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Biomedical subjects

S Daoud

Publications and source records attributed to S Daoud.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Congenital clubfoot. Analysis of 260 cases followed from birth].

INTRODUCTION: This study is a critical analysis of the results in a homogeneous series of 260 cases of congenital clubfoot followed from birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This series of congenital club feet was divided in 2 groups: the stiff forms (144 cases) and the supple forms (116 cases). Daily physical therapy and Denis Brown's splints were begun from the first examination. This method did not allow full correction of deformations in 213 cases. A posterior medial surgical release was performed. Its importance depended on the criteria of radio-clinical analysis before surgery. 46 feet were operated twice. RESULTS: Follow up averaged 7 years. 39 per cent of patients had completed growth, only 18 per cent of feet were not operated. With the surgical treatment, the results were ""very good'' and ""good'' in 75.1 per cent of cases, according to an analysis using Seringe's criteria. 21 per cent were operated again, on an average between 3 and 8 years, with poorer results than at first surgery. DISCUSSION: The quality of the results depends on the quality of the functional treatment. Poor control of equinism with Denis-Brown splints can be corrected by using Seringe's articulated splints or by a series of plaster casts. CONCLUSION: Many technical factors influence the results. The quality of post-operative contention is stressed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Gastroschisis: what part can the obstetrician play?

In order to assess the contribution of antenatal diagnosis to the management of gastroschisis, the antenatal and postnatal data from 24 cases of gastroschisis observed between 1974 and 1990 were re-examined. The frequency of antenatal diagnosis (29%), polyhydramnios (21%), atresia of the small intestine (29%), length of pregnancy (36.6 +/- 2 weeks of amenorrhea), proportion of cesarean sections (21%), birth weight (2230 +/- 430 g) and the Apgar score after 5 min (9.0 +/- 1.5) were comparable to findings reported elsewhere. The overall mortality rate for the period studied was high (41%), and was not influenced by any antenatal parameter or by the mode of delivery; its recent fall (P = 0.01) is explained by the development of therapeutic methods. These results are consistent with other recent studies and suggest that antenatal diagnosis does not enable an accurate assessment of the prognosis to be made and has no major influence on the mortality rate in gastroschisis.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1992

Renal venous erythropoietin concentrations in hypertensive patients with unilateral renal disease.

In 24 hypertensive patients with unilateral renal disease, the erythropoietin (Epo) concentration ratio in the renal veins was compared with the renin ratio. Seven patients showed moderately elevated peripheral Epo values. Epo and plasma renin activity were significantly positively correlated both in peripheral and renal veins. This suggests that the reduction of renal blood flow was a common, but not unique, stimulating factor of Epo and renin secretion. Epo ratio appeared insensitive since it was greater than 1.5 in only 30% of patients with a renin ratio > 2. Our results indicate that the Epo concentration ratio in renal veins cannot be proposed as a substitute for the currently used renin ratio.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Stress-induced renal functional alterations in normotensives.

This study was performed to assess changes in renal function accompanying cardiovascular responses to mental stress. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR, inulin clearance), renal plasma flow (RPF, PAH clearance), filtration fraction (FF), sodium excretion, and segmental sodium tubular reabsorption (lithium clearance) were measured in 15 normal volunteers during rest and stress. The psychological stress test used is based on a computerized version of the Stroop word color conflict test. Stress induced a significant (P less than .05) and sustained increase in blood pressure and heart rate. During stress, GFR and RPF did not change whereas FF increased significantly (P less than .05) and sodium excretion tended to decrease. The decrease in sodium excretion was due to a significant (P less than .05) increase in proximal reabsorption, which may be mediated by renal hemodynamic changes. The observed significant increase in FF suggests an increase in postglomerular arteriolar resistances, which may account for the increase in proximal sodium reabsorption through an alteration in peritubular Starling forces. In the long run, the stress-associated increase in sodium reabsorption may contribute to the development of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Femoro-patellar instability in children and adolescents].

