A novel mutation in the ARS (component B) gene encoding SLURP-1 in a Turkish family with mal de Meleda.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
S Demir
Publications and source records attributed to S Demir.
The effects of oophorectomy and hormone replacement therapy on superoxide radicals in rat skin.
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Animals↗
The effects of desferrioxamine on cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rat kidneys.
Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with an increase in lipid peroxidation and oxygen free radicals in rat kidneys. In this study, the effects of desferrioxamine were compared to vitamin C and E on cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in rat kidneys. Rats were divided into five groups, with 15 Wistar rats in each group. In the control group, rats received 1 mL/100 g isotonic saline solution intraperitoneally (i.p.). In Group II, 10 mg/kg cisplatin i.p. was injected to rats. Thirty minutes before the same dosage of cisplatin administration, 100 mg/kg i.p. vitamin C or E was given to rats in groups III and IV, respectively. Rats in Group V received 250 mg/kg desferrioxamine i.p., before the same dose of cisplatin administration. All rats were killed by cervical dislocation after 72 hours. The kidneys were immediately removed and washed in cold saline. Spectrophotometric method was used for all analyses. While catalase, glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were found to be significantly decreased (P < 0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (P < 0.001) levels were significantly increased in the cisplatin group when compared to the controls. MDA levels were decreased by desferrioxamine (P < 0.005) as well as vitamin C and E (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). These three compounds induced a significant increase in SOD levels (P < 0.05), but only in the vitamin C group, were SOD levels not significantly different than the levels of the controls (P > 0.05). In the desferrioxamine (P < 0.05), vitamin C and E groups (P < 0.001 for both), the cisplatin elevated H2O2 levels were decreased. None of these drugs had any effect on GR and catalase levels (P > 0.05). Desferrioxamine is useful to prevent cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation, however, vitamin C and E are more effective on antioxidant enzymes than desferrioxamine.
Animals↗
Acrochordon and impaired carbohydrate metabolism.
Acrochordons were reported to have a probable association with diabetes mellitus but detailed data about this relation has not been introduced yet. We evaluated 120 patients with acrochordon for the presence of impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Overt diabetes mellitus (DM) was found in 88 patients and glucose intolerance was detected in 6 patients; 4 patients had reactive hypoglycemia. We concluded that acrochordons may be skin markers of underlying impaired carbohydrate metabolism and the patients with acrochordon should be evaluated for the presence of diabetes mellitus.
Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
Diagnostic value of CEA, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, CYFRA 21-1, NSE and TSA assay in pleural effusions.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the individual and combined diagnostic utility of six tumor markers in patients with pleural effusion. Pleural and serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and total sialic acid (TSA) were assayed in 74 patients with pleural effusions (44 malignant and 30 benign). All tumor markers except TSA and NSE were increased in both serum and pleural fluid of patients with malignant diseases. Using the cut-off values 3 ng/ml, 14 U/ml, 5 U/ml, 8 ng/ml and 70 mg/dl for pleural fluid CEA, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, CYFRA 21-1 and TSA, respectively, the sensitivity (%) and specificity (%) of these tumor markers were as follows: CEA; 52/77, CA 15-3; 80/93, CA 19-9; 36/83, CYFRA 21-1; 91/90, TSA; 80/67, for differentiating malignant effusions from benign. When CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 combined, the sensitivity and specificity were increased (100 and 83%, respectively). Classifying the malignant effusions as bronchial carcinoma and malignant pleural mesothelioma, CEA was shown to have the highest sensitivity and specificity (88 and 90%, respectively) while the combination of CEA with other tumor markers increased sensitivity but decreased specificity. According to our results, tumor markers are not suitable for the differential diagnosis of malignancy.
Adolescent↗
Effect of amifostine on lipid peroxidation caused by cisplatin in rat kidney.
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Amifostine↗
Effect of exercise on lipid peroxidation.
PURPOSE: The effect of physical exercise on lipid peroxidation was investigated. METHOD: 27 healthy young adult male subjects were included in this study. Urine samples were collected before and after exercises. Urinary malondialdehyde and creatinine levels (Cr) were measured. RESULTS: Urinary malondialdehyde levels were increased by exercise. While pre-exercise malondialdehyde levels were 5.02 +/- 1.26 nmol/mg Cr, post-exercise levels were 6.13 +/- 1.84 nmol/mg Cr (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings indicated that physical exercise induced lipid peroxidation.
Adolescent↗
Role of guanylyl cyclase activation via thiamine in suppressing chemically-induced writhing in mouse.
