PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S E Moore

Publications and source records attributed to S E Moore.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Nerve dependent regulation of neural cell adhesion molecule expression in skeletal muscle.

The expression of neural cell adhesion molecule was analysed by indirect immunofluorescence on adult mouse skeletal muscle subjected to a variety of experimental lesions. Adult mouse muscle does not express neural cell adhesion molecule at the sarcolemma. However, following denervation there is a rapid rise in neural cell adhesion molecule levels; this is initially in the cytoplasm of the myofibres but by 18 days there is intense reactivity at the sarcolemma. A nerve crush lesion was used to show that the increase in neural cell adhesion molecule levels following denervation is accompanied by a switch-off of neural cell adhesion molecule expression following reinnervation. Paralysis of skeletal muscle by botulinum toxin injection is sufficient to activate neural cell adhesion molecule expression. As paralysis of skeletal muscle by botulinum toxin is not accompanied by activation of muscle satellite cells or degeneration products of nerve or myelin, it suggests that the observed levels of neural cell adhesion molecule are synthesised by myofibres. As the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in these lesions parallels the ability of skeletal muscle to accept innervation it is possible that neural cell adhesion molecule acts as a molecular cue at the sarcolemma in regulating synaptogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Expression of muscle cell surface antigen 5.1H11 in infantile or juvenile spinal muscular atrophy.

Monoclonal antibody 5.1H11 reacts with a cell surface antigen of human myoblasts and myotubes in cell culture. We found that levels of this antigen decrease to background levels during development of fetal muscle, and this down-regulation occurs after innervation. Adult myofibers are uniformly negative for 5.1H11 reactivity. Denervated muscle fibers from cases of Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and Kugelberg-Welander syndrome expressed 5.1H11 reactivity, while innervated fibers on the same sections were negative. Levels of 5.1H11 antigen therefore appear to be regulated by nerve in these spinal muscular atrophies.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1986

The impact of 'Bottle Bill' legislation on the incidence of lacerations in childhood.

We studied the effect of legislation requiring deposits for beverage containers on the incidence of lacerations in urban children. Records of emergency room visits for lacerations and fractures were reviewed for three years pre-legislation (1980-82) and the immediate post-legislation period (1983). The incidence of total sutured lacerations did not change substantially after the legislation, but glass-related lacerations fell by 60 per cent, due to a reduced incidence in lacerations occurring outside of the home.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Expression of cell adhesion molecule, N-CAM, in diseases of adult human skeletal muscle.

Antibody to the cell adhesion molecule N-CAM was used for analysis of cryostat sections using indirect immunofluorescence assay of human muscle biopsies from patients with a variety of muscle diseases. Positive staining was restricted to cases where haematoxylin and eosin staining revealed regenerating myofibers. N-CAM reactivity was specifically found associated with such regenerating fibres. No staining was found on normal adult, degenerating or necrotic fibres. In addition, in chronically denervated muscle disease there was no staining of either atrophic fibres or reinnervated fibres that tended to exist in fibre type specific groupings. N-CAM can therefore be regarded as a specific gene product of regenerating myofibres and is an additional marker of these fibres on biopsy of human muscle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Specific regulation of N-CAM/D2-CAM cell adhesion molecule during skeletal muscle development.

The expression of the N-CAM/D2-CAM cell adhesion molecule was studied in skeletal muscle. In cell cultures derived from adult human muscle N-CAM/D2-CAM was found at the cell surface of myoblasts and myotubes but not fibroblasts, showing that N-CAM/D2-CAM is a specific gene product of muscle. Western blots showed that the anti N-CAM/D2-CAM antibody reacted with a single protein band of 180 000 daltons in these cultures that differed in mobility from the broad band of 150 000-200 000 daltons found in brain. N-CAM/D2-CAM is also expressed by muscle at certain stages of development. Human foetal muscle of 10 and 20 weeks gestation showed N-CAM/D2-CAM around developing myofibres while both fast and slow adult muscle fibres did not express N-CAM/D2-CAM, suggesting that the protein is down regulated during myofibre maturation. This was studied further in developing rat muscle where N-CAM/D2-CAM was found on myofibres in the day 1 neonate, but had disappeared by day 9. N-CAM/D2-CAM is, however, re-expressed in human muscle disease where there is muscle regeneration such as in polymyositis, and here is associated with classic regenerating myofibres. N-CAM/D2-CAM expression is temporally regulated and is expressed only at times of synapse formation consistent with the idea that it may be involved in early nerve-muscle interactions.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1984

