Biomedical subjects

S E Larsson

Publications and source records attributed to S E Larsson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Suramin inhibits growth of human osteosarcoma xenografts in nude mice.

The effect of suramin on tumor growth and morphology in two different human osteosarcoma xenografts (L-I OSM and L-II OSM) grown in BALB/cA-nu/nu mice was studied. Suramin (total dose, 720 mg/kg) given by i.p. injection (60 mg/kg/dose) for up to 9 weeks significantly inhibited osteosarcoma cell growth in both tumors, suramin-treated tumors showing only one-third or less of the volume of nontreated controls. Cell cycle distribution of tumor cells measured by DNA flow cytometry demonstrated that suramin treated caused accumulation of cells in the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, in both L-I OSM and L-II OSM. In the aneuploid L-II OSM tumor suramin preferentially inhibited the growth of aneuploid cells, leading to a decrease in the ratio of aneuploid to diploid cells. Both osteosarcomas retained their histological appearance and the liver, spleen, heart, and kidneys of the treated animals were unaffected by suramin. These results are compatible with the view that suramin inhibits the growth of human osteosarcomas by cytostatic effects.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Cell proliferation rate and tumor volume in human osteosarcoma during exposure to methotrexate. A study on tissue transplants in nude mice.

The growth inhibitory effect of methotrexate (MTX) on osteosarcoma cells was studied in dysthymic nude mice bearing tumor transplants obtained from a patient before (PRE-CHEM) and after (POST-CHEM) preoperative chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the distal femur. Cell proliferation was analyzed by autoradiographic evaluation of the fraction of labeled cells after continuous administration of 3H-thymidine for seven days. Histomorphometric analysis of the tissue distribution of cells in the partly ossified tumors was performed. The PRE-CHEM sarcoma transplants showed a significant reduction of labeled interphases from 52 to 1.7 percent upon daily MTX treatment of the mice as compared to controls. In contrast, MTX treatment did not inhibit cell proliferation in the POST-CHEM tumor transplants in which approximately 70 percent of the cells were labeled. Tumor volume increased by 65 and 54 percent in the MTX-treated PRE- and POST-CHEM groups, respectively. During the same eight-day period, control transplant volume increased by 30 percent (PRE-CHEM) and 20 percent (POST-CHEM). Tumor cell densities in the MTX-treated groups were reduced by a factor of approximately 11 in the PRE-CHEM transplants and by a factor of approximately 1.5 in the POST-CHEM transplants. The results show that in this patient the osteosarcoma cells had changed their responsiveness to MTX during the preoperative chemotherapy period. In both the MTX-sensitive and non-sensitive tumor lines, exposure to MTX induced increased tumor volume by increasing the extra cellular matrix volume, irrespective of the neoplastic cell proliferation rate. This effect of MTX was most pronounced in the MTX-sensitive tumor line. These results indicate that in the clinical situation it is difficult to judge the response to chemotherapy even from morphologic parameters.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Dynamic posturography in cervical vertigo.

Cervical vertigo, the entity of neck disorder and associated vestibular symptoms, was investigated in 15 suspected subjects and results were compared with 15 age-matched controls. A modified dynamic posturography investigation with different head positions was used. Head position was recorded 3-dimensionally with electrogoniometry. Differences on a sway-referenced forceplate were found.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Functional improvement and costs of hip and knee arthroplasty in destructive rheumatoid arthritis.

Functional improvement and costs were analysed in 54 patients after 23 hip and 31 knee arthroplasties. All patients had destructive RA (ARA criteria 5-8). Mean stay at the surgical department was 15 and 26 days respectively, regardless of preoperative locomotion status, sex, or age, but additional in-patient rehabilitation was significantly longer after knee than hip arthroplasty (11 days and 4 days, respectively). Subjective and objective status as evaluated with total locomotion score showed significant improvement 6 months after operation. The degree of over-all improvement was equal for men and women, for all age groups, and for the different score groups. Quality of life improved with pain relief, improved sleep, and improved walking ability. The mean total costs were 34,902 SEK for hip and 56,200 SEK for knee replacement, including in-patient rehabilitation. Costs for home help were reduced from 693,600 SEK to 479,400 SEK. Severely disabled patients showed satisfactory improvement, but did not reach the functional level achieved by patients who were less disabled at the time of operation. Costs were not significantly higher for the former category.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Joint disorders and walking disability in Sweden by the year 2000. Epidemiologic studies of a Swedish community.

The prevalence of joint complaints with walking disability, as well as clinically diagnosed hip and knee diseases, in Sweden in the year 2000 was calculated from data from a population survey that we made in a Swedish community (Atvidaberg) in 1986. The population was representative of that of the whole country. Among all 5,259 persons aged 45 years and older, 35 percent reported long-lasting joint complaints. The prevalence of clinically diagnosed degenerative joint disease was 14 percent, that of extraarticular disease 12 percent, inflammatory joint disease 2.4 percent, arthralgia 1.4 percent, and collagenoses 0.5 percent. From the official estimations of the Swedish 8.5 million population as to age classes and sex by the year 2000, joint complaints can be foreseen in 1.2 million inhabitants, representing a total increase of 0.16 million persons. The number of patients with destructive rheumatoid arthritis can be estimated at 58,000 in the year 2000.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Three-dimensional analysis of neck motion. A clinical method.

