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S Caulet-Maugendre

Publications and source records attributed to S Caulet-Maugendre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of epidemiological, clinical, and biological features of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic and nonneutropenic patients: a 6-year survey.

BACKGROUND: Invasive aspergillosis is an opportunistic infection that occurs mainly among patients with prolonged neutropenia. Few data are available on invasive aspergillosis in nonneutropenic patients. METHODS: The aim of this survey was to compare neutropenic and nonneutropenic patients who had received a diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis at our institution during a 6-year period. RESULTS: Among the 88 cases of invasive aspergillosis analyzed here, 12 were histologically proven, 52 were probable, and 24 were possible. Forty-seven percent of cases were diagnosed in the intensive care unit, and 40% were diagnosed in hematology units. Neutropenia was a risk factor for 52 patients (59%), most of whom had hematological or solid malignancies. Among the 36 nonneutropenic patients (41%), the main underlying conditions were steroid-treated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, giant-cell arteritis, and microvascular disorders; 10 patients were recipients of solid-organ transplants, and 1 patient was seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. The distribution of proven and probable invasive aspergillosis was similar for neutropenic and nonneutropenic patients. The mortality rate was 71.5% overall and was significantly higher among nonneutropenic patients than among neutropenic patients (89% vs. 60%; P<.05). Compared with neutropenic patients, nonneutropenic patients were significantly less likely to have symptoms of invasive aspergillosis and more likely to have frequent intercurrent pneumonia due to another microorganism. The sensitivity of mycological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens was higher for nonneutropenic patients than for neutropenic patients (85% vs. 58%; P<.05), whereas the sensitivity of antigenemia was the same for the 2 populations (65% vs. 64%). Findings on thoracic computed tomographs were similar, except that segmental areas of consolidation occurred more frequently among neutropenic patients. CONCLUSION: This survey at a whole institution underlines the high number of cases of invasive aspergillosis among nonneutropenic patients, with an overall mortality rate that was significantly higher than that for neutropenic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Bronchial erosion of mediastinal lymphadenopathy associates with Hodgkin's disease].

INTRODUCTION: Erosion of mediastinal adenopathy into the bronchial tree is classically associated with tuberculosis. We describe two cases of of such bronchial erosion with Hodgkin's disease. CASE REPORT: The first case was of a seventy-year old man with a history of pulmonary silicosis. A sub-carenal mass was identified during investigation of chronic cough. The bronchoscopy revealed an inflammatory stenosis due to Hodgkin's disease. The second case was of a thirteen-year old child whose Hodgkin's disease was thought to be in remission following treatment. The erosion of mediastinal adenopathy into the main left bronchus produced complete left pulmonary atalectasis, which required endobronchial stenting. CONCLUSIONS: In both cases, rigid bronchoscopy provided a histological diagnosis with diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease in the first case, and identification of recurrence in the other one. These cases are unusual. Such complications are usually complications of radiotherapy. Classically, erosion of mediastinal adenopathy into the bronchial tree is tuberculous in origin but they can be neoplasic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Development and biodistribution of 188Re-SSS lipiodol following injection into the hepatic artery of healthy pigs.

Although intra-arterial radiotherapy with (131)I-labelled lipiodol is a useful therapeutic approach in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas, various disadvantages limit its use. Here we describe the development of (188)Re-SSS lipiodol, as well as its biodistribution in the healthy pig after injection into the hepatic artery. The (188)Re-SSS lipiodol was obtained after dissolving a chelating agent, previously labelled with (188)Re, in cold lipiodol. The radiochemical purity (RCP) of the labelling was checked immediately and at 24 and 48 h. The (188)Re-SSS lipiodol was injected into the hepatic artery of six healthy pigs. They were killed 1, 24 and 48 h post injection, for ex vivo counting. An autoradiographic study was performed in three cases. (188)Re-SSS lipiodol was obtained with a yield of 87%+/-9.1%. The immediate RCP was 93%+/-3.4%. This radiolabelling was reproducible and stable at 48 h in plasma: 90.6%+/-1.5% of the activity remained in the lipiodol with an RCP of 91%+/-4%. Ex vivo counting confirmed the predominantly hepatic uptake and revealed weak lung and intestinal uptake. There was very weak urinary elimination (2.3%+/-0.5% at 48 h) and a slightly higher level of intestinal elimination (4.8%+/-1.9% at 48 h). The autoradiographic studies showed (188)Re-SSS lipiodol to be located mainly in sinusoids, like (131)I-lipiodol. By using the method described here, (188)Re-SSS lipiodol can be obtained with a very high yield and a satisfactory RCP. Its biodistribution in the healthy pig is in agreement with data published elsewhere concerning other types of radiolabelling used for lipiodol, except for the very weak urinary and intestinal elimination, which probably indicates better stability of (188)Re-SSS labelling.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Enhancement of gelatinase activity during development of subepithelial fibrosis in a murine model of asthma.

