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S Doi

Publications and source records attributed to S Doi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Further heterogeneity of childhood common acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

In an attempt to look further at the problem of heterogeneity, we have studied the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene organization in leukemic cells from 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (common ALL). Nineteen cases were divided into two subgroups: 12 cases with rearrangement of the Ig heavy (H) chain genes and 7 cases with rearrangement of both the Ig H and light (L) chain genes. No Ig gene rearrangement was found in one case. These findings indicate that there is more heterogeneity among patients with common ALL than has previously been believed.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Volume regulation in leukemic and lymphoma cells in children and determination of cell lineage.

Among normal lymphocytes, T cells can readjust their volume rapidly following initial swelling in a hypotonic medium, whereas B cells do not have this ability. Based on this finding, we examined the volume regulation of malignant cells from 40 patients with lymphocytic and nonlymphocytic malignancies. The T lineage cells were able to regulate their volume in response to hypotonic stress, whereas B lineage cells were not able to do so. In contrast to lymphoid lineage cells, nonlymphocytic leukemia cells as well as undifferentiated cells did not show a consistent tendency in their volume regulation. These results showed that the difference in the ability to regulate cell volume in response to hypotonic stress is available as a marker for identifying the cellular lineage of lymphoid malignancies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Establishment of a novel acute monoblastic leukemia cell line (YK-M2) having a near-triploid karyotype.

The YK-M2 cell line was established from the peripheral blood of a patient with acute monoblastic leukemia in whom an anterior mediastinal tumor preceded the peripheral blood manifestation. The established cells grew in a single cell suspension with a doubling time of 60 h and consisted of primitive monoblastic cells. The cells were 52% positive for peroxidase staining and manifested strongly positive activity of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, which was completely inhibited by sodium fluoride. The cells showed strong expression of Fc gamma receptors and phagocytosed sensitized ox erythrocytes. When the cells were incubated with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, they were induced to differentiate into mature monocyte-macrophage-like cells, which reduced the nitroblue tetrazolium dye and released a small amount of the superoxide anion. Cytogenetic studies revealed that the cells had a near-triploid karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 68, and the short arm of one No. 17 chromosome was deleted [del(17)(p11)]. The YK-M2 cell line is particularly unique in that the cells retained the polyploid karyotype that may be an initial cytogenetic change in the malignant transformation of the parent leukemia cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Light and electron microscopic observations of sheep scrapie].

Two Suffolk sheep diagnosed as scrapie clinically and epidemiologically were investigated light and electron microscopically. They were female and four years four months of age. Spongiform lesions were found in the gray and white matter of midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, spinal cord and the cerebellar white matter as well as the cerebral gray and white matter. Ultrastructurally, the spongiform lesions were shown to be caused by vacuolation in neuronal perikarya, vacuolation and/or swelling of neuropil, dilatation of the periaxonal space, and splitting of the myelin sheath followed by the intramyelinic vacuolation. Vacuole in neuronal perikaryon was associated with the enlarged endoplasmic reticulum. Adjacent to the vacuole, enlargement of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and cisterns of Golgi apparatus was observed. The cytoplasmic processes found in the intraneuronal vacuoles were formed by the separation of the cytoplasm caused by the continuous dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum and cisterns of Golgi apparatus. This indicated that the degeneration of the neuronal perikaryon due to such separation contributed to the formation of the intraneuronal vacuole. Vacuolation and swelling with disappearance of the organelles were also found in astro- and oligodendroglial perikarya. Splitting of myelin sheath and the intramyelinic vacuolation were regarded as primary changes. The latter was supported by the degeneration of oligodendroglias found in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of scrapie agent isolated from sheep in Japan.

A pathogenic agent isolated in mice from the brain of a sheep affected by scrapie-like disease was characterized. The incubation period of the disease in the primary transmission from the sheep to mice was longer than in the secondary and the tertiary transmission in the same strain of mice. Progressive dilution of the inoculum caused prolongation of the incubation period. The infectivity of the agent in a 10% brain homogenate persisted, but decreased about 10(3) to 10(4) times after heating at 100 C for 30 min. Histological changes in the diseased mouse brains consisted of vacuolation of the nerve cells and spongiform degeneration in the gray matter of the central nervous system. Fine rod-shaped granulae with a length of 3 to 5 nm were observed within the swollen neuropil, axon, and perivascular astrocytic process. No serum antibodies against available mouse viruses, parainfluenza type 1 virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and mouse reovirus type 3, were detected in any mice used in the experiments. These findings demonstrate that the disease of the sheep was the first case of scrapie in Japan.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Alpha mating type-specific expression of mutations leading to constitutive agglutinability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Two mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been isolated and characterized. The mutants were constitutively agglutinable at 36 degrees C, the temperature at which wild-type cells agglutinate only after induction by mating pheromone. The mutant cells had other properties specific for the normal alpha cell type, i.e., conjugation with a cells, response to a mating pheromone, and production of alpha mating pheromone. The two mutations, cag1 and cag2, were recessive and expressed only in alpha cells. cag1 is linked very closely to the MAT locus, but cag2 is unlinked to the MAT locus. These cag mutations complemented ste3-1. These results indicate that CAG genes are novel alpha-specific genes involved in the regulation of sex agglutinin synthesis.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1985

Phenotypic analysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells which are classified as non-T non-B and negative for common ALL antigen.

When phenotypic marker analysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells (102 cases) was performed, a group of ALL cells (15 cases) classified as non-T non-B, and negative for common-ALL antigen (CALLA) was characterized in a focused manner. "Non-T non-B" was defined as negative for T cell properties such as E-rosetting or reactivity with anti-human T-cell monoclonal antibodies (T101, WT1), and absence of any B-cell characteristics (cell surface and/or cytoplasmic immunoglobulin and reactivity with B1 monoclonal antibody). Despite their marked heterogeneity, CALLA(-) non-T non-B ALL cells revealed three different phenotypic patterns in terms of presence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and of reactivity with antimyeloid (MCS1) or myelomonocyte (MCS2 and OKM1) monoclonal antibodies. Four of 15 cases reacted with some myeloid-specific antibodies, but were negative for TdT. Six cases had both MCS2 antigen and TdT. The remaining five cases expressed no myeloid antigens, but were positive for TdT with some exceptions. These findings showed that acute leukemias with myeloid antigens might be involved in CALLA(-) non-T non-B ALL having no relationship to the presence of TdT, and, furthermore, that the blasts with simultaneous expression of TdT and myeloid-specific antigen (MCS2) might represent an immature stage in hematopoietic differentiation closely corresponding with the bifurcation of the lymphocyte/myeloid pathway. Alternatively, only five cases remained "unclassified leukemia." We therefore think that the detailed examination of CALLA(-) non-T non-B ALL cells using myeloid specific antibodies is helpful in clarifying the characteristics of myeloid precursors and the common bipotential stem cell of lymphoid and myeloid progenitors.

Adult↗