A clinical method is described for simultaneous recording of neck motion in three different planes using electrogoniometric equipment. Results correlated with those reported in the literature regarding separate examinations of the motion range in the separate planes. Correlation with conventional gravity goniometer was good as to flexion-extension and lateral flexion, whereas, for rotation, a compass goniometer showed poor correlation and, also, unsatisfactory reproducibility. The electrogoniometric recordings showed good correlation with radiographically determined flexion-extension occiput-C7 as well as lateral flexion C1-T1. Graphical recordings made in the three different planes demonstrated in detail the different movements that contribute to the complex motion pattern of the neck. This three-dimensional motion analysis affords a more objective functional evaluation of common neck disorders that may supplement radiographic examination.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Rheumatoid arthritis evaluated by locomotion score. A population study.

The effects of rheumatoid arthritis on locomotion status were assessed in an epidemiologically representative Swedish population sample. In a steady community of 12,707 inhabitants, 82 patients were found fulfilling ARA criteria 5-8 (Rome 1961). Prevalence was 0.51% for men, 0.78 for women and 0.65 in the overall population (unpublished observation). The ratio women:men was 1:0.67. Mean age was 65 (30-92) years, age at onset 47 (7-91) and disease duration 19 (1-65) years. All patients were evaluated clinically with total locomotion score (best = 100, worst = 0). This was 72 (24-96) overall; 76 (24-96) for men and 68 (30-94) for women. Among the ages above 64, women had significantly (p less than 0.02) lower scores than men. Mean subjective score (max. 100) was 62 (4-93) overall; 67 (5-93) for men and 58 (9-92) for women, and objective score (max. 100) 82 (23-100); 85 (44-99) for men and 78 (23-100) for women. Over the years, a total of 108 reconstructive operations had been performed on 36 out of the 82 patients (44%). Indication for further reconstructive surgery was found in as many as 56% of the patients, including 58 major joint replacements. Scores for patients in need of operation were significantly lower than those for those who were considered not to need an operation.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Hand function and total locomotion status in rheumatoid arthritis. An epidemiologic study.

The effects of destructive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on hand function, as well as total locomotion status, were assessed in a Swedish population sample. In a community of 12,707 inhabitants, 82 were found with RA fulfilling ARA criteria 5-8, i.e., a prevalence of 0.7 percent. Seventy-seven of the 82 cases were evaluated with Sollerman's hand function test and our total locomotion score. The mean hand score (max. 80) was 61 (0-78), with no difference between the right and the left hand or between men and women. Hand function worsened with increasing age of the patient, as well as with increasing disease duration. It was highly correlated with the total locomotion status of the patient. A high correlation was found between hand function and hospital care. However, total medical or social costs for these patients were not related to hand function, but merely to the status of the lower extremities.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Elbow arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis. Function after 1-2 years in 20 cases.

The function of the hand and arm was studied after total elbow arthroplasty in a consecutive series of 18 rheumatoid patients with a total of 20 primary arthroplasties and one revision. Extensive clinical evaluation with locomotion score and Sollerman's hand function test was undertaken preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. The mean flexion range increased 25 degrees and extension lag decreased 5 degrees. Pain relief was achieved in all the cases, and 16 of 20 primary operated on elbows became fully painfree. Hand function score (max. 80) improved from 52 to 64, upper extremity score (max. 100) from 57 to 68 and subjective score (max. 100) from 46 to 58. Complications were 2 cases of ulnar nerve paresthesia and 1 epicondylar fissure.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Chronic trapezius myalgia. Morphology and blood flow studied in 17 patients.

Bilateral open biopsies from the painful upper part of the trapezius muscle were studied in 17 patients with localized chronic myalgia related to static load during repetitive assembly work. Isolated pathologic ragged red fibers were related to the presence of myalgia. The phenomenon indicating disturbed mitochondrial function was confined to the Type 1 fibers. Using a laser-Doppler flowmeter, the muscle blood flow was recorded in the exposed muscle before a biopsy was taken. Pain was assessed and graded as the difference between the two sides, as was the presence of ragged red fibers. The myalgia correlated with reduced local blood flow: the greater the pain difference, the greater the reduction in blood flow. There was a correlation between the presence of mitochondrial changes and reduced muscle blood flow.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Locomotion score in rheumatoid arthritis.

A total locomotion score suited for clinical evaluation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis was developed and fulfilled the 1980 criteria of WHO. The grading system distinguished a subjective score for pain and ability from an objective score for physical signs, and it assessed the upper and lower extremities separately. The total locomotion score consisted of the total subjective and total objective scores combined. The three total assessments each showed a linear relationship to Steinbrocker's four functional classes when tested in 106 rheumatoid patients with ARA criteria 5-8. The interobserver reliability was good. The multifactorial assessment data were monitored by a computer.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1988

Muscle changes in work-related chronic myalgia.

