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S Chutivongse

Publications and source records attributed to S Chutivongse.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A multicentre comparative study of serum lipids and lipoproteins in four groups of oral combined contraceptive users and a control group of IUD users. World Health Organization. Task Force on Oral Contraceptives.

A prospective clinical trial was conducted in three centres to assess the effects of the type and dose of progestogen, the dose of estrogen and the progestogen-to-estrogen ratio of oral contraceptives on lipid metabolism. The preparations selected contained levonorgestrel 250 micrograms + ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms (Neogynon), levonorgestrel 250 micrograms + ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms (Eugynon 30), levonorgestrel 150 micrograms + ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms (Microgynon) or norethisterone acetate 1 mg + ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms (Minovlar). Four-hundred-and-seven premenopausal women were randomly assigned to one of the four pill groups and compared to a control group of 119 users of a CuT220c intrauterine device. Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and total triglycerides were monitored and the analysis includes the data of those who were followed over 48 weeks, 241 OC users and 87 IUD users. 250 micrograms of levonorgestrel were found to induce more unfavourable lipid changes in terms of atherosclerotic risk than 1mg of norethisterone acetate. Levonorgestrel was found to have a dose-effect on HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol serum levels, while ethinyl estradiol had a dose-effect on serum triglycerides. HDL-cholesterol was related to the progestogen-to-estrogen ratio. Most of these findings were consistent across centres. Finally, some comments are made on the implications of the study results on the design of future lipid studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Epidemiology of human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Bangkok, 1984-1986.

A study was conducted to determine the current situation of human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Bangkok for the period 1984-1986. A review of all Bangkok residents receiving PEP at the Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute revealed an increasing incidence rate of PEP from 10.1 cases per 10,000 persons in 1984 to 12.6 cases per 10,000 persons in 1986. The highest incidence rate was observed in young males aged 5-14 years. About 68% of individuals receiving PEP had exposures to bites, especially by dogs, and nearly 30% of PEP cases were due to non-bite exposures. Dogs were responsible for 90% of PEP cases, of which 59% were exposed to stray dogs. Exposure to domestic dogs and cats constituted about 36% of PEP. Approximately 55% of persons received PEP for exposures to animal sources not proven rabid. To reduce the number of PEP, the programme should be directed towards the swift reduction of susceptible animals, which can be achieved by effective elimination of stray dogs and immunization of domestic dogs and cats. Massive health education to the public emphasizing the importance of prevention and control of rabies should be undertaken. The programme for control of rabies can be effective if there is an increased awareness and cooperation among professional people, health personnel, and other people in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is injection of contaminated animal bite wounds with rabies immune globulin a safe practice?

In Asia, it is still controversial whether it is safe to inject a contaminated animal bite wound with a foreign protein such as equine or human rabies immune globulin, even though this is recommended by the World Health Organization. A prospective study of 114 severe animal bite wounds which were injected with equine or human rabies immune globulin revealed an overall incidence of gross infection of 11.4%. No matched control group of patients bitten by animals whose wounds were not injected with immune globulin could be studied in this environment with a high prevalence of canine rabies. The incidence of wound infection in lacerations inflicted by sharp objects and sutured under local anaesthesia was therefore studied prospectively in 100 Thai patients from a similar socio-economic milieu; it was found to be 13%. Wound infection was more common in animal bites and lacerations of the lower extremities. It is concluded that injecting a properly cleansed bite wound with equine or human rabies immune globulin is a safe practice and should be performed whenever there is a possibility that the biting animal might have rabies.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rabies in Thailand: 1990.

Of the more than 100,000 courses of postexposure rabies treatment given in Thailand annually, 95% consist of brain tissue-derived vaccine without immune globulin. Rabies tissue culture vaccines and immune globulins are expensive by the standards of developing countries. When they are given according to either of two proven intradermal postexposure schedules, significant savings can be achieved without loss of efficacy. Purified equine rabies immune globulins account for approximately 10% of the cost of human products administered to exposed individuals and have been shown to be safe and effective. A canine preexposure immunogenicity study with a potent, inactivated tissue culture vaccine revealed that 12.5% of Thai dogs failed to develop protective antibody titers 2 months after one subcutaneous injection. Previous studies have shown significant antigenic differences between Thai street rabies virus and European and North African strains.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of frequent nonoxynol-9 use on the vaginal and cervical mucosa.

The authors conducted a single-dose phase I local toxicity study of the effects of frequent insertion of nonoxynol-9 (N-9) on the lower genital tract to determine whether a phase II dose-ranging study is warranted. Fourteen women used 150 mg of N-9 cumulatively four times a day for 14 days. Epithelial disruption of the cervix and vagina, the main outcome of interest, occurred in 43% (95% CI, 18-71%) of women on this high-frequency use schedule. None of the women experienced symptoms that prompted them to discontinue the study. This preliminary study indicates that a phase II study to examine the local toxicity of different use schedules is needed to provide further safety information about the use of N-9.

Cervix Uteri↗