BACKGROUND: Chronic asthma is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue remodelling leading to subepithelial fibrosis. Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in degradation of extracellular matrix in most chronic inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MMPs in the development of inflammatory processes associated or not with the concomitant development of subepithelial fibrosis in an experimental model of asthma. METHODS: Sensitized BP2 mice were challenged with ovalbumin (OA) every 2 weeks during 8 months. Several mice were removed once a month and bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) or lung biopsies were performed. RESULTS: Lung sections stained with picrosirius and hydroxyproline measurements showed a significant collagen deposition after 16 weeks of OA challenge, demonstrating the development of subepithelial fibrosis. Pulmonary inflammation was present from the first OA challenge and was consistent throughout the 8 months of the study. Moreover, an up-regulation and activation of MMP-9 and, to a less extent, MMP-2 were observed in BAL fluid from challenged mice. The level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 increased after 12 weeks of OA challenge vs. control mice. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that a decrease in the activation of the MMP-9 due to the increase in TIMP-1, could contribute to excessive collagen deposition following repeated antigen challenge in sensitized mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Lung macrophages and dendritic cells express HLA-G molecules in pulmonary diseases.

HLA-G is selectively expressed in extravillous trophoblast of human placenta, which does not express classical HLA-A and -B molecules. Several studies report the role of HLA-G as a molecule involved in immune tolerance. By interacting with NK and T cells inhibitory receptors, HLA-G may downregulate their cytotoxicity functions. To appreciate the biologic and clinical relevance of HLA-G expression in lung diseases, HLA class I and HLA-G expression were analyzed in a panel of 36 ex vivo neoplastic tissues and 8 non-neoplastic lung tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using a pan-HLA class I antibody (W6/32) and three different specific anti-HLA-G antibodies (87G, MEMG/9 and 4H84). These findings demonstrated that HLA-G products were not expressed in pulmonary structural cells. However, HLA-G molecules were detected in activated macrophages and dendritic cells infiltrating lung carcinomas (33%) and nontumoral pulmonary diseases (25%). HLA-G expression was not correlated with classical HLA alterations. No statistical correlation was found between HLA-G expression and clinical or biologic parameters except high tumor size. The expression of HLA-G in myelo-monocytic cells infiltrating lung pathologic tissues could alter antigenic presentation and contribute to decrease immune response efficiency, subsequently favoring the progression of tumoral or inflammatory processes.

Dendritic Cells↗
PubMed2002

[Tracheobronchial amyloidosis: apropos of 2 cases].

INTRODUCTION: Tracheo-bronchial amyloidosis is an uncommon localized form of amyloidosis. We report two new cases. EXEGESIS: Two patients had developed expiratory dyspnea for several months. CT-scan and flexible bronchoscopy confirmed tracheal narrowing and a diagnosis of tracheo-bronchial amyloidosis was made by tissue biopsies. The immunohistochemical type was AL in one case, undetermined in the other case. There was no argument for systemic involvement. The two patients benefited from bronchoscopic dilatation. This treatment improved clinical symptoms and pulmonary function tests with a follow up of 12 and 18 months respectively. CONCLUSION: Tracheo-bronchial amyloidosis is a localised form of amyloidosis with various respiratory symptoms. Diagnosis is made by CT-scan and flexible bronchoscopy that allows biopsies. Immunohistochemical type is more often AL. Recurrence, respiratory insufficiency and tracheo-bronchial metaplasia are the most important complications. Treatment consists of bronchoscopic dilatation or excision, and bronchoscopic laser-YAG. Pulmonary function testing allows precise follow-up.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Inhibition of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor batimastat.

Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis is known to be associated with the increased activity of two gelatinases, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). This study has investigated the effect of a synthetic inhibitor of MMP, batimastat, on the development of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin administration in mice. Animals were intranasally instilled with saline or bleomycin (0.5 mg in 100 microl per mouse). Batimastat (30 mg/kg) or vehicle alone was administered by intraperitoneal injection 24 h and 1 h before saline or bleomycin instillation, and then daily at the same dosage until the end of the study. Fifteen days after bleomycin administration, BAL was performed and the lung was removed. Treatment of mice with batimastat significantly reduced bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis, as shown in the lung by histopathological examination and by a decrease in hydroxyproline levels. Batimastat also prevented the increase in BAL macrophage and lymphocyte numbers, whereas it did not show any effect on the increased expression of active transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in BAL. Batimastat treatment was effective in reducing MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity as well as the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) level in BAL. These results suggest that administration of the MMP inhibitor batimastat is useful in preventing experimental pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin and raises the possibility of a therapeutic approach to human pulmonary fibrotic disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Repeated endotoxin exposure induces interstitial fibrosis associated with enhanced gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity.

BACKGROUND: Dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been implicated in lung injury associated with inflammatory disorders and several lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. OBJECTIVE: We studied a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chronic inflammation in order to analyse the relationship between MMP activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and collagen deposition in lung tissue. BP2 mice were exposed to repeated aerosols of LPS of E. coli for 8 months. RESULTS: The inflammatory reaction induced by LPS increased throughout the time of exposure and was associated after 10 weeks with collagen deposition in the alveolar walls. Meantime, we observed in BAL fluid from LPS-exposed mice an early induction of MMP-9 correlated with neutrophil recruitment. MMP-2 increased during the early inflammatory phase, and also during the development of the fibrotic phase. CONCLUSION: Repeated exposure of mice to an aerosol of LPS can lead to pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and MMPs seem to be associated with this process.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Blastic variant of mantle cell lymphoma: a rare but highly aggressive subtype.

The blastic variant (BV) form of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is considered to be a very aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In order to determine its clinico-biological features and response to therapy we studied 33 patients (17%) out of 187 suffering from MCL who were diagnosed with a BV of MCL. Blastic variant was diagnosed according to histopathological patterns, immunophenotyping, and bcl1 gene rearrangement and/or cyclin D1 overexpression. Three patients initially diagnosed with large cell NHL were classified as BV. Patients received front-line therapy including CHOP-like regimen or CVP (n = 29), or chlorambucil (n = 4) and CHOP or ESAP as second-line therapy. High-dose intensification with stem cell transplantation (SCT) was performed in 11 cases (autoSCT, n = 8; alloSCT, n = 3). All but two patients were in complete remission (CR) at the time of transplant (CR1, n = 5; CR2, n = 4). Clinical and biological characteristics did not differ from those of the common form of MCL. The median age was 62 years (29-80), with a sex ratio (M/F) of 2.6:1. Of the 33 patients, 66% had extranodal site involvement, 85% had an Ann Arbor stage IV, and 82% had peripheral lymphadenopathy. Circulating lymphomatous cells were seen in 48% of cases. Twelve patients (36%) entered a CR1 with a median duration of 11 months. Fifteen patients (46%) failed to respond and rapidly died of progressive disease. Second-line therapy led to a 26% (6/23) CR2 rate. Nine patients relapsed after high-dose therapy. Twenty-two of the 33 patients (66%) died of refractory or progressive disease. Median overall survival (OS) time was 14.5 months for the 33 BV patients as compared to 53 months for the 154 patients with a common form of MCL, P <0.0001. In the univariate analysis, OS was influenced by age, extranodal site involvement, circulating lymphomatous cells, and international prognosis index (IPI). In the multivariate analysis, only IPI affected OS: patients with IPI > or =2 had 8 months median OS as compared to 36 months median OS for patients with IPI <2, P = 0.003. Blastic variant is one of the worst forms of NHL. An improved recognition of BV of MCL is required, particularly in high-grade CD5+ NHL using immunophenotyping and bcl1 molecular study. Standard therapy using anthracycline or even high-dose intensification produce poor results and an alternative treatment should be proposed to such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Immunohistochemical expression of the intracellular component of galectin-8 in squamous cell metaplasia of the bronchial epithelium in neoplastic and benign processes.