Muscle biopsies from the descending portion of the trapezius muscle were studied in 9 healthy subjects and in 10 patients with localized chronic myalgia related to static load during repetitive assembly work for 16 (10-31) years, with 10 (4-26) months of sick leave at the time of biopsy. Both categories showed isolated atrophic muscle fibers and occasional abnormal fibers with internally situated nuclei, some variation in fiber diameter, and fiber splitting. Fibers with a "moth-eaten" appearance due to a multifocal loss of oxidative enzyme activity were frequent both in the healthy and in the myalgic individuals. In contrast, isolated pathologic "ragged red" fibers were only found in the cases with myalgia (8 of 10), strongly suggesting mitochondrial damage. The phenomenon was confined to the Type 1 fibers. The frequency of Type 1 fibers was increased. Levels of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate were reduced in myalgia patients, whereas lactate, pyruvate, and glycogen levels were normal, as well as phosphoryl creatine and total creatine.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. A prospective consecutive series followed for six to 11 years.

A consecutive prospective series of 102 knees (90 patients) had unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (St. Georg "sledge") between 1973 and 1979 for gonarthrosis, Stages 2-4. Total clinical and roentgenographical evaluation was undertaken after 5-11 years (mean, 8.1 years) and included all 75 surviving patients. Fully comparable results were encountered in the 15 patients who died during the observation period. There were no early revisions but five late revisions; two due to loosening, one late infection, one instability, and one intractable pain. Complete loosening occurred in four patients (4%). Functional score (Hospital for Special Surgery method) averaged 77 points (preoperative, 43) with no tendency of deterioration with time. Loss of initially achieved alignment was generally associated with bone resorption around the tibial component. Minor arthrotic changes of the non-operated compartment occurred in 4% of the cases.

Aged↗

PubMed1987

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) in rheumatoid cervical subluxation.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded in 34 patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis. Eighteen had atlanto-axial subluxation and 16 had no roentgenological evidence of cervical subluxation. Four patients in the group with cervical subluxation showed pathological SSEP values from both median and tibial nerves indicating conduction block in the upper cervical medulla. In the group with no cervical subluxation, 6 patients had prolonged SSEP latency, 5 of these on recordings from the tibial nerves with normal median nerve latencies and one with only bilaterally prolonged median nerve latencies. The pathological SSEP findings in the former group of patients we attribute to the cervical subluxation, while the findings in the latter group might be related to spinal cord vasculitis or extradural granulation tissue. The SSEP method can be useful in providing objective evidence for spinal cord lesions in patients with rheumatoid cervical subluxation.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMed1986

Medullary compression in rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation evaluated by computerized tomography.

CT examination of rheumatoid dislocation in the C1-C2 region was performed in 20 patients with advanced disease. The patients were classified in three grades according to the degree of medullary compression caused by the odontoid process in the extended position of the neck. Five patients showed no dural or medullary compression (grade 1), nine dural compression (grade 2), and six medullary compression (grade 3). CT grading was found to correlate best with long tract symptoms. These were present in 4/6 grade 3 and 0/5 grade 1 patients, while 3/9 grade 2 patients had long tract symptoms. Tissue attenuation values over the anterior atlanto-axial joint indicated interposing firm connective tissue in patients showing no reduction of the subluxation on extension of the neck.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Dilatation of cerebral ventricles in patients with rheumatoid vertical atlanto-axial subluxation.

Twenty-four patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, 12 of them with anterior atlanto-axial subluxation alone and 12 with vertical atlanto-axial subluxation, were examined by echo-encephalographic measurement of the width of third and lateral cerebral ventricles. The 12 patients with anterior atlanto-axial subluxation showed normal values for the third and the lateral ventricles. Ten of the 12 patients with vertical atlanto-axial subluxation had increased width of third and lateral ventricles, indicating hydrocephalus.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on fracture healing. Calcium, phosphate, and zinc in callus and serum.

The incorporation of calcium, phosphate, and zinc into the callus of closed tibial fractures was studied in adult rats fed a standard diet. Low doses (60 ng/kg per day) of 1,25(OH)2D3 5 days a week greatly increased early callus mineralization. This was not related to an increased serum calcium-phosphate molar product but rather to a decreased ratio. The incorporation of zinc into callus seemed to be correlated to the mineralization process but not to the 1,25(OH)2D3 administration as such. The question of a direct, indirect, or a complex role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in bone formation and mineralization is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Multiple trauma and zinc metabolism in adult rats.

Zinc metabolism and turnover were studied after oral 65Zn given to 1-year-old rats before acute fracture trauma, after which calcium balance was decreased but still positive, while that of zinc was highly negative due to early increased intestinal excretion and late increased urinary excretion. Decreased serum calcium was related to increased urinary excretion while serum zinc initially seemed to be lowered by a metallothionein-mediated flux into the liver. The intestinal and late urinary losses of zinc would greatly affect the body stores of zinc. The specific activity of 65Zn and the zinc accretion rate were increased in intact rat skeletons. A similar but not so extensive reaction of intact control rats in this study indicates a liability in the homeostasis of zinc for adult rats.

Animals↗