New dispute over royalties for HIV test.
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Biomedical subjects
S Connor
Publications and source records attributed to S Connor.
Current perception thresholds in ageing.
We studied 40 healthy elderly and 31 healthy young volunteers and 25 elderly diabetic and 37 young diabetic patients. All subjects received detailed neurological examinations focusing particularly on sensory symptom and physical evaluations. Standardized assessment of symptoms and physical testing of light touch, pain, vibratory and thermal sensation were performed at the hand, wrist, elbow, foot, ankle and knee. The total symptom score (SS) and the total physical score (PS) were defined by summing test scores at each site. Current perception threshold (CPT) testing using constant current sine wave alternating current was completed at the same anatomical sites. CPT findings did not differ significantly between young and old healthy subjects. Older diabetic patients had higher CPTs than younger diabetic patients, but the severity of clinical diabetic neuropathy was greater in the older group. CPTs correlated with the degree of clinical diabetic neuropathy (r = 0.47 with SS and r = 0.60 with PS) rather than with age (r = 0.12). We conclude that current perception does not decline with age. Nor does ageing by itself worsen CPT values in patients with neuropathy. CPT testing is easily performed, clinically applicable and the first objective sensory measure not affected by the process of ageing.
Adult↗
Determination of chlorinated dibenzofurans and dibenzo-p-dioxins in polychlorinated biphenyl fire combustion products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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Benzofurans↗
Chemical-exchange and paramagnetic T2 relaxation agents for water suppression in spin-echo proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of biological fluids.
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Body Fluids↗
Spin-echo proton NMR spectroscopy of urine samples. Water suppression via a urea-dependent T2 relaxation process.
Spin-echo methods have been used to effect solvent suppression during the collection of 400 and 500 MHz 1H NMR spectra of urine samples containing urea in the concentration range 0.7-1.2 M. There was a marked trough of water Tobs2 values in the pH range 2.6 to 4.1, due to acid-catalyzed proton exchange between urea and the solvent water. Minimum values of Tobs2 (9 ms at 500 MHz) of water were obtained at about pH 3.2 in urine samples containing 1.2 M urea. However, good solvent suppression factors were obtained with endogenous urea concentrations of only 0.7 M. There was a strong field dependence on the water, T2, over the pH range 2 to 4. Attenuation of the water signal was estimated to be at least an order of magnitude greater at 500 MHz rather than at 400 MHz. Using the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill spin-echo pulse sequence, water signals broader than 13 Hz were attenuated by factors of greater than 10(3), and factors of greater than 10(4) were possible with water linewidths greater than 20 Hz, thus allowing the signals from metabolites in the sample to be efficiently digitized. This approach allowed metabolite signals at or near the water resonance to be observed without serious distortion of their intensities. The utility of this approach to solvent suppression in real systems is illustrated by observation of paracetamol and benzyl penicillin metabolites in human urine samples.
Humans↗
Polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs), p,p'-DDE and hexachlorobenzene in human milk in three areas of upstate New York.
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Chlorobenzenes↗
Improvements in glass capillary gas chromatographic polychlorobiphenyl analysis.
Separation of a 1:1:1:1 calibration mixture of Aroclors 1221, 1016, 1254, and 1260 on soda glass capillaries coated with Apolane (C-87) or Apiezon L is described. Polychlorobiphenyl congener structures are assigned to 112 separated and partially separated zones. The quantitative composition of Aroclor 1221 is reported. The performance of the two stationary phases on different lengths of laboratory and commercially prepared capillaries is compared and found to be very similar. Aroclors 1221, 1016, 1254, and 1260 are employed (1:1:1:1) for the primary calibration mixture because they contain all components of the commercial materials which pollute the environment; they are also easily obtained from the U.S. EPA Repository so that the method can be used in any laboratory by employing the calibration data given here.
Chromatography, Gas↗
Occurrence of cold agglutinins in congenital scoliosis.
Eighty-seven patients undergoing spinal surgery for a variety of conditions were surveyed for the presence of cold agglutinins. Patients with congenital scoliosis or metastatic lesions of the spine were found to have a frequency of cold agglutinins that was 250 to 1000 times greater than that in the general population. This greater frequency was independent of ABO blood group, sex, or age. Pre-admission screening of congenital scoliosis patients is urged.
ABO Blood-Group System↗
Type A behavior and physiologic coronary risk factors in children of the family heart study: results from a 1-year follow-up.
Although Type A behavior is recognized as an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, little is known about its antecedents. The present study investigated relationships of Type A behavior as assessed by the Hunter-Wolf rating scale to physiologic coronary risk factors in children ranging from 8 to 15 years of age. In addition, gender differences and the stability of Type A behavior and physiologic risk factors were examined. Consistent with data based on adult samples, Type A behavior was generally unrelated to physiologic coronary risk factors and appears to be as stable as the other risk factors. There were no gender differences in either Type A behavior or other coronary risk factors.
Adolescent↗