolic rate contributes substantially to elevation of IgE in atopic and HIE patients. In addition, the findings have general significance in that they lead to a unifying hypothesis of immunoglobulin catabolism.

Body Fluid Compartments↗
PubMed1985

Immunoglobulins in the hyperimmunoglobulin E and recurrent infection (Job's) syndrome. Deficiency of anti-Staphylococcus aureus immunoglobulin A.

Patients with the hyperimmunoglobulin E and recurrent infection syndrome (HIE) characteristically have frequent skin and respiratory infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. We have developed a set of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays that use whole S. aureus (Wood's strain) immobilized on 0.22-micrometers filters and highly specific, affinity-purified enzyme conjugates of goat anti-human IgE, anti-human IgD, anti-human IgG, anti-human IgA, and anti-human IgM. These reagents were used to determine S. aureus-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) levels. As previously published, 10 patients with HIE had markedly higher levels of anti-S. aureus IgE than did 5 patients with eczema and recurrent superficial S. aureus infections (P less than 0.001). The HIE patients were also found to have a deficit of anti-S. aureus serum IgA as compared with 12 normal subjects, 12 patients with chronic granulomatous disease, 5 patients with chronic eczema and recurrent superficial S. aureus infections, and 3 patients with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome (P less than 0.01 for each comparison). In addition the HIE patients had an excess of anti-S. aureus IgM as compared with normal subjects (P less than 0.01). An expected excess of anti-S. aureus IgG was absent. These abnormalities cannot be explained by variations of total serum Ig levels or by a general inability to produce antigen-specific IgA because levels of naturally occurring IgA antibody against Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and the antigens of the pneumococcal vaccine are normal. Parotid saliva from patients with HIE contained less salivary IgA per milligram of protein (P less than 0.01) and less salivary anti-S. aureus IgA per milligram of protein (P less than 0.05) than did normal controls. The incidence of infection at mucosal surfaces and adjacent lymph nodes correlated inversely with serum anti-S. aureus IgA (r = -0.647, P = 0.034), serum anti-S. aureus IgE (r = -0.731, P = 0.016), total serum IgE (r = -0.714, P = 0.020), and total serum IgD (r = -0.597, P = 0.049). These findings are evidence of a previously undescribed immunoregulatory defect in patients with HIE, which may contribute to the increased susceptibility to infection in this syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pseudoleukemia due to infection. A case report.

A 29-year-old white female developed fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and hypovolemic shock. Twenty-four hours after resection of intraperitoneal adhesions she had granulocytopenia and leukopenia with a marked "left shift"; a bone marrow aspirate was interpreted as showing acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. The clinical presentation made this diagnosis unlikely and the subsequent course indicated that this was a reaction to bacterial infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Acute effects of growth hormone on the function of ribosomes of rat skeletal muscle.

The effect of the acute intravenous administration of bovine growth hormone (bGH) to female hypophysectomized rats on the ability of ribosomes isolated from their thigh muscles to incorporate 3H-leucine and 3H-puromycin into protein in vitro was studied. Ribosomes prepared from the muscles of animals that had received bGH (200 microgram) 30 min before sacrifice were more active in incorporating leucine and puromycin into protein than the controls. However, no effect of the hormone on leucine incorporation was seen 15 min after its injection, suggesting some lag period in its course of action on ribosome function. In experiments dealing with the ability of the ribosome preparations to incorporation puromycin into protein, it was found that at the completion of the reaction, ribosomes made from the muscles of bGH-treated rats had incorporated 22% more tracer into protein than the controls, suggesting that these preparations contained a larger population of ribosomes actively engaged in protein synthesis. This conclusion was also supported by the finding that sucrose density gradient profiles of ribosome preparations from the hormone-treated rats had a greater proportion of ribosomes in the polyribosome fraction than those of the controls. From these and other observations made in this study, it would appear that the acute effect of growth hormone on the function of rat skeletal muscle ribosomes is to increase the fraction of ribosomes active in peptide synthesis.

Animals↗