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Biomedical subjects

S Cortés

Publications and source records attributed to S Cortés.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Cauda syndrome due to spinal stenosis and diskytis in two different spinal levels. Diagnosis using myelo-TC].

We report a case of a 75 year old man presenting with paraparesis, urinary incontinence and saddle anesthesia evolving after several months and severe lumbalgia and bad general status which developed fewdays before admission. CT-scan showed spondilosis with lytic lesion at L5-S1 level. MR1 was not performed because the patient had a pacemaker. A myelo-CT study was performed showing a complete stop at L4-L5 level together with L5-S1 diskytis. Laminectomy of L5 and discectomy L5-S1 was performed obtaining tissue sample diagnostic of diskytis and osteomyelitis. Our patient had two lesions at two different levels with two independent syndromic appearence. Myelo-CT played an important diagnostic role in this case because MRI study could not be obtained.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Tobacco cembranoids block behavioral sensitization to nicotine and inhibit neuronal acetylcholine receptor function.

Cembranoids are cyclic diterpenoids found in tobacco and in marine invertebrates. The present study established that tobacco cembranoids inhibit behavioral sensitization to nicotine in rats and block several types of nicotine acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). 1) At the behavioral level, rat locomotor activity induced by nicotine was significantly increased after seven daily nicotine injections. This sensitization to nicotine was blocked by mecamylamine (1 mg/kg) and by the cembranoids eunicin, eupalmerin acetate (EUAC), and (4R)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4-6-diol (4R), each at 6 mg/kg. None of these compounds modified locomotor activity of nonsensitized rats. 2) In cells expressing human AChRs, cembranoids blocked carbamoylcholine-induced (86)Rb(+) flux with IC(50) in the low micromolar range. The cell lines used were the SH-EP1-halpha4beta2 cell line heterologously expressing human alpha4beta2-AChR, the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma line naturally expressing human ganglionic alpha3beta4-AChR, and the TE671/RD cell line naturally expressing embryonic muscle alpha1beta1gammadelta-AChR. The tobacco cembranoids tested were 4R and its diastereoisomer 4S, and marine cembranoids tested were EUAC and 12,13-bisepieupalmerin. 3) At the molecular level, tobacco (4R and 4S) and marine (EUAC) cembranoids blocked binding of the noncompetitive inhibitor [(3)H]tenocyclidine to AChR from Torpedo californica electric organ. IC(50) values were in the submicromolar to low-micromolar range, with 4R displaying an order of magnitude higher potency than its diastereoisomer, 4S.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Use of a PGU1 recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain in oenological fermentations.

AIM: The aim of this work was the construction of an oenological Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain able to overexpress the PGU1 gene in order to be used in trial fermentations. METHODS AND RESULTS: The recombinant strain is able to secrete an active endopolygalacturonase into the medium leaving its fermentation ability essentially unchanged. Wines obtained with the recombinant strain and the untransformed counterpart did not differ in their physicochemical parameters or major sensory characteristics. The time needed for wine filtration was dramatically reduced in wines elaborated with the PGU1 recombinant strain, and was comparable to the filtration time shown by wines elaborated from must supplemented with fungal pectolytic enzymes. CONCLUSIONS: The oenological strain constructed in this work secretes an endopolygalacturonase into the wine in an efficient manner, resulting in an improvement in wine filtration but preserving wine typicality and keeping the methanol levels unchanged. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The PGU1 recombinant strains could be used in oenological fermentations as an alternative to commercial pectolytic enzymes of fungal origin.

Fermentation↗
PubMed1994

Facial and perioral molluscum contagiosum in patients with HIV infection. A report of eight cases.

Facial and perioral molluscum contagiosum is a common and often disfiguring condition in patients with HIV infection. The purpose of this study was to report on the clinical aspects of eight HIV-positive patients with facial molluscum contagiosum. Also we describe the histopathologic and electron microscopic findings and discuss the treatment modalities for this unusual disease.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerebral neuroblastomas: diagnosis and treatment].

AIMS: To review the literature on cerebral neuroblastomas (CN), including their anatomopathological filiation, clinical characteristics together with those they display in imaging studies, and the different therapeutic options with their prognosis. METHOD: Cerebral neuroblastomas belong to the group of primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNET), also known as cerebral meduloblastomas or supratentorial PNET. They originate in the supratentorial compartment and histologically they are in the WHO grade IV. They display unspecific clinical features and in imaging studies they behave like solid masses with a cystic or necrotic component, often with calcifications. Microscopically they are made up of undifferentiated or poorly differentiated neuroepithelial cells. CN express synaptophysin and other neuroendocrine markers, which can only be studied by performing neuronal differentiation analyses. First choice treatment is surgery performed as radically as possible associated with chemotherapy or whole brain radiotherapy. Results vary greatly according to age and the degree to which the lesion has spread. Worse prognoses have been described for children under 2 years old than for those above that age. Survival rate at 3 years of age, including paediatric patients, is 60%. CONCLUSIONS: CN are not very frequent tumours, whose clinical characteristics and those displayed by imaging techniques are unspecific. Treatment must involve radical excision associated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Space-occupying cerebellar infarcts: surgical or conservative treatment?].

INTRODUCTION: Space-occupying cerebellar infarcts (SOCI) make up a subgroup within the ischemic pathologies of the brain which are generally well tolerated clinically and usually respond well to medical treatment. Yet, in some cases, due to their volume and localisation, they can be accompanied by a progressive deterioration that requires surgical treatment. We report the clinical cases of two patients with SOCI that illustrate both therapeutic alternatives. CASE REPORTS: We describe the case of a 65-year-old male patient with vertiginous syndrome, inability to walk and headache. Computerised axial tomography (CAT) scanning showed a SOCI in the left hemisphere that displaced the 4th ventricle, effaced the cisterns and gave rise to the hydrocephalus. The patient improved clinically with medical treatment and a week later was able to walk unaided. We also describe the case of a 75-year-old female patient with symptoms of deterioration in the level of consciousness. CAT and magnetic resonance scans showed an extensive SOCI in the right hemisphere with displacement of the 4th ventricle, effacement of the perimesencephalic cisterns and triventricular hydrocephalus. A suboccipital craniectomy was performed, along with excision of any necrotic material and duroplasty. At 24 h the patient expressed herself coherently and followed orders. She presented ataxia and dysmetry on the right-hand side following the operation, which were compensated with rehabilitating therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our clinical case reports illustrate the alternatives available when dealing with patients with cerebellar infarct that show expanding clinical-radiological characteristics. These patients must be carefully controlled because of the risk of clinical deterioration, in which case timely surgical intervention can increase their survival.

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