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Biomedical subjects

S Daniotti

Publications and source records attributed to S Daniotti.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Comparison of pirenzepine and carbenoxolone in the treatment of chronic gastric ulcer. A double-blind endoscopic trial.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of pirenzepine and carbenoxolone in accelerating the healing of chronic gastric ulcer. Sixty-six out-patients with endoscopically proven gastric ulcer, without major systemic diseases, were admitted to the study. Patients were randomly allocated to either pirenzepine, 50 mg three times a day for 6 weeks, or carbenoxolone, 100 mg three times a day for one week followed by 50 mg three times a day for the remaining five weeks. At 6 weeks, the ulcers had healed in 20 out of 34 patients (59%) treated with pirenzepine, and in 15 out of 29 patients (52%) treated with carbenoxolone. Symptomatic improvement was similar with both drugs. Some major side effects (oedema, hypokalaemia and hypertension) occurred in approximately 30% of patients treated with carbenoxolone; of those receiving pirenzepine 25% complained of minor symptoms (e.g. dry mouth, headache, tachycardia). It is concluded that pirenzepine and carbenoxolone are of similar, but rather limited, efficacy in speeding the healing of chronic gastric ulcer, but show important differences with respect to tolerability.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of the gastric cytoprotective properties of atropine, ranitidine and PGE2 in rats.

In view of the controversy as to whether antisecretory agents such as H2 antagonists and antimuscarinics might be cytoprotective like the PGs, the oral activity of atropine, ranitidine and PGE2 against absolute ethanol-induced lesions was evaluated in rats. The results showed that atropine and PGE2, but not ranitidine, were effective in preventing absolute ethanol-induced gastric damage. The effects were related to the doses of the ulcerogenic agent and of the cytoprotective compound. The anti-ulcer activity of atropine is considered to be an expression of cytoprotection, since the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric damage was independent of gastric pH and atropine, like PGE2, does not affect basal acid secretion at a fully cytoprotective dose. Some studies were undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of gastric cytoprotection by atropine. The possibility that the anti-muscarinic agent might work as a mild irritant was ruled out since, like PGE2, the agent was still effective in PG-deficient rats. The evidence that neostigmine markedly aggravated gastric damage caused by low doses of absolute ethanol and that atropine completely prevented this damage postulates mechanisms involving specific muscarinic receptor interactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Pirenzepine versus cimetidine in duodenal ulcer. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, short-term clinical trial.

90 patients with active duodenal ulcer were admitted to a double-blind trial to compare the effects of pirenzepine (150 mg/daily), cimetidine (1 g/daily) and placebo on the healing of duodenal ulcer. 5 patients did not complete the trial. In 21 of 29 patients (72%) receiving pirenzepine and in 21 of 28 (75%) of those receiving cimetidine, the ulcers had healed after 4 weeks of treatment compared with 10 of 28 (36%) patients receiving placebo (p less than 0.01). Symptomatic improvement and reduction of antacid consumption were significantly more marked in the pirenzepine- and cimetidine-treated groups than in the placebo group. Tolerability of drugs was good. The results show that pirenzepine is as effective as cimetidine for the treatment of duodenal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A six week, double-blind study.

Thirty-eight of forty patients satisfactorily concluded a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to study the effects of pirenzepine (100 mg/day) on duodenal ulcers. After six weeks of treatment 14 of 18 patients (78%) in the pirenzepine-treated group and 7 of 20 patients (35%) in the placebo groups were healed. There was a statistically significant difference (P less than 0.05). The relief of day-time and night-time pain was significantly greater in the pirenzepine-treated group. Pirenzepine-treated patients consumed significantly fewer antacid tablets. The tolerability of pirenzepine was good. Pirenzepine (100 mg/day for six weeks) should be an effective and safe treatment for duodenal ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Long-term treatment of duodenal ulcer with pirenzepine. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Sixty out-patients with duodenal ulcers that were healed at the end of a 4-week treatment with pirenzepine, cimetidine or placebo were admitted to a double-blind placebo-controlled trial to study the effectiveness of pirenzepine (100 mg/daily) in preventing recurrence of ulcers. Six patients did not complete the trial. After 12 months of treatment 15 of the 26 patients had recurrences in the pirenzepine-treated group and 27 of the 28 in the placebo group. The difference is highly significant (X2 = 9.570, P less than 0.01). The tolerability of pirenzepine was good.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pirenzepine in non-ulcer dyspepsia. A double-blind, placebo controlled trial.

Fifty patients (with non-ulcer dyspepsia) were admitted to a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to study the effects of pirenzepine (100 mg/daily) on non-ulcer dyspepsia. Ten patients did not complete the trial. After 4 weeks of treatment, statistically significant improvement (P less than 0.001) was observed endoscopically in the pirenzepine group. The relief of dyspepsia was significantly greater in the pirenzepine-treated group. The tolerability of pirenzepine was good.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cytoprotection by PGE2, atropine, pirenzepine and vagotomy in rats.

Gastric cytoprotective effects of vagotomy, PGE2 and antimuscarinic compounds (pirenzepine, atropine) were studied in the rat. Both pharmacological and surgical treatment prevented the gastric damage induced by intragastric administration of acetylsalicylic acid plus hydrochloric acid. The mechanisms of action are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Inhibition by pirenzepine of nocturnal gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients.

Ten patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial to investigate the effect of pirenzepine on nocturnal gastric acid secretion. Pirenzepine, 50 mg orally at bedtime, inhibited acid secretion all night long: the overall volume secreted and acid output (midnight to 7 a.m.) were significantly less than after placebo. The decrease in acid output per hour was significant at 1,2,3,6, and 7 a.m. It was concluded that controlled clinical trials of maintenance therapy for prevention of relapse of healed duodenal ulcers should be carried out with pirenzepine taken at bedtime.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feprazone: absence of hemolytic effects in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient subjects.

Some drugs, including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compounds, can be hemolytic in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient patients. We have studied the potential hemolytic activity of feprazone, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compound in vitro and in vivo. Agents that may be hemolytic for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient erythrocytes will stimulate the hexose monophosphate shunt in normal erythrocytes. Eleven normal subjects were treated with feprazone and their erythrocytes were incubated in their own sera (containing active feprazone metabolites) and [1-14C]-glucose. Because no statistically significant increase in 14CO2 evolution was observed, 15 pediatric male patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency who required antiinflammatory treatment were treated with feprazone. No hemolytic crises and no statistically significant changes of hematologic tests were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preventive role of pirenzepine in gastric damage during cytostatic therapy. A controlled randomized double-blind study with placebo].

Steroids and cytostatic drugs have an undoubtedly damaging action on the gastroduodenal mucosa. The action of pirenzepine was compared with that of the placebo in preventing the gastroduodenal lesions brought on by antiblastic therapy. Sixty patients were separated into two random group under double blind conditions and received 100 mg/die/os of pirenzepine or equivalent placebo for a continuous period of 12 weeks. Antiblastic drugs were administered at the same time. Final endoscopic control and symptomatological findings showed a statistically significant different in favour of the pirenzepine-treated group as early as the 6th week of treatment. No side-effects attributable to pirenzepine were reported.

Adult↗