93 knees in 74 patients between 9 and 20 years of age were operated because of patello-femoral instability. In 76 cases, it was due to an intractable patello-femoral syndrome and in 17 cases one or several episodes of patellar dislocation had occurred. Treatment consisted, after failure of physical therapy, 14 times in a leavering of vastus medialis with a lateral capsular release and medial capsularrophy. In 71 cases it was associated to a medial transfer of the patellar ligament. Results were studied in 85 knees after an average follow-up of 6 years. 45 knees were completely symptomless, an excellent result. 34 knees remained with some kind of pain and 6 patellae redislocated. It is concluded that the transfer of the patellar ligament should be associated to the dynamic realignment achieved by the vastus medialis transfer for better results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Renal function during stress in hypertensive patients].

In this study, the measurement of blood pressure values, glomerular filtration rate (GFR, inulin clearance), renal plasma flow (RPF, PAH clearance), the filtration fraction (GFR/RPF), natiuresis and proximal sodium resorption (measured by lithium clearance), was performed at rest and during a computerised psychological stress test (Stroop word color conflict test) in 12 normotensive and 10 hypertensive subjects. The stress induced in the normotensives induced a significant increase of the filtration fraction and proximal tubule sodium resorption. The hypertensive kidney, submitted to a basal vasoconstriction greater than that of the normotensive kidney, does not react to stress. In the hypertensives, proximal sodium resorption occurs but is not significantly greater than at rest. In the long-term, the increased sodium resorption during stress could contribute to the development and the persistence of essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Open reduction by the Dunn technique in upper femoral epiphysiolysis. Report of 14 cases].

Fourteen of Dunn's operations for slipped upper femoral epiphysis were analysed in their indications and their results in comparison with others series. The open operation of the femoral head is a good method for the chronic highest displacements. The notion of an acute displacement leads us to ask for a previous bone scintigraphy in order to make sure of the integrity of the vascularisation. Thus, there was no complication of necrosis in this surgery, but unfortunately, there were two chondrolysis and one mechanical accident.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Congenital vesicovaginal fistula. Commentary and review of the literature apropos of a case].

A case of urinary incontinence through vesico vaginal fistula is related in a five year old girl. Its congenital origin is probable. The right ureteral orifice joins up with the fistula, in full duct. The corresponding kidney is hypotrophic and subjected to the vesico renal flow of the third degree. The incontinence disappears immediately. The literary studies have been analysed. Few are really vesico vaginal fistulas and few have a congenital origin.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

[Adjusted cupula in the treatment of massive osteonecrosis of the upper part of the femur in adolescent children].

Six important necrosis of the apophysis of the femur were treated by arthroplasty with adjusted cup. This operation always made these hips painless, 5 times, the mobility was greatly improved. This a normal social life was quickly recovered. However, the distant future remains uncertain. With the exception of one immediate failure, one hip had to be reoperated, 8 years after the total arthroplasty.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

[Liposarcoma in children. Apropos of 3 cases and a review of the literature].

Liposarcoma is an uncommon tumour in childhood. Three cases are reported. Two patients remain alive and well without local recurrence or metastasis following the initial treatment, however one patient died as a result of direct tumour extension despite chemotherapy. A review of the literature revealed the following features: the extremity are the most common location, the predominance of myxoid histology and its best prognosis. The treatment is the complete surgical excision, the efficiency of radiotherapy or chemotherapy has not been formally proved.

Buttocks↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in the child using Dor's anterior partial fundoplication procedure. Report of 37 cases].

A retrospective study of 37 children with gastroesophageal reflux, treated by Dor's anterior partial fundoplication procedure, objects a good clinical result in a rate of 95%. The late radiologic examinations confirm a good result in 84%, without gastroesophageal reflux or fundoplication alteration, with a mean follow-up of 6 years. The late efficiency of the partial fundoplication is assured by a safe fixation of the abdominal oesophagus and the partial fundoplication to the diaphragnatic crus.

Child↗
PubMed1988

[Unilateral hematocolpos in utero-vaginal duplication associated with homolateral renal agenesis. Apropos of 2 clinical case reports].