The possible role of L-arginine/nitric oxide (L-arginine/NO) pathway in the antinociceptive activity of thiamine (vitamin B1) in p-benzoquinone-induced mouse writhing model was investigated. Thiamine (ED50, 0.11 mg/kg), L-arginine (50 mg/kg), NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 75 mg/kg) and morphine (ED50: 0.13 mg/kg) displayed antinociceptions following s.c. administrations (52.4 +/- 5.5%, 36.8 +/- 7.7%, 27.8 +/- 11.1%, 66.1 +/- 3.5%, respectively). However, methylene blue (MB, 40 mg/kg, s.c.) produced a nociception (-32.1 +/- 9.9%). Coadministration of B1 with L-arginine did not significantly change L-arginine-induced antinociception (48.9 +/- 3.7%). Cotreatment of thiamine with L-NAME and MB significantly increased the L-NAME-induced antinociception (53.9 +/- 3.9%) and reversed the MB-induced nociception to antinociception (46.0 +/- 4.2%). L-Arginine and L-NAME-induced antinociceptions were significantly increased (55.9 +/- 3.9% and 61.1 +/- 5.0%, respectively) by morphine. MB-induced nociception significantly reversed to antinociception by the concomitant administration of morphine (41.6 +/- 8.9%). Thiamine and morphine coadministration displayed antinociception (46.0 +/- 4.2%). The present results suggest that thiamine could produce antinociception by the activation of guanylyl cyclase mediated by cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) that may trigger the possible involvement of central and/or peripheral L-arginine/NO/cGMP pathway.
Animals↗
Free and total prostate-specific antigen levels in saliva and the comparison with serum levels in men.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated free and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and free/total (f/t) ratio in the fasting saliva and compared them with the serum levels in normal individuals, in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. Our aim was to determine free and total PSA and f/t ratio in saliva and to improve and simplify the differentiation between BPH and prostate cancer by using saliva as an alternative to serum. METHODS: Serum and fasting saliva concentrations of free and total PSA were measured in 35 men with BPH, 16 men with stage D prostate cancer, and 25 healthy men. Serum and fasting saliva samples were collected at the same time and were analyzed on the same day at our laboratory with microparticle enzyme immunoassay technology. RESULTS: For the total of 76 men, there was a significant correlation between free and total PSA levels in each sample (r = 0.97 for serum and r = 0.44 for saliva, p<0.001). Although there was a significant difference between three groups for serum-free and total PSA levels and serum f/t ratios, no significant difference was determined between groups for salivary free and total PSA levels and salivary f/t ratios. No correlations were found between patient age and salivary PSA levels. CONCLUSIONS: Fasting salivary free and total PSA levels are not effected by high serum levels of prostatic origin. Although there was a significant difference between mean serum and salivary levels of free and total PSA in each group, the f/t ratio of saliva was very close to the serum ratio of normal subjects. Determination of free and total PSA in saliva to improve and simplify the differentiation between prostate cancer and BPH is not suitable for use as alternative measurement of serum.
Adult↗
Lipid peroxidation and glutathione levels after cortical injection of ferric chloride in rats: effect of trimetazidine and deferoxamine.
Intracortical injection of iron salts causes seizures. Oxidation of lipids in neural membranes by reactive oxygen species is involved in the mechanism responsible for iron-induced seizures as a model of posttraumatic epilepsy. In this study, we examined the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) and deferoxamine (DFO) on lipid peroxidation after cortical injection of 5 microliters of an aqueous solution containing 100 mM of ferric chloride (FeCl3) in rats. Animals were divided into four groups (n = 7 each) and treated as follows: group 1, saline injection into the cortex (control group); group 2, iron injection into the cortex (injury group); group 3, iron injection into the cortex plus TMZ; group 4, iron injection into the cortex plus DFO. The animals were killed 3 h after injections, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product, and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured. A significant elevation of MDA was observed in group 2 (P < 0.05). MDA levels were found to be lower in both the TMZ-treated (P < 0.05) and DFO-treated (P < 0.05) groups than in the injury group. Tissue GSH levels were significantly decreased in group 2 (P < 0.05). GSH levels were increased in the TMZ-treated (P < 0.05) and DFO-treated (P < 0.05) groups compared to the injury group. The results of our study suggest that lipid peroxidation is a critical event in iron-induced epilepsy and that treatment with TMZ and DFO is effective in preventing the formation of free radicals and reducing lipoperoxides in brain tissue.
Analysis of Variance↗
Do cochlear nuclei contribute to auditory lateralization? A stereological evaluation of neuron numbers.
The aim of this study was to estimate the total number of cells in the subdivisions of the cochlear nucleus (CN) of the rat with unbiased stereological methods. The total number of neurons was determined in both the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) and the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) to compare the right and left sides. The total cell numbers were 15,280 in the left VCN, 15,400 in the right VCN, 10,260 in the left DCN, and 10,860 in the right DCN. Comparison of the right and left major subdivisions of the CN of the rat showed that there was no significant difference between the right and left sides of the rat CN. This result indicates that the CNs do not contribute to auditory lateralization in the rat in regard to cell numbers.
Animals↗
The effects of calcium channel blocker, flunarizine on spinal reflexes in the cats.
