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Biomedical subjects

S E Byrd

Publications and source records attributed to S E Byrd.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The radiographic evaluation of the symptomatic postoperative lumbar spine patient.

The diagnostic evaluation of patients with previous lumbar surgery presents a problem clinically and radiographically. The authors evaluated radiographically 75 patients with previous lumbar surgery who had persistent lumbar symptomatology. From their series, they found that a combination of two modalities (1) plain radiographs of the lumbar spine and (2) CT with intrathecal metrizamide and/or intravenous contrast provided the most complete and useful diagnostic information. The findings are presented with an emphasis on the pathologic changes demonstrated on the CT scans of the lumbar spine of which the most persistent findings were granulation tissue at the surgical site, lumbosacral spondylosis, recurrent or residual herniated disc, and arachnoiditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The computed tomographic spectrum of cerebral cysticercosis.

A review of the disease cerebral cysticercosis is presented. The pathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease is discussed with an emphasis on the role of computed tomography in the diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Branchial cleft anomalies and their mimics: computed tomographic evaluation.

A review was made of the clinical records and radiographic examinations of 38 patients with neck lesions clinically suspected of being branchial cleft anomalies. The impact of computed tomography in this sometimes confusing clinical picture was assessed and CT criteria for diagnosing branchial cleft anomalies (BCAs) and differentiating them from their mimics were identified. Seventeen branchial cleft anomalies (four of the first branchial cleft and 13 of the second branchial cleft) and 21 BCA mimics were evaluated. A definitive CT diagnosis of second branchial cleft cysts based on characteristic morphology, location, and displacement of surrounding structures was possible in 80% of cases. CT was found to be the best radiographic examination in making a definitive diagnosis of BCA if a neck mass was present. CT-derived information, by providing additional preoperative data on the extent and type of neck lesion, frequently altered the course of patient management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Spread of carcinoma of the base of the tongue as detected by computer tomography.

21 patients with histologically proven carcinoma involving the base of the tongue were studied with computer tomography utilizing a high dose of intravenous infusion of contrast material. Computer tomography demonstrated not only excellent visualization of the primary carcinoma at the base of the tongue, but also its traditional means of spread to contiguous soft tissues of the pharyngeal walls and lymph node metastasis. Computer tomography also demonstrated the unusual spread to the retropharyngeal lymph nodes and nasopharynx. Computer tomography with high-dose intravenous contrast is the best radiographic modality for the evaluation of carcinoma of the base of the tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography of palatine tonsillar carcinoma.

Twenty-five patients with surgically and histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the palatine tonsil were studied with computed tomography (CT) using a high dose intravenous contrast enhancement technique. With this technique, CT demonstrated the primary carcinoma within the palatine fossa as well as its contiguous spread to the base of the tongue, mobile tongue, lateral pharyngeal wall, supraglottic larynx, and nasopharynx and metastasis to local deep cervical lymph nodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Computer-tomographic appearance of branchial cleft and thyroglossal duct cysts of the neck.

The usefulness of computer tomography (CT) in the evaluation of a congenital neck mass has received little attention in the literature. We present the CT findings in two relatively common congenital neck masses - the thyroglossal duct cyst and the branchial cleft cyst. These cysts present a relatively common CT appearance of a mass with an enhancing capsule and a lucent center measuring between 20 and 35 Houndsfield Units. The branchial cleft cyst commonly occurs along the lateral border of the neck, anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, while the thyroglossal duct cyst occurs along the midline of the neck. CT is excellent for determining the location, size, extent and character of these two common congenital neck masses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cerebral cysticercosis: surgical considerations.

Cerebral cysticercosis is no longer an uncommon disease in areas such as Southern California to which there is extensive travel and immigration from adjoining areas in which the disease is endemic. The diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis should be entertained in patients from such an endemic area when they present with neurological symptoms and characteristic CT findings. There is no specific or definitive therapy for the disease; treatment should be directed at alleviating its manifestations. We recommend surgical consideration in those patients with hydrocephalus, intraventricular cysts, solitary cysts producing uncontrolled seizures, and solitary cysts producing significant mass lesion effect.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1982

The computed tomographic appearance of cerebral cysticercosis in adults and children.

