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Biomedical subjects

S Chander

Publications and source records attributed to S Chander.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

BLV-antibodies in serial sampling over five years in a bovine leukosis herd.

The sequential monthly bleedings of bovine leukosis herd animals showed that a majority of the animals was positive for BLV-antibodies at the age of 1 1/2 years or over and remained reactors throughout the observation period. Two phases of BLV-antibodies were observed in the calves born in the herd. In the first phase the calves remained reactors for two to seven months, indicating residual maternal antibodies acquired through colostrum. In the second phase, the animals became permanent reactors reflecting an active concomitant infection with BLV. The degree of spread of BLV infection among the leukosis herd animals appeared to depend upon the ratio between reactors and negative animals.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Bovine lymphosarcoma in twin calves.

Lymphosarcoma in twin female calves, apparently the first to be observed in Canada, is reported here. Peripheral blood and cultured mononuclear cells of one of the calves showed aneuploidy of the chromosomes. No hematological or serological evidence of bovine leukemia virus infection was observed in the other members of the herd. Bovine leukemia virus infection of the leukemic cells could not be detected by electron microscopy or by tissue culture procedures. There is a need to clarify the relationship of the calf form of the disease to the adult form of enzootic bovine leukosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of radioimmunoprecipitation for the detection of bovine leukemia virus infection in domestic cattle.

The potential application of a recently developed radioimmunoprecipitation test for antibody directed against the major structural protein of bovine leukemia virus was evaluated for use in detection of BLV-infection in domestic cattle. This technique was found to be considerably more sensitive than serologic procedures currently being utilized for this purpose. Radioimmunoprecipitation was also shown to have distinct advantages as compared to hematologic criteria, such as specified by Bendixen's index, for identification of BLV-infected animals. By the use of radioimmunoprecipitation, high levels of antibody to BLV were demonstrated in sera of animals with confirmed adult lymphosarcoma, but not in animals with a less common sporadic form of the disease which occurs in calves.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Bovine leukosis. IV. Trypanosomiasis, lymphocytosis and DNA synthesis.

The possible influence of natural trypanosome infection on lymphocytosis and DNA synthesizing lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood was determined on 220 cows from two leukosis herds and 25 cows from leukosis free control herd. Trypanosome incidences were determined during summers of 1969 and 1970 by inoculating whole blood onto blood agar slants and incubating at room temperature. Incidence of trypanosomiasis in cattle was found to be variable, possibly due to factors affecting the primary isolation of Trypanosoma theileri. A small trypanosome resembling Trypanosoma uniforme was found occasionally as a concomitant infection with T. theileri. Trypanosomiasis occurred with equal frequency in the animals of the leukosis and the control herds. No correlations were noted between trypanosomiasis, lymphocytosis and DNA synthesizing lymphocytes in peripheral circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Investigation of factors of probable significance in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis in cattle.

Six groups of ten beef calves six to eight months of age were shipped from western Canada and observed untreated for one week after arrival. The following parameters were measured daily: body temperature, plasma fibrinogen, nasal bacterial mean colony counts of Pasteurella hemolytica and Pasteurella multocida, total and differential leukoyte counts, packed cell volumes and the following, twice during the week: serum and nasal antibody titres to P. hemolytica and parainfluenza-3 virus. The lungs from 44 of the calves were obtained at post mortem and given a numerical score based on the degree of pneumonia present. Animals were designated SICK and WELL according to body temperature and plasma fibrinogen. The SICK animals had higher nasal mean colony counts of P. hemolytica than the WELL animals. The SICK animals had lower levels of serum antibody to P. hemolytica than the WELL on day 1 but had a greater rise in titre over the week than did the WELL animals. Both groups were similar with regard to serum antibody to parainfluenza-3 virus and there was little change in these titres. The SICK animals had a much greater degree of pneumonia than the WELL. The values of some of the parameters were combined with the data of previously studied animals in order to provide a comparison of SICK and WELL with larger numbers of animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Bovine leukosis. I. Seasonal influences on lymphocytosis.

The influence of seasons on lymphocytosis status of 321 mature cows from two leukosis herds and a leukosis free control herd was investigated. Animals were bled at three to four month intervals and classifed according to the Göttingen leukosis key as lymphocytosis negative, suspect or positive. The percentage distribution of different hematological classes of animals fluctuated greatly between bleedings, however "persistent lymphocytosis" in animals of leukosis herds was noted to be a constant feature and was not influenced by seasonal variations. The study indicates that 1) multiple samplings are necessary for differentiating between transient and persistent lymphocytosis; 2) caution should be exercised in pooling data from different leukosis herds as these may not be samples from a single leukosis population.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1974

Bovine leukosis. II. Comparison of hematological classification with DNA synthesis between herds.