This is a report of two Cases of unilateral hematocolpos with ipsilateral renal agenesis in a bicornuate uterus with unilateral imperforate vaginal. The Symptoms, operative findings and surgical procedure are described. It is exceptional in the neonatal period to find an Hydro-Hematocolpos associated with complex genitourinary malformations. Easy diagnosis of Hydro-Hematocolpos and its effect on upper urinary tract are made by ultrasonography and intravenous urography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Disseminated osseous lymphangiomatosis. Apropos of 6 case reports].

Following six cases of disseminated bone lymphangiomatosis, the problem of potential haemorrhagic complications in the patients evolution has been focused. Consumption coagulopathy associated there, must be taken into account in view of therapeutic choices and vital prognosis evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Subperiosteal chondroma. Diagnostic contribution of x-ray computed tomography. Apropos of 2 cases].

Results of CT scan exploration are reported in two cases of subperiosteal chondroma, one in a 4 year old child affecting the anterior tibial tuberosity the other in a 9 year old child involving the upper end of humerus. Data from CT scan imaging were undoubtedly superior to those of conventional radiography and appear to be characteristic of this benign cartilaginous tumor, greatly facilitating correlation between clinical, radiological and pathologic findings. The scanner should allow certain situations to be dedramatized and the surgical attitude adapted when the functional prognosis is involved.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Variants with reduced virulence derived from Leishmania major after mutagen treatment.

After several in vitro treatments of a virulent population of Leishmania major with the mutagen, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), five clones (vir-) were obtained that did not produce cutaneous lesions after subcutaneous injection of 10(6) promastigotes. All the control clones (vir+) obtained from the non-mutagenized parasite population produced progressive cutaneous lesions with as few as 10(3) parasites. Late lesions were observed occasionally after injection of 10(7) vir- parasites. These late lesions appeared to result from the selection of virulent revertants, since parasites isolated from these lesions produced progressive lesions in BALB/c mice almost as readily as the control parasites. Two vir- clones, one vir+ clone and one revertant clone were examined for survival in BALB/c macrophages in vitro. All clones were taken up by the macrophages and transformed into amastigotes. However, vir- clones failed to multiply inside the macrophages. A vir- clone was found to protect mice against a subsequent challenge with vir+ parasites.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1987

Membrane-to-membrane transfer of lipophilic drugs used against cancer or infectious disease.

Use of liposomal drug delivery systems can enhance the therapeutic potential of membrane active anti-cancer and anti-infectious drugs. Thus, the therapeutic index of the important antifungal agent amphotericin B is markedly improved via incorporation of the drug into liposomes. The mechanistic basis of this effect seems to be an increase in the selectivity of the drug at the cellular level. Thus, free amphotericin B can readily partition into both fungal and mammalian membranes and can cause toxicity to both types of cells, giving rise to the notorious in vivo toxicity of this drug. By contrast, when amphotericin B is formulated in certain types of liposomes, the drug still readily partitions into fungal membranes but can no longer partition into animal cell membranes, thus markedly reducing its toxicity. Liposomes can also be used to reduce the toxicity of membrane-active antitumor drugs. Thus, the peptide ionophore valinomycin is far less toxic to animals when presented in liposomal form. Nonetheless, the drug retains useful antitumor activity in this form. The underlying basis of the enhanced therapeutic index of liposomal valinomycin is unknown at this time but is being explored. The development of membrane-active anti-tumor drugs, in conjunction with liposomal delivery systems, could be an important new approach in cancer chemotherapy. While no anticancer drug is likely to be free of toxic side effects, the toxicities engendered by membrane-active antitumor drugs are likely to affect a different spectrum of tissues and organs than those caused by "conventional" antitumor drugs. Thus membrane-active drugs could complement existing drugs and provide a valuable adjunct to therapy.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1987

[Amniotic disease. Apropos of a series of 20 cases].

Twenty patients with congenital constriction band syndrome are reviewed. Clinical manifestations and associated anomalies were analyzed with attention directed to distribution of the involvement and course of treatment. Constriction bands, amputation, and acrosyndactyly are the main clinical manifestations of the syndrome. Involvement of the distal portions of the extremity is most common, and the central digits are more frequently affected. Clubfoot deformity is the most frequently associated anomalies, those, associated, with deep constriction band at the below knee level are more severe and were due to compression neuropathy.

Amniotic Band Syndrome↗