Effects of calcium channel blocker flunarizine on spinal monosynaptic reflexes were investigated in spinal cats. Flunarizine was administered locally into the spinal cord (10, 50, 100 microM) and intraperitoneally (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). Adult cats (n = 10), weighing 1.5-3 kg were anesthetized with ketamine (50 mg/kg, i.m.) and artificially ventilated. Animals were spinalized at C1 level. A laminectomy was performed in the lumbosacral region. The ventral and dorsal roots of segment L5 were isolated and a pouch of skin was formed at the site of the dissection to allow the exposed tissues to be covered with liquid paraffin. The temperature was kept at 38.5 degrees C with a heating pad. A polyethylene cannula was introduced into the left carotid artery to monitor blood pressure, which was kept above 100 mmHg. The dorsal root of segment L5 was placed on a silver-silver chloride wire electrode for stimulation through an isolation unit. The reflex potentials were recorded from the ipsilateral L5 ventral root, mounted on a silver-silver chloride wire electrode. The systemic (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) and local (50 and 100 microM) dosages of cinnarizin derivative flunarizine significantly decreased the amplitude of reflex response (p < 0.05). Moreover, the latency of the monosynaptic reflexes was increased after administration of the drug (p < 0.05). Voltage-dependent calcium channels in the spinal cord may play an important role to regulate reflex respond.
Animals↗
Pentoxifylline and N-acetylcysteine in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
This study was designed to clarify the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on hepatic reperfusion injury in rats. Rats were pretreated with NAC, or PTX, or combination of the drugs. In each rat, liver was isolated after twenty minutes reperfusion following thirty minutes ischemia. Plasma alanine amino transferase (ALT) activity, liver tissue glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GSSGR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were determined. Plasma ALT activity was higher in ischemia/reperfusion groups than in control. It was decreased in the groups given NAC. Administration of NAC maintained tissue GSH levels, whereas the levels were decreased in both the ischemia/reperfusion groups treated (P < 0.05) and untreated with PTX (P < 0.01). Increases in liver MDA concentration in ischemia/reperfusion (P < 0.01) and PTX-treated groups (P < 0.05) were mitigated by administration of NAC. GPx and CAT activities were increased in the ischemia/reperfusion (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and PTX-treated groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.001). GSSGR activities were increased in the NAC (P < 0.001) and NAC-PTX-treated groups (P < 0.01). SOD activities were higher in the ischemia/reperfusion (P < 0.01) and the PTX-treated (P < 0.01) and the NAC-PTX-treated groups (P < 0.01 ). In conclusion, short-term liver ischemia/reperfusion diminished GSH, increased MDA and induced some antioxidant enzymes. While we could not find any useful effects with PTX as we expected, our findings indicate that NAC might be useful to prevent tissue damage in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Acetylcysteine↗
An anomalous digastric muscle with three accessory bellies and one fibrous band.
During our routine dissection studies we encountered an anomalous digastric muscle with three accessory bellies and one fibrous band in one embedded cadaver. All of these structures were attached to the mylohyoid raphe. This anomaly should be considered during surgical procedures involving this region.
Cadaver↗
Treatment of Dicrocoelium dendriticum with a combination of thiophanate and brotianide.
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Animals↗
Primary gastrointestinal tract lymphomas.
AIM: To evaluate the prognostic factors and treatment modalities affecting survival in patients with primary gastrointestinal tract lymphoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gastrointestinal tract lymphoma patients were retrospectively studied. Age and sex of patients, location and histopathological grade of tumour, stage of disease, extent of surgical resection and chemotherapy were evaluated as prognostic factors. Effects of clinicopathological and treatment associated factors on disease-free and overall survival were calculated in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: On univariate analysis, disease stage (p = 0.002), extent of surgical resection (p = 0.003) and chemotherapy (p = 0.001) were found to be significantly affecting overall survival and none of the studied factors were found to be related with disease-free survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that grade of the tumour (p = 0.042) and chemotherapy (p = 0.028) significantly affected disease-free survival and disease stage (p = 0.013) and chemotherapy (p = 0.0003) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. In addition, surgery and chemotherapy in combination, significantly increased overall survival compared to surgery or chemotherapy only. CONCLUSION: Early stage patients have a better survival and it could be prolonged if surgery with no residual disease is performed; adjuvant chemotherapy provides an additional benefit.
Adolescent↗
A preliminary report of thyroglobulin release after fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules.
To demonstrate whether or not fine needle aspiration biopsy caused release of thyroglobulin into the circulation and if there was a correlation between histological diagnosis and thyroglobulin release from thyroid during aspiration, serum thyroglobulin concentrations were determined in 12 patients with solitary cold nodule or multinodular goitre. Of the 12 patients studied, seven had significant (P less than 0.05) elevations of serum thyroglobulin after aspiration. It is suggested that circulating thyroglobulin may increase after minor trauma to thyroid tissue such as following fine needle aspiration.
Adenoma↗