Immunocytochemical analysis of fibre type differentiation in developing skeletal muscle.

Two monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) reactive with 'fast' and 'slow' adult myosin heavy chains have been produced and used in the analysis of human and rat muscle fibre type development. Expression of adult 'slow' myosin heavy chain was detected in human foetal muscle fibres as early as 14 weeks of gestation and in 1 day newborn rat muscle fibres. The standard histochemical stains used to show muscle fibre type do not distinguish fast from slow fibres at this early stage of development. These McAbs should therefore be of value in identifying factors involved in the differentiation of myotubes into fast and slow muscle fibres.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Study of HLA antigens in ten multiple-case rheumatoid arthritis families.

We studied the inheritance of HLA haplotypes in 10 families with more than one member affected with adult onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The frequency of DR4 was 81% among these patients. Nine families had DR4 bearing haplotypes and homozygosity for DR4 existed in 4 families. In 6 of these families DR4 positive haplotypes were shared among affected members. All but one of the affected sibs shared at least one haplotype with their index case. Ten percent of the unaffected relatives had rheumatoid factor (RF). HLA-DR4 or associated genes appeared to confer susceptibility for RF production and development of RA. However, these haplotypes were inherited also by many sibs who did not develop any manifestations of disease.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1983

Extracellular matrix antigen of human muscle defined by a monoclonal antibody.

A monoclonal antibody (7.1B3) has been produced in mice previously immunised with a glycoprotein fraction prepared from human myotube cells grown in tissue culture. The antibody precipitates an antigen complex of four glycoprotein components from detergent extracted human muscle myotube cultures. These are two chains of about 205K MW and two chains of about 130-140K MW. The antigen complex is trypsin-sensitive collagenase insensitive and bands as a complex of 10S on sucrose gradients in NP40. Indirect immunofluorescence studies on cell cultures of myoblasts and myotubes showed that the antigen existed in a number of locations: as a granular stain on the cell surface of myotubes, and as short streaks of immunoreactivity in the extracellular matrix. Clonal populations of myoblasts and myotubes gave a similar result showing that 7.1B3 is specifically synthesized by cells of the myogenic lineage. Double indirect immunofluorescence staining with 7.1B3 antibody and fibronectin antibody showed no overlap of immunoreactivity indicating that these two antigens are different. 7.1B3 antigen was found during human fetal muscle development in vivo at all time points studied from 15 weeks onwards. Immunoreactivity was localised to the loose extracellular matrix and in the endomysium. Perymysium staining was very prominent at 25 weeks and in adult muscle. Double staining of 7.1B3 antibody and alpha-bungarotoxin was carried out to determine whether 7.1B3 was present in synaptic junctions. Although 7.1B3 was found in the endomysium it is excluded from synaptic areas. We conclude that 7.1B3 antibody defines a new and novel antigen in the extracellular matrix of human muscle in vivo and in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Inspiratory and expiratory partitioning of airway resistance during sleep in patients with sleep apnea.