Specified galectins are known to play a role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and migration. Po66, a mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibody produced by immunization against squamous cell cancer, reacts against a carbohydrate-binding protein (Po66-CBP), recently shown to be a member of the galectin family with a strong homology with galectin-8 (PCTA-1), identified as a human tumor-associated antigen. We studied Po66 in squamous metaplasia of the bronchi in order to determine whether it could be specifically involved in neoplastic conditions and if so, if it would be helpful in distinguishing metaplasia at risk of cancer. Twenty-eight formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues of 17 metaplasias with SCC, 3 metaplasia with distant neoplastic disease and 8 metaplasias with an inflammatory process, were immunostained using a streptavidin biotin peroxydase method. The squamous metaplasias were positively stained in non-neoplastic disease as well as in neoplastic processes. Expression was also observed in stromal and normal cells. Po66-CBP was not associated with a pre-neoplastic character. We discussed the expression of this intra-cellular component of galectin-8 according to the functions of galectins in cellular differentiation, host reaction against tumor, and inflammation.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2001

[Crohn's disease complicated by multiple and recurrent aseptic splenic abscesses].

We report a case of multiple aseptic splenic abscesses occurring in a woman with Crohn's disease for three years. All microbiological samples were negative. The diagnosis was suspected on abdominal echography and CT scan and confirmed on histologic examination of the splenectomy specimen. The evolution was marked by recurrence of fever and inflammatory syndrome, associated to transitory morphological abnormalities of the accessory spleen. Aseptic splenic abscesses recurrence was suspected. This case allows us to consider aseptic splenic abscesses as an extra-intestinal manifestation and not as a splenic localisation of Crohn's disease.

Abscess↗
PubMed2000

Modulation of HLA-G antigens expression in myelomonocytic cells.

As trophoblast cells and macrophages share cellular characteristics, we investigated the expression of HLA-G antigens during the myelomonocytic differentiation. Analyses with the 87G and 16G1 monoclonal antibodies demonstrated that HLA-G was not expressed in peripheral blood monocytes, in in vitro differentiated dendritic cells and macrophages, and in resident mononuclear phagocytes infiltrating healthy tissues. Conversely, activated macrophages and dendritic cells localized in tumoral biopsies of some lung carcinomas expressed HLA-G antigens. Induction of HLA-G expression at the cell surface of the monohistiocytic cell line U 937 with different cytokines strongly suggests that cytokines secreted during inflammation may be involved in this specific upregulation. Bronchoalveolar macrophages collected from patients suffering from acute HCMV pneumonitis also expressed HLA-G molecules. In vitro, we thus demonstrated that HLA-G antigens are produced during viral reactivation in the macrophages generated after allogeneic stimulation of HCMV latently infected monocytes. Our data suggest that inflammatory processes in lung tissues, like tumoral transformation and HCMV acute infection, are likely to induce HLA-G molecules in infiltrating macrophages and dendritic cells. The expression of molecules capable of downregulating both the innate and adoptive immunity could be a mechanism that helps tumoral and HCMV infected cells to escape immune response.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[Primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma: a case report].

We report a case of primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma in a 52-year-old woman. The diagnosis was established after radical right pneumonectomy, mainly based on immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy findings. This type of tumor is rare in adults. Its primary origin is suggested when a pulmonary meta-stasis of rhabdomyosarcoma from another site or a component of a mixed tumor are ruled out. The best treatment is surgery. The prognosis is poor.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[An uncommon tumor of the urinary bladder: the small cell carcinoma].

