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Biomedical subjects

S D Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to S D Taylor.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Loss of the toluene-xylene catabolic genes of TOL plasmid pWW0 during growth of Pseudomonas putida on benzoate is due to a selective growth advantage of 'cured' segregants.

During growth on benzoate-minimal medium Pseudomonas putida mt-2 (PaW1) segregates derivative ('cured') strains which have lost the ability to use the pathway encoded by its resident catabolic plasmid pWW0. Experiments with two plasmids identical to pWW0 but each with an insert of Tn401, which confers resistance to carbenicillin, suggested that the 'benzoate curing' occurs far more frequently by the specific deletion of the 39 kbp region carrying the catabolic genes than by total plasmid loss. This effect was not pH-dependent, and was not produced during growth on other weak organic acids, such as succinate or propionate, or when benzoate was present in the medium with an alternative, preferentially used carbon source such as succinate. Growth on benzoate did not cause loss from strain PaW174 of the plasmid pWW0174, a derivative of pWW0 which has deleted the 39 kbp region but carries Tn401. Similarly the naphthalene-catabolic plasmid pWW60-1, of the same incompatibility group as pWW0, was not lost from PaW701 during growth on benzoate. Competition between wild-type PaW1 and PaW174, which has the 'cured' phenotype, showed that the latter has a distinct growth advantage on benzoate over the wild-type even when initially present as only 1% of the population: when PaW174 was seeded at lower cell ratios, spontaneously 'cured' derivatives of PaW1 took over the culture after 60-80 generations, indicating that they are present in PaW1 cultures at frequencies between 10(-2) and 10(-3). We conclude that the progressive takeover of populations of PaW1 only occurs when benzoate is present as the sole growth source and that neither benzoate, nor other weak acids, affect plasmid segregation or deletion events: a sufficient explanation is that the 'cured' segregants grow faster than the wild-type using the chromosomally determined beta-ketoadipate pathway.

Benzoates↗
PubMed1979

Gastrointestinal perforation by chicken bones.

Four cases of gastrointestinal perforation by chicken bones are presented. Variability in the clinical manifestations generally precludes a correct preoperative diagnosis of intraabdominal chicken bone abscess. However, in 2 patients, a diagnosis was possible with plain abdominal radiographs. Although the abnormalities seen were nonspecific, the identification of a chicken bone with an associated mass or extraluminal gas collection in a patient with signs of peritonitis, mechanical bowel obstruction, or pneumoperitoneum strongly suggests the diagnosis. A history of alcoholism or wearing dentures strengthens it.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Departmental libraries: curse or blessing?

Communication patterns and working relationships between large health sciences libraries and departmental libraries are examined and discussed. The results of a telephone survey to obtain information on the experiences of twenty-one large New York metropolitan area health sciences libraries with their departmental libraries are reported. Discussion includes the experiences of Columbia University's Augustus Long Health Sciences Library with departmental libraries within the Columbia/Presbyterian Medical Center (C/PMC). A mediated survey of C/PMC departmental libraries and over thirty years of cooperation with some of these departments are reported. The potential detrimental effects of departmental libraries are acknowledged, but the substantial positive benefits of cooperation and ways to achieve this cooperation are emphasized.

Attitude↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Women offenders and reentry issues.

Women parallel men in their profile of physical disease, psychosocial configuration, addictive patterns, and criminal deviance. For women offenders in particular, the prison environment reinforces a victim role that originated in childhood and adolescence. In addition, such settings discourage both emotional expression (except for aggression) and responsibility, since basic needs such as food, lodging, and clothing are provided. Incarcerated women have significant treatment issues, including the lack of social and vocational role definition, psychological dependence and psychic craving, poorly developed social skills, and conflicts in social, family, and intimate relationships. This article describes the unique psychoeducational and skills-training needs of women offenders as they adjust to community living, and outlines specific treatment interventions that have proven to effect successful patient outcomes. Case studies are used to illustrate the reentry experiences of three women offenders with distinct backgrounds. One example illustrates how a woman who had been involved in the criminal justice system for 24 years overcame her addiction and self-confidence issues. A second case study profiles an offender with three children who had experienced sexual trauma during her childhood and adult years. A third case reports on an African-American woman whose crack-cocaine addiction resulted in the birth of a drug-exposed son. The treatment model tested in all three cases emphasized the practical and often overlooked treatment issues of incarcerated women.

Adult↗