1,774 cases of peptic ulcer.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
S C Hsu
Publications and source records attributed to S C Hsu.
A case report of traumatic hemobilia.
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Adult↗
Pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary carcinoma.
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Adult↗
Atypical signaling defects prevent IL-2 gene expression in lpr/lpr CD4-CD8- cells.
T cells with CD4-CD8- (double negative, DN) phenotype in MRL-lpr/lpr mouse serve as a model to establish the correlation between the extremely low IL-2 gene expression and the specific signaling inactivation. The extent of nonresponsiveness in lpr DN cells was distinctive in several unusual defects. First, the poor IL-2 production in lpr DN cells could not be restored by supplement of signals known to augment IL-2 response in normal T cells. Second, the activations of both mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were attenuated in lpr DN cells upon direct activation by TPA/A23187. Third, IL-2 mRNA was degraded much faster in lpr DN cells than that in normal T cells. Fourth, of the four major transcriptional elements on IL-2 promoter, only AP-1 and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-binding activities were suppressed in lpr DN T cells. Altogether, these results suggest that an extremely low level of IL-2 production in lpr DN T cells was due to both the increased instability of mRNA and the reduced activation of IL-2 gene promoter, the latter defect could be attributed to the inactivation of AP-1 and NF-AT as well as the poor activation of the upstream MAP kinase and JNK.
Animals↗
Construction of a tagging system for subcellular localization of proteins encoded by open reading frames.
We have previously characterized a monoclonal antibody (SC1D7) that is directed to maltose-binding protein (MBP) of Escherichia coli and other closely related enteric bacteria. SC1D7 does not cross-react with proteins in eucaryotes and appears to be a highly specific tool in immunochemical analyses. To better map the epitope, we took advantage of an available plasmid, pMAL-c2, that encodes the E. coli MBP-coding sequence and constructed plasmids to express MBP fragments. A construct containing the N-terminal portion of MBP does not react with SC1D7, whereas a second construct expressing glutathione S-transferase fused with the C-terminal half of MBP does react with SC1D7. To precisely define the epitope, random peptides displayed on M13 were used to react with SC1D7. Sequences of reactive peptides were aligned, and a consensus sequence of XDXRIPX was deduced. This sequence matches MBP with an amino acid stretch of KDPRIAA. To consolidate the mapping result, a sequence encoding this epitope was inserted into an expression vector and the resulting recombinant protein did react with SC1D7. Thereafter, this epitope was incorporated into a eucaryotic expression plasmid containing a previously defined hepatitis delta virus epitope for protein tagging. This two-epitope-tagging vector is useful in various molecular analyses. We demonstrate its usage for localization of a bacterial virulence factor in host cells. This vector should be applicable for high-throughput characterization of new open reading frames found in genome sequencing.
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
A simple method of drying virus on inanimate objects for virucidal testing.
A simple method for drying virus on inanimate objects (cover slips) under vacuum in the cold is described. Following this procedure virus maintains high titers (10(6-7)) for periods of 1-3 wk at -70 degrees C depending on the virus. For virucidal assay of disinfectants, cover slips are exposed to medium simulating the disinfectant (virus control) or disinfectant in an upright position in an Ultra-Vu cuvette. Cover slips are readily removed and placed in tissue culture medium for dilution of virus and determination of virus titer. Cytotoxicity of disinfectant is determined by exposing cover slip without virus to disinfectant, then placing it in medium, diluting the medium and incubating with the indicator cells. The use of this technique results in high titers of virus on cover slips, which are inanimate objects requiring minimal manipulation. The titration of virus or cytotoxicity in microplates is cell, medium, serum, and labware economical.
Antiviral Agents↗
Weekly and monthly regimens of paclitaxel and carboplatin in the management of advanced ovarian cancer. A preliminary report on side effects.
