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Biomedical subjects

S D Nathanson

Publications and source records attributed to S D Nathanson.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Acute effects of orally administered levamisole on random monocyte motility and chemotaxis in man.

Cellular immune functions were studied in patients with early bladder cancer 2 hours after ingestion of either levamisole or a placebo. Random monocyte motility was significantly increased (P less than 0.025) in 13 of 17 patients receiving levamisole. Monocyte chemotaxis was significantly increased (P less than 0.025) in 16 of the 17 patients. Random monocyte motility and monocyte chemotaxis did not change in either 8 patients on the placebo or in 15 normal controls. Monocytes from normal donors showed increased random motility and chemotaxis after incubation with levamisole in vitro. These results indicated that increases in peripheral blood monocyte motility followed oral administration of levamisole. Kinetic studies indicated that these effects were rapid in onset and short lived.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Two-step separation of human peripheral blood monocytes on discontinuous density gradients of colloidal silica-polyvinylpyrrolidinone.

Normal human peripheral blood monocytes were purified by a two-step separation. The first step, the standard Ficoll--Hypaque (F--H) buoyant density centrifugation, yielded mainly mononuclear cells, of which 24 +/- 9% were monocytes. Isopycnic centrifugation on discontinuous gradients of colloidal silica polyvinylpyrrolidinone (CS-PVP) further separated these mononuclear cells. The density interface between 1.070 and 1.060 g/ml yielded 82 +/- 7% monocytes, 5 +/- 4% granulocytes and 13 +/- 8% lymphocytes. Sixty-six percent of the monocytes obtained after F--H separation were recovered in this layer. The monocytes were intact and viable and retained their ability to phagocytose and kill Candida pseudotropicalis and to spread on glass coverslips. Motility (both random and towards a chemoattractant) was retained but was quantitatively less than after F--H separation alone. The relative purity of the monocyte population allowed assessment of major histocompatibility surface antigens by serotyping. This confirmed the presence of HLA and Ia-like antigens on monocytes.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is there a role for clinical prognostic factors in staging patients with colorectal cancer?

The clinician treating colorectal cancer (CRC) should be able to predict which patients will live and which will die from their tumor. Many prognostic variables, significant in retrospective analyses, are never formally used in staging. The resultant imperfection of clinical predictions of survival are probably directly related to the relative inaccuracy of the staging system, a system inevitably dependent entirely on pathologic criteria. Potentially valuable clinical variables, sometimes associated with better or worse outcome despite the pathologic stage of disease, could improve the accuracy of prediction. Evolution to better clinico-pathologic staging systems would also help to better stratify patients in prospective randomized trials of new adjuvant therapeutic modalities.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of lymph node and pulmonary metastases after local irradiation and hyperthermia of footpad melanomas.

C57BL/6 mice with syngeneic B16-F10 melanomas were treated 7 days after tumor inoculation into the footpad with local hyperthermia (HT) of 43.5 degrees C for 90 min. A combination of local 30 Gy X-irradiation (XRT) given 2, 4 or 12 h after HT cured the primary tumor in 34/35 mice, with irreversible damage to normal foot tissues in most of the animals. When 7.5, 10 or 15 Gy XRT were delivered 4, 18 or 24 h after HT, there were only a small number of cures and also a much smaller incidence of irreversible normal tissue damage. HT alone resulted in a significant (P less than 0.001) increase in metastases to regional lymph nodes (RLN) and the lungs. The 'curative' doses of combined XRT and HT resulted in a significant (P less than 0.001) decrease in metastasis to RLN and to the lungs. Conversely, subcurative doses of combined therapy resulted in an increase in RLN and lung metastasis (P less than 0.001). Abdominal lymph node metastasis, not usually seen in control mice, is markedly increased after HT alone or in combination with subcurative XRT (P less than 0.001). The overall survival of mice treated with HT alone is decreased (P less than 0.0028). The survival of mice treated with HT followed 4, 18 or 24 h later with 10 Gy XRT is further decreased (P less than 0.0025). These data show that subcurative HT, or XRT plus HT, increases the incidence of spontaneous metastasis in this syngeneic mouse melanoma model. Curative doses prevent this effect on metastasis, but there is an unacceptable incidence of irreversible damage to the tumor-bearing foot. The cause(s) of this phenomenon are not known.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemotactic activity present in liver extracellular matrix.

A selective pattern of metastasis, not accountable by a simple mechanical trapping mechanism, is exhibited by many primary tumors and appears to be controlled by properties of both the tumor cell and the host organ. This organotropism may be regulated, in part, by the migration of an invading tumor cell toward chemotactic factors present in the extracellular matrix which may be released as a result of proteolytic digestion. To test this hypothesis we have examined 4 M guanidine extracts of liver extracellular matrix, prepared by high salt extraction, for organ-specific chemotactic activity. The murine cell lines B16-L4b and M5076, which preferentially metastasize to the liver in an experimental metastasis model, demonstrated preferential motility toward the liver matrix extract while the lung-colonizing lines B16, B16-F10 and B16-BL6 did not. The liver specific chemotactic activity eluted as four fractions of Mr much less than 250,000, Mr approximately 245,000, Mr approximately 120,000 and Mr approximately 30,000 by gel filtration chromatography.

Animals↗