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Biomedical subjects

S E Solomon

Publications and source records attributed to S E Solomon.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The characterisation and distribution of cells lining the axillary gland of the adult green turtle (Chelonia mydas L.).

The axillary gland of the marine turtle lies in the angle formed by the carapace and plastron. The gland is compound tubular and the secretions released by the various acini are conveyed to the exterior via a large excretory duct lined by stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium. The main secretory areas are lined by holocrine cells, i.e. they degenerate on discharging their contents. The epithelium lining the short ducts which carry the holocrine secretions to the large excretory duct is invaginated regularly giving rise to shallow intraepithelial acini. The cells lining these acini are of two types, granular and mitochondrial. These cells communicate via complex infoldings of their lateral cell walls. The granular cells produce an acidic mucosubstance. The holocrine regions are embedded in a large amount of striated muscle and are separated from the latter by a band of collagen containing variable numbers of melanocytes. The short secretory ducts and large excretory duct have less muscle associated with them but there is a corresponding increase in the volume of collagen. When handled, the adult turtle ejects a milky fluid via the plastral pore. This pungent secretion is weakly acidic.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The localisation of beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase in the oviduct of the domestic fowl.

1. Beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase [EC 3.2.1.30] activity in the oviduct of the domestic fowl has been studied using biochemical and histochemical methods. 2. The principal source of the enzyme was the isthmus, where the enzyme was localised within the less dense region of the dual density granules which characterise this portion of the oviduct.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1977

The ultrastructure of the follicle wall of the domestic fowl during the phase of rapid growth.

The development of a standard technique for fixing the developing follicle for ultrastructural studies is described. 2. The follicle wall is shown to be a multi-layered structure which exhibits a number of morphological changes concomitant with yolk protein transfer, the most significant of which are the intercellular channels which form between the granulosa cells during the fast phase of protein transfer.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Localisation and characterisation of egg shell porphyrins in several avian species.

1. Electron microscopy, infra-red analysis and histochemical techniques have been used to determine the site of pigment deposition, the cellular localisation of pigment and the type of pigment precipitated in the egg shells of quail, White Leghorn, Brown Ranger and Black-Headed gull. 2. Transfer of pigment occurs via the surface epithelial cells of the shell gland. 3. Porphyrins are probably synthesised in the blood. 4. Possible pigment deposition mechanisms are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Studies on the isthmus region of the somestic fowl.

The isthmus extends from the aglandular zone, which delimits it from the magnum, to the tubular shell gland, which to the naked eye is marked by a distinct colour change from off-white to brown. 2. The surface epithelium comprises three cell types, ciliated, non-ciliated and mitochondrial, of which only the non-ciliated cells contribute towards the carbohydrate moiety of the shell membranes. 3. The gland cells are distinctive, containing granules of variable electron density, variations also occurring within individual granules. 4. Although two types of gland cell have been observed, they may merely represent different phases of development. 5. In the type 1 cell, the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex are typical of the normal protein secreting cell; in the type 2 cell the RER is sparse, dilated and filled with intracisternal granules while the Golgi complex is likewise distended.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The ultrastructural localization of calcium in the avian shell gland.

Fluctuating concentrations of calcium in the blood supplying the avian shell gland are not reflected at tissue level. Analyses of oviducal mucosa throughout the laying cycle show that the concentration of calcium remains relatively unaltered even at peak activity thereby implying a rapid transfer process. These experiments describe the use of potassium pyroantimonate as a localizing agent. The precipitate produced by injecting the latter via the aorta was identified as calcium pyroantimonate by electron diffraction and the efficiency of the precipitant estimated by neutron activation analysis of eggshells present in the shell gland at the time of operation. Results indicate that calcium is transferred across the surface epithelial cells of the shell gland (tubular and pouch regions). Its localization in the former is taken as an indication of the involvement of this region in the production of the mammillary mantle.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bisphosphonates: a potential role in the prevention of osteoporosis in laying hens.

Osteoporosis in layers is associated with the modelling and remodelling of medullary bone. Cancellous bone volume (CBV) decreases initially during medullary bone modelling and continues to decrease during subsequent remodelling. In an attempt to maintain peak structural bone mass, the bisphosphonate, alendronate, was administered to pullets before medullary bone modelling. At point of lay CBV was significantly greater (P<0.01) in the alendronate group (17.59 per cent) than in controls (13.79 per cent), while medullary bone volume (MBV) was not significantly affected. After 20 weeks, CBV remained significantly higher (P<0.02) in the alendronate group (12.72 per cent) than in controls (9.80 per cent) and MBV was lower in the alendronate group than the control group. CBV was however reduced and MBV increased in both groups compared with values at point of lay. Alendronate therefore appeared to prevent the bone loss associated with medullary bone modelling but not that which occurs during remodelling.

Alendronate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On an island by myself: women of color with facial distinctions.

Twenty-five women of color with early or late-onset facial distinctions between the ages of 18 and 44 were interviewed as part of a larger study investigating the psychosocial sequelae of facial distinction. Women were asked to report their thoughts about the ways other people perceived them, about their self-perceptions, and about difficult aspects of having a facial distinction. Findings indicate that facial distinction is a salient, pervasive, and overwhelming physical attribute. Society exerts a negative influence on all people with distinctions. This is accomplished by strictly defining what is an acceptable physical appearance and what is not and excluding those who do not conform to the standard. The findings point towards new areas for research including cross-cultural, cross-gender, and cross-distinction studies. Recommendations for clinical intervention are offered.

Adolescent↗