Child abuse assessment for Mississippi dentists.
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Child Abuse↗
Biomedical subjects
S De Ball
Publications and source records attributed to S De Ball.
Fluoride: a review--Part II: Topical fluorides.
Fluoride therapy continues to be the best defense in the battle against dental caries. The decision to utilize topical fluorides is no longer age dependent. Changing disease patterns require dentists to critically evaluate the caries risk of each patient and develop a fluoride treatment plan based upon the needs of the individual patient. A variety of professional and self-applied fluoride products are available and new fluoride delivery systems have recently entered the market. A critical review of literature, combined with an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each topical fluoride system will assist the dentist in selecting the product best suited for each patient.
Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride↗
Chloral hydrate sedation: a simple technique.
Chloral hydrate is an oral sedative commonly used in pediatric dentistry when providing extensive treatment in the young child. This article reports the results of a clinical trial using an orally administered dose of chloral hydrate at 75 mg/kg of body weight plus nitrous oxide and oxygen. A method for administering the drug that minimizes initial drug expectoration and vomiting is also presented. Because a reliable method for delivery of chloral hydrate is essential in a study of the ideal effective dose, the authors describe a technique that makes this portion of the treatment process as pleasant as possible by associating the drug with a product known to be pleasing to most children of this age group. The results of the clinical trial of 50 patients revealed that 29 children (58%) slept through the entire procedure and 14 (28%) of the children presented only mild resistance either during anesthesia and/or treatment. If some mild resistance is acceptable to the practitioner then there was an approximately 85% success rate. The authors concluded that chloral hydrate used at a 75 mg/kg dose and supplemented by nitrous oxide/oxygen is a safe and reliably effective sedative for the preschool child.
Anesthesia, Dental↗
The cost of nursing caries in a Native American Head Start population.
Nursing caries is a unique form of caries caused by prolonged exposure to pooled fermentable liquids and a lack of salivary flow during sleep. It is characterized by extensive destruction of the primary maxillary incisors generally beginning on the facial or lingual smooth surfaces. Nursing caries appears to have a particularly high prevalence in Native American populations and can be very costly to restore. The purpose of this study was (1) to determine the prevalence of nursing caries in a Mississippi Choctaw Indian Head Start program and (2) to determine the dollar costs of restoring nursing caries in a similar population. In part 1 of this study, 2 dentists independently examined 629 Native American Head Start children ranging in age from 3-5 years. It was found that 50.2% of these children had nursing caries. In part 2 of this study the cost of treating nursing caries in a Choctaw Indian population that ranged in age from 2-5 years was determined. It was found that the mean total cost of restoring a nursing caries patient requiring general anesthesia to provide treatment was $2,141.75. It was also determined that the mean cost of providing treatment for those children not requiring general anesthesia was $311.55. This study concluded that there was an extremely high prevalence of nursing caries in this Choctaw Indian Head Start population and that funds directed toward prevention would be a wise investment and that renewed and innovative efforts toward preventing nursing caries in these populations are indicated.
Bottle Feeding↗