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Biomedical subjects

S Calabrese

Publications and source records attributed to S Calabrese.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells during balanced anesthesia with isoflurane versus total intravenous anesthesia].

Using two different anaesthetic techniques, the author have investigated the cytotoxicity in process during abdominal surgery. In these investigations, no significant differences have been demonstrated in the behaviour of the NK with the two techniques adopted. The increase noted in traceable to the mobilization of the N.K. of the extra vascular deposits. The increase of the cytotoxic activity is probably traceable to the action of the endogenous opiate substances.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Intravenous pentoxifylline in Fontaine stage II and III peripheral arterial diseases].

Thirty patients with lower limb arterial disease (15 Fontaine stage II, 15 stage III) were treated for two weeks with continuous pentoxifylline infusion (1 g daily). In all cases, a significant improvement of the Winsor index was obtained: in stage II from 0.57 +/- 0.11 to 0.67 +/- 0.15 (p less than 0.008), and in stage III from 0.43 +/- 0.20 to 0.58 +/- 0.19 (p less than 0.042). In patients who could be submitted to treadmill exercise, the average distance increased from 216 +/- 88 m to 314 +/- 187 m (p less than 0.05) while distance walked without pain increased from 124 +/- 76 m to 199 +/- 153 (p less than 0.05).

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Relation of haemostatic function, neurovascular impairment, and vibration exposure in workers with different stages of vibration induced white finger.

Haemostatic function and neurovascular symptoms were investigated in 67 workers exposed to vibration and 46 comparable referents. Of these 65.6% of vibration workers complained of neurological disturbances (stages 0T, 0N of Taylor's classification for vibration induced white finger (VWF) and 20.9% suffered from Raynaud's phenomenon (stages 1-2-3). The severity of the staging symptoms showed a close relation with an index of vibration dose computed on the basis of vibration measurement and individual exposure time. Indices of platelet aggregation, both in vitro and in vivo, antithrombin III, fibrinogen and fibrinopeptide A levels were not different in the exposed workers compared with the referents. No relation was found between haemostatic parameters and the severity of VWF. Exposed workers responded to a cooling procedure with a more pronounced vasoconstriction in the digital vessels than the referents, as indicated by delayed recovery time of finger skin temperature after the cold test. These findings suggest that both in the early stages (0T, 0N) and in more severe stages of VWF (stages 1-2) cold induced hyperreactivity in the digital vessels and Raynaud's syndrome are vascular disorders of functional origin occurring without any prethrombotic alterations.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of principal risk factors, hemorheological and blood coagulation characteristics in arteriosclerosis obliterans in the elderly].

The main risk factors, whole blood filterability, platelet function tests and blood coagulation tests have been evaluated in 68 non-diabetic patients with atherosclerosis obliterans of the lower limbs (stages II and III of Fontaine classification), 34 of geriatric age and 34 of middle age, and in 44 healthy controls of middle age. No different prevalence of risk factors has been found among vasculopathic patients of both ages; platelet function tests and blood coagulation tests are overlapping in the two groups of vasculopathic patients, but they are altered in comparison to healthy controls, whereas whole blood filterability is decreased in both groups of atherosclerotic patients, but mostly in elderly subjects, in whom a therapeutic approach with hemorheological drugs seems more suitable.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Platelet aggregation and various coagulation parameters in liver cirrhosis].

Twenty eight patients affected by liver cirrhosis were studied in comparison with 44 control subjects, matched for age. The following parameters were carried out: a) platelet aggregation (by Born's method) induced by increasing concentrations of ADP and epinephrine; b) PF3 ( Spaet - Cintron method) and antithrombin III, aPTT, prothrombin ratio, fibrinogen, platelet count. Platelet aggregation and availability of PF3 are lower in cirrhotic patients, suggesting an intrinsic defect of platelets. Moreover prolongation of aPTT and prothrombin ratio, lower levels of antithrombin III, fibrinogen and platelet count were detected.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of platelet function and coagulation in deafness and sudden vestibular disorders].

Thirty-five patients affected by acute vestibular dysfunction (A.V.D.) and/or sudden deafness (S.D.) were studied. Twenty-seven of them presented, as major component of the clinical disorder, a vestibular dysfunction, eight a sudden deafness. The control group was matched for sex, age, smoking habit and family history of diabetes and myocardial infarction. In all the subjects the following tests were carried out: platelet aggregation (Born's method), PF3 (Spaet and Cintron), PF4 and BTg (RIA), aPTT, AT III, cholesterol and triglycerides. The results indicate in the patients group increase of P.A.: SAV = 27 vs 43% (p = 0.03) at 1.2 X 10(-6) M ADP, a larger availability of PF3 in PPP and PRP, increase of PF4: 7.2 vs 17.2 (p = 0.01) and BTg: 32.4 vs 49.1 (p = 0.009). The data indicate in A.V.D. and S.D. a platelet hyperactivity; if so, an antiplatelet therapy may be reasonable.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Platelet function and clotting parameters of vibration-exposed foundry workers.