Primary small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is an uncommon tumor, compared to the frequency of urothelial tumors. Fifty percent of cases are combined with a non endocrine carcinomatous component. We report six new cases of this tumor, three of pure, and three associated with an urothelial carcinoma. Diagnosis is easy established by the immunohistochemical study which show the neuro-endocrine differentiation of these aggressive tumors. Pathologist needs to look for a neuro-endocrine part in all bladder cancer, as its presence modify the treatment. Chemotherapy is used in these cancers, due to their high metastatic power. Places of radical surgery and radiotherapy need to be specified.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Vertebrate galectins: structure and function, role in tumoral process].

Galectins are proteins structurally related to the lectin family. They share, with lectins, the ability to bind carbohydrate residues. Galectins are suspected to mediate several biological functions such as embryonic development growth, immune response and apoptosis. Their role is similar to that of adhesion molecules in cell to cell or to matrix interactions. Their contribution to human carcinogenesis has been suggested from experimental studies. In clinical research, they could be used as a differentiation marker, particularly in thyroid carcinomas and in certain lymphomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

HLA-G protein expression is not induced during malignant transformation.

To evaluate the biological relevance of HLA-G expression during tumoral transformation, we analyzed its expression in different malignant cells and immune effector cells infiltrating solid tumors. Our analysis of 33 tumor cell lines and 53 tumoral biopsies demonstrated that: i) six tumor cell lines display HLA-G transcription with differential alternative splicing patterns and only Jeg3 choriocarcinoma and MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cell lines express HLA-G translated products; and ii) HLA-G antigens are not expressed in malignantly transformed cells derived from lung (n=18), liver (n=5), colon (n=5), breast (n=10), kidney (n=5), ovary (n=5), and larynx (n=5) tissues ex vivo. The healthy tissues surrounding these tumor tissues do not express HLA-G molecules either. On the other hand, surprisingly, HLA-G products were detected in activated macrophages and dendritic cells localized in tumoral biopsies of 5 out of 18 different lung carcinomas. No HLA-G labelling was observed in resident mononuclear phagocytes of surrounding healthy tissues. Our observations clearly demonstrate that HLA-G is not a marker of malignant cells but appears as a gene expressed in tumor-associated macrophages and dendritic cells, preferentially in those recruited in lung carcinomas. Our findings suggest that specific environmental factors around lung tumors could be involved in the induction of HLA-G protein expression.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1998

Primary central nervous system lymphomas in 72 immunocompetent patients: pathologic findings and clinical correlations. Groupe Ouest Est d'étude des Leucénies et Autres Maladies du Sang (GOELAMS)

We reviewed 72 primary central nervous system lymphomas occurring in immunocompetent patients. The cases were reviewed for clinical data, histology, immunophenotype, bcl-2 and p53 expression, and Epstein-Barr virus association. Follow-up was available for 40 patients included in the Groupe Ouest Est d'étude des Leucénies et Autres Maladies du Sang (GOELAMS) lymphomes cérébraux primitifs (LCP 88) trial. Each diagnosis, requiring a consensus among at least 3 pathologists, was performed according to the recent Revised European-American Lymphoma classification and equivalents in the updated Kiel classification. Tumors were predominantly classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. There were 3 T-cell lymphomas and 1 Hodgkin lymphoma. The proteins bcl-2 and p53 were expressed in 35% and 16% of the tested cases, respectively. Epstein-Barr virus was not found by in situ hybridization except in the case classfied as a cerebral localization of Hodgkin disease. No significant association was found between subtypes, bcl-2 or p53 expression, and patient survival. From the standpoint of their biologic characteristics, primary central nervous system lymphomas are very similar to systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. In contrast to AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphomas, primary central nervous system lymphomas are rarely associated with Epstein-Barr virus and in immunocompetent patients they express bcl-2 at a relatively low rate.

Adult↗