The computed tomographic (CT) scans of 45 patients (30 adults, 15 children) with cerebral cysticercosis were reviewed. These patients had undergone complete diagnostic evaluations including skin tests, laboratory tests, plain skull radiography, radionuclide brain scanning, CT, and cerebral angiography. All of these tests were unrewarding except CT and the indirect hemagglutination test on the serum. A classification of cerebral cysticercosis based on the location of the lesions in the brain and the CT appearance was developed. Cerebral cysticercosis can be diagnosed by CT findings when there is also a history of seizures and of the patient having lived in an area where the disease is endemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The parenchymal form of cerebral cysticercosis.

22 cases of the parenchymal form of cerebral cysticercosis are discussed. The parenchymal form presents a variance of appearance on computer tomography (CT). The five most common CT findings are described. They are classified as (1) completely calcified lesions, (2) cystic lesions with ring enhancement (with or without calcification), (3) nonenhancing cystic lesions; (4) homogeneously enhancing lesions, and (5) mixed parenchymal lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Cerebral cysticercosis.

In this country, cerebral cysticercosis is not commonly implicated as the etiology of an otherwise uncomplicated seizure disorder occurring during childhood. Nine children with neurologic symptomatology and radiographic (computed tomography) evidence consistent with cerebral cysticercosis have been evaluated. Each patient was born and resided for some period (1 1/2 to 10 years) in an endemic area. Principal symptomatology consisted of a generalized seizure disorder. EEGs were normal in five patients and nonspecific in two. Serologic studies on serum and CSF were negative in 8/9 patients including the single patient requiring surgical intervention for excision of a cysticercal cyst. Cerebral nuclide scanning was not helpful and skull radiography was used to diagnose intracerebral calcifications in six patients. Computed tomography revealed multiple calcifications in six patients and a solitary lesion in one. Five patients had enhancing cystic lesions including three of those with diffuse calcifications. Since the natural history of cerebral cysticercosis presenting in this fashion is benign, symptomatic treatment is often sufficient. Anticonvulsants generally provide adequate seizure control. In one patient, cyst removal was necessary to achieve seizure control. On the basis of this experience, conclusions are (1) that the incidence of cerebral cysticercosis in exposed children is higher than commonly appreciated, and (2) that computed tomography may assist in the establishment of the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography in the evaluation of encephaloceles in infants and children.

Computed tomography (CT) is an accurate diagnostic modality in the evaluation of encephaloceles. The axial and coronal planes, contrast enhancement attenuation measurement of the contents of the encephalocele, and the use of the standard and reverse modes for viewing the CT images are all valuable in this evaluation.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Giant intracranial aneurysms simulating brain neoplasms on computed tomography.

Giant intracranial aneurysms (GIA) may simulate brain neoplasms on computed tomography (CT) scans. We present three cases in which a GIA was mistakenly diagnosed as a brain neoplasm on the basis of CT findings. The correct diagnosis was made in each case by cerebral angiography. The possibility of GIA must be considered when a nonenhanced CT study shows a well circumscribed mass without edema at the base of the brain and contrast infusion reveals homogeneous or inhomogeneous enhancement.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Two projection computed tomography: the axial and Towne projections.

It is occasionally necessary in evaluating lesions around the third ventricle and posterior fossa to supplement the axial view with another projection. The authors have routinely used the coronal projection as a second projection. However, the Towne view for computed tomography can be used as a second projection instead of the coronal; it is technically easier and faster to perform than the coronal projection, and provided good evaluation of the posterior fossa and para third ventricular areas in children.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of intraorbital optic nerve gliomas in children.

Optic nerve gliomas were diagnosed with computed tomography (CT) in 10 children. CT: (A) provides the best radiographic means of demonstrating the orbital portion of the optic nerves; (b) can evaluate the clinically unsuspected optic nerve for bilateral gliomas; (c) demonstrates gross intracranial involvement; and (d) can be used to follow the course of a glioma. Gliomas can present on CT as (a) a uniform thickening of the entire nerve; (b) a solitary fusiform enlargement of the nerve; or (c) an irregular solid thickening along the nerve. The authors routinely use axial CT of optic nerves as the primary diagnostic scan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Absence of the corpus callosum: computed tomographic evaluation in infants and children.

Absence of the corpus callosum (ACC) has a characteristic finding on computed tomography of an elevated third ventricle interposed between the lateral ventricles. Ten children with ACC, 8 with associated craniocerebral lesions, are presented. The chief importance of computed tomography is in the accurate demonstration of ACC and its commonly associated intracranial lesions, some of which can be surgically treated. Secondly, the diagnosis of ACC implies, to the clinician, a greater degree of cellular brain maldevelopment.

Adolescent↗