Although the sleep apnea hypersomnolence syndrome (SAHS) is now a widely recognized disorder, little is known about the timing and pathogenesis of the abnormal airway mechanics that lead to airway occlusion. In order to characterize the changes in airway resistance and to determine if abnormal airway mechanics are confined to inspiration or expiration in SAHS, we separately determined the inspiratory and expiratory resistances on the 2 breaths preceding occlusive apnea in 7 patients. We observed that 6 subjects experienced a significant increase in expiratory resistance, and 5 subjects had a significant rise in inspiratory resistance from the second to the first breath before apnea. For the group, the median expiratory resistance increased from 11.5 to 18.6 cm H2O/L/s (p less than 0.05), and the median inspiratory resistance increased from 10.5 to 17.5 cm H2O/L/s (p less than 0.05) on the 2 breaths before apnea. We conclude that airway abnormalities occur during both the expiratory and the inspiratory phases of ventilation on breath(s) leading to apnea and, therefore, the loss of airway patency is not solely an inspiratory phenomenon. It is also apparent that patients with SAHS thus experience both inspiratory and expiratory resistive loading prior to apnea.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

CPAP via nasal mask: a treatment for occlusive sleep apnea.

A 38-year-old man had incapacitating hypersomnolence and severe occlusive sleep apnea. Baseline polysomnography revealed 92.9 apneic episodes per hour of sleep. Application of nasal continuous positive airway pressure through a modified nasal nitrous mask using a ball-valve resistor resulted in reduction of occlusive apnea to 1.17 episodes per hour of sleep and marked improvement in the quality of sleep.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The threshold of sleep: perception of sleep as a function of time asleep and auditory threshold.

A number of studies have found that many subjects have reported being awake when awakened during various periods of electroencephalographically (EEG)-defined sleep. These observations have led to an examination of the perception of sleep after periods when EEG-defined sleep was experimentally varied between 1 and 140 min. Twelve normal young adult subjects slept in the laboratory for 5 consecutive nights. Each subject was briefly awakened five times on each night, and subjective state, auditory arousal threshold, and sleep/wake time estimation data were collected. The threshold of sleep onset (i.e., the point at which a report of sleep was given 50% of the time) occurred 2-4 min after the first sleep spindle. In contrast, auditory thresholds rose rapidly within 1 min of the first sleep spindle. The threshold data corroborate the appearance of a sleep spindle as an objective measure of sleep onset. However, subjective sleep onset appears to be a relatively lengthy period during which perception of state is blurred and uncertain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Periodic breathing in infants with histories of prolonged apnea.

Periodic breathing (PB) during sleep was investigated in two groups of full-term infants with histories of apnea that were terminated by resuscitation. One group of infants had been reported to be asleep whereas the other group had been reported to be awake when apnea was noted. Electrophysiologic sleep recordings were made after the apneic incident. The infants with histories of prolonged apnea while asleep exhibited more PB during recorded sleep than infants with histories of apnea while awake. Increased PB during sleep in full-term infants, therefore, may not be associated with all prolonged apneic episodes in infants but may be specifically associated with those episodes that occur during sleep.

Apnea↗
PubMed1981

Selective-differential medium for isolation and differentiation of pectinatus from other brewery microorganisms.

An agar medium, LL-agar (lactate-lead acetate) was designed to selectively differentiate members of the genus Pectinatus (S. Y. Lee, M. S. Mabee, and N. O. Jangaard, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 28:582-594, 1978; S. Y. Lee, M. S. Mabee, N. O. Jangaard, and E. K. Horiuchi, J. Inst. Brew. 86:28-30, 1980) from other brewery microorganisms. Selectivity was achieved by the use of sodium lactate as the sole source of carbon and phenylethyl alcohol as an inhibitor for aerobic gram-negative bacteria and yeast. Differentiation was established by the introduction of lead acetate into the medium, which reacted with the H(2)S liberated by Pectinatus and resulted in a blackening of the Pectinatus colonies while the other brewery organisms, when present, remained white. In combination with the Lee tube (J. E. Ogg, S. Y. Lee, and B. J. Ogg, Can. J. Microbiol. 25:987-990, 1979) and this medium, isolation of Pectinatus organisms from beer samples was accomplished with convenience and simplicity.

Journal Article↗