This preliminary study was carried out over 18 months to evaluate whether the side effects in patients with advanced ovarian cancer receiving chemotherapy using paclitaxel-carboplatin differed between weekly (98 cycles in 14 patients) and monthly (102 cycles in 15 patients) administrations. We used paclitaxel (60 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC of 2) in the weekly regimen and 175 mg/m2 of paclitaxel and carboplatin (AUC of 6) in the monthly regimen. All eligible patients received at least four cycles of treatment in both regimens. The results revealed significantly decreased hematological toxicity in weekly regimens relative to monthly ones, ie, 7.1% vs. 18.6% of anemia (> or = grade 2), 7.1% vs. 32.3% of grade 3/4 granulocytopenia, and 0% vs. 15.7% of >grade 2 thrombocytopenia. There was no significant difference in nonhematological toxicities between the two regimens. The incidence of unscheduled events was much less in the weekly regimen than in the monthly one; ie, delayed treatment (3 vs. 18 events), unanticipated hospitalizations (3 vs. 15 times), and supplemental support with G-CSF (7 vs. 33 times). Complete responses were observed in 6 of 14 patients in the weekly regimen and in five of 15 patients in the monthly regimen, while partial responses were seen in four and five patients in the weekly and monthly regimens, respectively. The present results demonstrate that the weekly regimen can achieve the benefits of tolerable toxicity with significantly reduced myelosuppression and improved cost-effectiveness in terms of unscheduled events.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
Adult-onset minimal change disease among Taiwanese: clinical features, therapeutic response, and prognosis.
There are some racial differences in the prevalence and prognosis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome; however, reports about minimal change disease (MCD) in Chinese were rare. We retrospectively analyzed 123 Chinese adults with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, who received percutaneous renal biopsy in our institution within the last 10 years. In total, 46 patients (37.4%) were compatible with the pathological diagnosis of MCD. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age of onset was 30.9 years, and 80% of the patients with MCD were less than 40 years. The mean daily proteinuria was 10.2 g, and serum albumin was 1.8 mg/dl. Azotemia occurred in 16 (35%) of 46 cases; hypertension, 13%; and microscopic hematuria, 13%. High selectivity index for proteinuria (SI <0.1) was noted in 12 (39%) of 31 cases; and high IgE level was found in 83.7% of the study subjects, although only one case had allergic history. Complete remission in 36 MCD patients treated with corticosteroid was achieved by 42% (15/36), 80% (29/36), and 94% (34/36) within 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. The time interval to remission was similar between the younger group (<40 years old, 1.7 months) and older group (>40 years old, 1.6 months). Nineteen (56%) of 34 cases with steroid response did not relapse, and the other cases (44%) had a mean relapse rate of 1.5 times per patient within a period of 45 months. The age of onset in MCD cases was not significantly correlated with steroid-responsive rate, and the time interval to remission. However, a tendency existed between the onset in the young age and the sequentially relapsing rate (p = 0.06). Two cases with primary steroid resistance and 5 cases with frequent relapse or steroid dependence responded well to intravenous pulse therapy of cyclophosphamide, except one refractory case. No thrombotic episode was ever noted in our group. Regarding infectious complications, primary peritonitis occurred in one, pneumonia in one, and cellulitis in 6 cases during active nephrotic stage. Two mortality cases, one with E. coli-related necrotizing fasciitis and one from pneumonia, were noted. In brief, compared with children, adult patients with MCD had lesser high selectivity index for proteinuria, the same steroid-responsive rate (94%), but slower response, and significantly lesser relapsing rate. The intravenous pulse therapy of cyclophosphamide may be an alternative regimen for adult patients with steroid resistance or dependency. In addition, the Asian adult-onset MCD had younger age, male predominance, and lesser relapsing rate in comparison to those of the Western population.
Adolescent↗
Facioscapulohumeral type spinal muscular atrophy: report of a case.
A case of muscular weakness and atrophy with a facioscapulohumeral distribution is described in this report. The neurogenic origin, as judged from the results of laboratory studies, is discussed. The diagnosis and classification of the spinal muscular atrophy syndrome are also discussed. Facioscapulohumeral type spinal muscular atrophy is thought to constitute a distinct form of spinal muscular atrophy.
Adolescent↗
Preoperative evaluation of rectal carcinoma invasion using transrectal ultrasonography: preliminary experience of 30 patients.
Transrectal ultrasonography was used to examine and to preoperatively evaluate rectal carcinoma invasion in 30 patients. Satisfactory sonography pictures were obtained in 23 patients. Four stages of tumor invasion were identified in our study. The sensitivity of preoperative evaluation in this study was 91%. In order to verify the correspondence between the ultrasonographic findings and the actual histo-anatomic condition of rectum, 10 resected rectal specimens were studied by in vitro ultrasonography. We conclude that the appearance of the muscularis propria layer of rectum as a homogeneous hypoechogenic band can be stably defined with transrectal ultrasonography and is crucial for accurate evaluation of cancer invasion. Although lymph node enlargement was shown as hypoechogenic nodules on the sonographic pictures, the existence of cancer metastasis could not be differentiated in this study.
Adult↗