Platelet aggregation and blood clotting parameters were studied in 22 workers (84 %) using pneumatic riveting and grinding hand tools and in 20 workers (90 %) not exposed to vibration but comparable with respect to age, anthropometric data, smoking and drinking habits, and atherogenic risk factors. The weighted acceleration levels of the vibrating tools are reported. According to Taylor's grading system for vibration-induced white fingers, 15 exposed workers (57 %) were in stage OT, 9 (34 %) in stage 0N, and 1 (4 %) in stage 1. Between the reference and the vibration-exposed groups no differences in the platelet aggregation indices both "in vitro" (adenosine-diphosphate, epinephrine, threshold adenosine-diphosphate concentration) and "in vivo" (platelet factor four, beta-thromboglobulin) were found. In addition the clotting parameters (prothrombin index, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III) and the immunoglobulins G, A, and M were normal in the two groups. The measurement of skin temperature of the third right finger before and after the cold provocation test showed that the vibration exposed workers experienced a stronger vasoconstriction of the digital vessels than the referents. It is concluded that, in the early stages of vasospastic disorders, segmental vibration can induce peripheral vascular hyperreactivity without changes in the platelet function and clotting parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Platelet aggregation in hyperlipoproteinemias].

The Authors studied platelet aggregation in 42 hyperlipoproteinemic patients (10 with type IIA familiar, 7 with type IIA, 7 with type IIB, 18 with type IV and V). None of them suffered from clinically detectable vascular complications. The control group included 42 normolipoproteinemic subjects, closely matched for age and sex. Platelet aggregation, according Born's method, was statistically increased in hyperlipoproteinemia type IIA, but only when induced by epinephrine as aggregating agent. No statistical significance was demonstrated when hyperlipoproteinemic smokers and no smokers were compared. A positive family history of myocardial infarction and/or diabetes mellitus could be demonstrate affect on platelet aggregation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Platelet factor 3 and 4 in juvenile diabetes and in children of diabetic mothers].

We studied 91 children, distributed, as follows, in four groups: Group A, including 24 children (average age 11.4 +/- 0.7) with juvenile onset diabetes (duration less than 4 years), without any clinically apparent vascular disorder. Group B: 22 matched controls (average age 11.5 +/- 0.53). Group C: 25 newborns (average age 3.7 +/- 0.3) of diabetic mothers (B Group in P. White classification). Group D: 20 matched controls (average age 2.8 +/- 0.3). All were tested for total, HDL, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In all the subjects we performed: -- PF4 (by H.T.C.H., according O'Brien et al., 1975) on PPP and on PRP (300,000-350,000 platelets/microliters) after platelet aggregation with 4.0 10(-6)M epinephrine (Born's method). -- PF3 (b a Stypven time) on frozen-thawed (three times) PRP and on PRP after p.a. with 4.0 10(-6)M epinephrine. No statistically significant difference was noted in PF3 values between A-C groups and their respective control groups (B-D). PF4 was more represented on diabetic's PPP (group A), whilst no difference was noted after aggregation. This increase suggests in early juvenile onset diabetes, without any clinically apparent disease, an "in vivo" platelet activation, which may be important in thromboembolic disorders of diabetics.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Ostium secundum atrial septal defect: report of a case with atypical auscultatory findings (author's transl)].

The wide and persistent splitting of S2 is commonly considered the auscultatory hallmark of uncomplicated ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). We have recently observed a 31-year-old female with a variable splitting of S2 and a 2/6 systolic murmur at the second left intercostal space, who showed incomplete right bundle branch block on the ECG and normal heart shadow with increased pulmonary vascular markings on the chest film. Cardiac catheterization revealed an isolated ostium secundum atrial septal defect with significant left-to-right shunt, normal pulmonary pressures and normal ventricular function. Subsequently the patient underwent closure with patch of the ASD without complications. We feel our case is of interest since it demonstrates that the absence of a wide and persistent splitting of S2 in adults does not exclude the diagnosis of uncomplicated "ostium secundum" ASD, when ECG and x-ray findings suggest the disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of intermittent claudication with antiplatelet agents.

In a double-blind study, 296 patients with intermittent claudication (Fontaine stage II) were treated with 250 mg ticlopidine twice daily, 500 mg aspirin every third day plus 75 mg dipyridamole three times daily, or 300 mg xanthinol nicotinate three times daily for 6 months. Ticlopidine and aspirin/dipyridamole, but not xanthinol nicotinate, improved platelet aggregation, reduced beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor IV and fibrinopeptide A concentrations, and increased antithrombin III concentrations and red blood cell filterability. No changes in lipid profiles, platelet count or fibrinogen were recorded following any treatment. The doppler systolic blood pressure ratio was improved in patients treated with ticlopidine or aspirin/dipyridamole, but not with xanthinol nicotinate. It is concluded that antiplatelet treatment is useful for the treatment of limb arteriopathy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of noise on cortical mechanisms involved in the development of linguistic sounds].

So far studies about noise effects on speech perception have been focused on the development of hearing loss and other related pathologies. However, behavioral findings indicate that speech perception and intelligibility are disrupted in presence of noise in certain clinical groups in a way that is unpredictable on the basis of the audiogram performed in silence. This observation suggests that even soft noise can modify the cerebral mechanisms underlying speech information processing. Confirming the behavioral results, electric and magnetic brain measurements showed that noise presented to healthy subjects decreases the amplitude and increases the latency of brain responses to speech sounds. Recently, further experimental data allowed us to have a deeper knowledge of the neural mechanisms interventing in difficult listening conditions. In particolar, speech sounds presented in noisy background evoke bioelectric responses in neural populations located in the right cerebral hemisphere, that otherwise would not be activated. These findings can in future contribute to unveal new aspects of the noise pathology and its assessment in an early pre-clinical stage.

Cerebral Cortex↗