Blood samples of 126 mature cows with "persistent" hematological status from two leukosis herds and a leukosis free control herd were collected for determining hematological status and estimation of replicating lymphocytes. To quantitate the number of DNA synthesizing cells, the blood was incubated with tritiated thymidine in vitro followed by autoradiography. Classification of animals according to lymphocytosis status did not reveal clearly whether or not a difference existed between the two leukosis herds. The estimation of DNA synthesizing lymphocyte counts showed that the animals from the two leukosis herds did not differ from each other while differing significantly from control herd animals. The study suggests that the similarities between the two leukosis herds, while ambiguous on lymphocyte counts alone, become clear when DNA synthesizing cell counts are compared. Thus the animals of the two leukosis herds belonged to the same "leukosis" population.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1974

Bovine leukosis III. Relationship between lymphocytosis and DNA synthetic lymphocytes.

The relationship between lymphocytosis and cell counts of lymophocytes synthesizing DNA in peripheral blood of 321 mature cows from two leukosis herds and a control herd and 11 cows with leukotic tumors was investigated. Only data from 20 control herd and 109 leukosis herd animals which remained persistently in either negative or suspect or positive hematological class on repeated bleedings were utilized. In the leukotic cattle these studies were limited to the terminal stages of the disease.A positive correlation was noted between the number of DNA synthesizing lymphocytes and lymphocytosis. Corresponding increases in peripheral blood lymphocytes and in the numbers of DNA synthesizing lymphocytes of leukotic cattle and animals of leukosis herds was attributed to impaired lymphocytopoiesis. The evaluation of the control herd and of the leukosis herds was not clear-cut on the basis of lymphocyte counts alone, although the differences were more clearly defined when the data from hematological studies and estimation of DNA synthesizing lymphocytes were evaluated. The Göttingen bovine leukosis key classification in conjunction with the estimation of DNA synthesizing cells was found to be a reliable procedure for the early recognition of the leukosis herds but not leukotic individuals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary gastric lymphoma: role of computed tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) has been suggested as an alternative to surgery for predicting the stage and resectability of primary gastric lymphoma. It is our policy to perform CT scan on all patients and the decision to explore is based upon CT findings. We reviewed our experience to see if any changes were warranted. 12 patients with primary gastric lymphoma underwent CT scanning. The CT findings were compared with the pathological findings available for 10 patients. CT correctly staged 90 per cent of the patients and it obviated unnecessary exploratory surgery in 42 per cent of the patients. It permitted the planning of non-excisional therapy in 75 per cent of the patients and was useful as an indicator of response to therapy and as a follow up measure.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary functions and their correlation with anthropomorphic parameters in young adults of Haryana (India).

Pulmonary functions in 169 young males of Haryana were studied with the help of a water seal spirometer and Wright's peak flow meter. Different parameters analysed were FVC, FEV1%, P.F.R., MVV, and expiratory flow rates between 25-50%, 25-75% and 50-75% of FVC. Our mean values are well comparable with those of Indian workers but less than those reported by Western workers. Pulmonary functions correlate better with physical parameters, height arm span and upper segment than with age. Correlation coefficient (r) values of FVC and anthropomorphic parameters are +0.7953, +0.3835, +0.3566 and +0.0992 with arm span, upper segment, height and age respectively. These values of pulmonary functions in healthy adults when compared with those obtained from patients suffering from chronic obstructive lung disease, it was observed that expiratory flow rates may be more useful in the detection of pulmonary changes in obstructive lung diseases at an early and reversible stage.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical characterisation and quantitative evaluation of lymphomononuclear cells in dilated cardiomyopathy-an endomyocardial biopsy study.

Endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) from patients of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and normal hearts were evaluated for infiltration by lymphomononuclear cells. Cryostat sections from cases of DCM were stained with antisera against leucocyte common antigen (LCA), Pan T lymphocytes and macrophages. Paraffin sections from patients of DCM and normal hearts were also stained with a panel of antisera against LCA, and macrophage markers namely, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). The stained cells were quantitated and expressed as number of cells/mm2. Comparisons were made between the number of lymphomononuclear cells in hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and those stained by various markers. Light microscopic evaluation of paraffin sections of EMB in all cases of DCM showed mild to moderate hypertrophy of the myocardium in 20 and 10 patients respectively. Only mild focal myonecrosis was observed in 14 patients. These foci showed minimal infiltration by lymphomononuclear cells. In normal hearts, occasional small foci of lymphomononuclear cells were seen within the interstitium. The number of LCA positive cells in the frozen section from cases of DCM were more (7.03 +/- 3.15/mm2) than the number of cells in the corresponding paraffin sections (5.26 +/- 1.14/mm2), thus indicating that antigens are possibly better preserved in frozen sections. In normal hearts, the number of cells staining positively with LCA were almost identical (4.81 +/- 1.14/mm2) to those seen in paraffin sections of cases of DCM (5.26 +/- 1.61/mm2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