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Biomedical subjects

S E Levy

Publications and source records attributed to S E Levy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Pediatric assessment of the child with developmental delay.

With the recent mandate for early intervention services, the pediatrician is more involved than ever in the identification and evaluation of children with developmental disabilities. Developmental surveillance at routine visits and listening to parental concerns are crucial in the early diagnosis of developmental delay so that therapeutic interventions can be provided at a time when there is a good chance of decreasing disability and family stress. Medical evaluations and consultations must be prudent and based on a thorough history and physical. The pediatrician must have the knowledge and skills to coordinate medical care and to counsel and provide support to the child and family as they receive habilitative services and come to terms with the developmental diagnoses.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Impaired emotional health in children with mild reading disability.

Children with reading disabilities are at risk for emotional difficulties. There is some evidence that reading-disabled children with high socioeconomic status may be at risk of having low self-esteem. We conducted a preliminary study of the impact of reading disability on children's self-esteem and emotional health in a select group of mildly impaired reading disabled children with well-educated parents who were well informed about reading disabilities. We interviewed 28 healthy, preadolescent boys and girls with mean reading delay of 9.0 months and 39 comparable nonreading disabled children who formed the control group. Children and parents completed the Harter's Self-Perception Profile. Parents completed the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist and Rand Mental Health Survey. We found that these mildly impaired reading-disabled children were more anxious and less happy than were nondisabled students despite having well-informed, well-educated parents (mean level of education = 17.0 years). Reading-disabled children considered themselves to be less competent scholastically, and their parents rated them as less competent than nondisabled children on all measures of self-esteem. These well-educated mothers tended to underrate their child's perceived scholastic competence. Controlling for behavior problems, Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist scores for social competence were lower for reading-disabled children. These findings suggest that the mildly impaired reading-disabled children with high socioeconomic status are at risk for low self-esteem and poor emotional health.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Developmental patterns of normal nutritive sucking in infants.

The purpose of this investigation was to quantify normal nutritive sucking, using a microcomputer-based instrument which replicated the infant's customary bottle-feeding routine. 86 feeding sessions were recorded from infants ranging between 1.5 and 11.5 months of age. Suck height, suck area and percentage of time spent sucking were unrelated to age. Volume per suck declined with age, as did intersuck interval, which corresponded to a more rapid sucking rate. This meant that volume per minute of sucking time was fairly constant. The apparatus provided an objective description of the patterns of normal nutritive sucking in infants to which abnormal sucking patterns may be compared.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Proficiency testing materials for pH and blood gases. The California Thoracic Society experience.

The California Thoracic Society Blood Gas Proficiency Testing Program distributed ampules from three separate lots of quality control products every three months as unknowns to participating clinical (survey) laboratories and ten selected reference laboratories. For eight quarters, aqueous buffers were distributed. For each lot, PCO2 and pH measurements varied within narrow ranges between laboratories. Concurrently, the PO2 measurements varied widely between reference laboratories as well as survey laboratories, but varied minimally when repeatedly assessed on each reference laboratory machine. Change to a fluorocarbon-containing emulsion as a testing medium resulted in a significant reduction in within model and overall variability for PO2. We attribute this reduction in variability to the higher O2 content and decreased temperature sensitivity for PO2 of the fluorocarbon-containing emulsion. Because we have no evidence that the magnitude of the interinstrument differences in PO2 found with these materials would be found with fresh human blood we recommend that regulatory agencies use the results of proficiency testing for PO2 cautiously.

Blood↗
PubMed1986

Lead poisoning in a child with a gunshot wound.

Lead poisoning has infrequently resulted from gunshot wounds with retained lead particles in adults. This has not been previously found in children. The case of an 8-year-old boy in whom lead poisoning developed soon after a gunshot wound is reported. The child had no symptoms directly related to lead poisoning, but he received chelation therapy. The case demonstrates the need to consider lead poisoning in children with retained particles following gunshot wounds.

Chelating Agents↗
PubMed1981

Lack of sensitivity of measurements of Vd/Vt at rest and during exercise in detection of hemodynamically significant pulmonary vascular abnormalities in collagen vascular disease.

Wasted ventilation fraction (Vd/Vt) normally declines substantially during exercise in persons without lung disease. Failure of Vd/Vt to decrease during exercise has been reported to be one of the earliest abnormalities in patients with dyspnea caused by pulmonary vaso-occlusive disease, suggesting that measurement of Vd/Vt at rest and during exercise are useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary vascular disorders. We studied pulmonary hemodynamic and Vd/Vt responses to exercise in 11 patients in the supine position with suspected pulmonary vascular involvement caused by progressive systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or recurrent pulmonary emboli, 10 of whom had dyspnea at rest and/or on exertion. In contrast to previous reports of no change or an increase in Vd/Vt during exercise in patients with pulmonary vascular disease, we found Vd/Vt to decrease significantly during exercise in 8 of 9 patients in whom mean pulmonary artery pressures were abnormally elevated at rest and/or during exercise. Our findings suggest that normal responses of Vd/Vt to exercise do not exclude hemodynamically significant pulmonary vaso-occlusive disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Mechanism of arterial hypoxemia following pulmonary thromboembolism in dogs.

Mongrel dogs (29) were anesthetized, paralyzed, and ventilated at a constant minute volume. AaD02 breathing air and 100% O2, venous admixture breathing air (Qva/Qt) and 100% O2 (Qs/Qt), single-breath diffusing capacity for CO (DLCO), and total pulmonary resistance (RL) and pulmonary compliance (CL) were measured before and after pulmonary embolization with autologus in vivo venous thrombi. Nine dogs were heparinized before embolization. In the 20 nonheparinized dogs AaDo2 breathing air increased from 11 to 26 mmHg, Qva/Qt from 4 to 22%, and Qs/At from 5 to 8%. DLCO decreased 24%, RL increased 43%, and CL fell 30%. In the nine heparinized dogs AaDo2 breathing air increased from 8 to 13 mmHg and Qva/Qt from 3 to 8%; Qs/Qt did not change. DLCO decreased 31%; RL and CL did not change significantly. The increase in Qva/Qt of 5% in the heparinized dogs was significantly less (P smaller than 0.001) than the increase of 18% in the nonheparinized dogs. These findings suggest that arterial hypoxemia following thromboembolism is due to ventilation-perfusion inequality caused by changes in lung mechanics.

Animals↗