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Biomedical subjects

S Ehrlich

Publications and source records attributed to S Ehrlich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Optimal daytime feeding regimen to prevent postprandial hypoglycemia in type 1 glycogen storage disease.

To determine the optimal daytime dietary regimen for type 1 glycogen storage disease (GSD), we used uncooked cornstarch (UCS) at a basal glucose production rate (GPR) in single and divided doses, with mixed meals at 0700 and 1700 h. This regimen was compared with a 1.5 times larger single dose of UCS at 0700 h, and with dextrose at GPR at 1200 h. Two-hour UCS loads (amount equal to GPR in 2 h) given with a mixed meal at 0700 h and 180 min later maintained mean blood glucose (BG) concentrations at greater than or equal to 4.2 mmol/L for 300 min. BG was significantly greater from 240 to 300 min compared with a single 4-h UCS load, and at 300 min compared with a single 6-h UCS load. Similar effects were noted when the divided UCS regimen was given with a mixed meal at 1700 h, but not when isoenergetic amounts of dextrose were given on the same schedules with a mixed meal at 1200 h. A daytime schedule of six UCS feedings (with the three main meals and 180 min later) at GPR maintains BG at concentrations that should minimize biochemical abnormalities and optimize clinical outcome in patients with GSD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Unrecognized stenosis by angiography documented by intravascular ultrasound imaging.

This report documents how intravascular ultrasound imaging was used to diagnose a short "napkin-ring" stenosis that was missed by coronary angiography. Intravascular ultrasound revealed a lumen of 2.6 x 2.5 mm in diameter and 5.0 mm2 in cross-sectional area, with a residual atheroma that occluded 63% of available cross-sectional area at the stenosis.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Personality correlates and cyclicity in positive and negative affect.

The current study investigated over time variation of Positive and Negative Affect and the relation between mood level and personality characteristics. 68 male undergraduate volunteers completed the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire and then recorded mood ratings daily over a 29-day period. Spectra time series analyses showed a distinct and significant seven-day cycle for Positive Affect and Negative Affect, with the peak in Negative Affect occurring approximately three days after that of Positive Affect. Positive Affect was significantly correlated with scores on Well-being, Social Closeness, Social Potency, and Absorption scales of the questionnaire, while Negative Affect was significantly related to scores on the Stress-Reaction, Alienation, and Aggression scales.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The value of hysterosalpingography before reversal of sterilization procedures involving the fallopian tubes.

Knowledge of the length of the uterine end of the fallopian tube and the presence of tubal adhesions and fistulas is important when surgical reversal is undertaken in patients who have had tubal ligation. We retrospectively studied hysterosalpingograms in 127 such patients to determine their value in providing this information. The ligation was performed by using the Pomeroy technique in 57 patients. Sixty-one patients had bipolar electrocautery, six had Falope rings inserted, and three had Hulka clips applied. In all cases, the uterine ends of the tube were visualized to a point of obstruction. The sites of occlusion after Pomeroy ligation were midtubal (46%), cornual (16%), proximal ampullary (16%), proximal isthmic (14%), and intramural (8%). After the electrocautery procedure, the sites of occlusion were proximal isthmic (45%), intramural (20%), midtubal (19%), cornual (15%), and proximal ampullary (1%). When Falope rings and Hulka clips were used, the most frequent site of occlusion was midtubal (50%). Tubal adhesions, consistent with successful occlusion, were detected in 16 patients on the basis of a small confined area of extravasation of contrast material at the site of ligation. Tuboperitoneal fistulas, identified by the presence of contrast material spilled from the uterine end of the tube into the peritoneal cavity, were detected in five patients. Our results show that hysterosalpingography is a useful technique for determining the status of the uterine end of the fallopian tube after ligation when reversal of ligation is planned.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Occurrence of strabismus in infants born to drug-dependent women.

Maternal drug abuse during pregnancy exposes the fetus to the possibility of toxic or addicting effects. At a methadone hydrochloride maintenance program providing medical care to drug-dependent women and their infants, ophthalmologic examinations of all infants born during a 36-month period were performed. Twenty-nine infants prenatally exposed to psychoactive drugs were seen at birth and on follow-up. The 24% prevalence of strabismus found in the drug-exposed infants was significantly greater than that of 2.8% to 5.3% reported in the general population. These data suggest that maternal drug abuse and increased methadone dosage during pregnancy may predispose infants to the development of strabismus.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Spatial frequency filtering and target identification.

Twenty subjects identified filtered pictures of previously learned target stimuli. Five filters were utilized: 3 two-octave wide band-pass and 2 complementary (same cutoff) high- and low-pass. Response times and per cent errors were used to assess performance. The filtered pictures were presented at two sizes: to ten subjects at twice the size presented to the other ten. The results indicated that higher spatial frequencies contribute more to the identification task than do the low spatial frequencies, but also that neither low nor very high frequencies are redundant for identification. It was also seen that both the proximal (c/deg) and the distal (c/picture) scales of spatial frequency measurement are involved in the identification process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effect of double-strand breaks on homologous recombination in mammalian cells and extracts.

We examined the effect of double-strand breaks on homologous recombination between two plasmids in human cells and in nuclear extracts prepared from human and rodent cells. Two pSV2neo plasmids containing nonreverting, nonoverlapping deletions were cotransfected into cells or incubated with cell extracts. Generation of intact neo genes was monitored by the ability of the DNA to confer G418r to cells or Neor to bacteria. We show that double-strand breaks at the sites of the deletions enhanced recombination frequency, whereas breaks outside the neo gene had no effect. Examination of the plasmids obtained from experiments involving the cell extracts revealed that gene conversion events play an important role in the generation of plasmids containing intact neo genes. Studies with plasmids carrying multiple polymorphic genetic markers revealed that markers located within 1,000 base pairs could be readily coconverted. The frequency of coconversion decreased with increasing distance between the markers. The plasmids we constructed along with the in vitro system should permit a detailed analysis of homologous recombinational events mediated by mammalian enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Ceftizoxime kinetics and renal handling.

The kinetics and renal handling of ceftizoxime were examined after intravenous and intramuscular injection and the effect of probenecid on its excretion was investigated. Peak serum level after 1000 mg IV was 60.5 microgram/ml and half-life (t 1/2) was 1.4 hr. Peak serum level (40.9 microgram/ml) was reached 1 hr after 1000 mg IM. When probenecid was added to the 1000-mg IM dose the peak level was 44.3 microgram/ml at 1 hr and serum levels at 2, 4, 6, and 8 hr were all higher than after ceftizoxime alone (P less than 0.01). The 1.85-hr t 1/2 of ceftizoxime alone was extended to 2.29 hr when probenecid was added. Ceftizoxime was shown to be actively secreted by the renal tubule; this secretion was decreased by probenecid.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Kinetics and renal handling of cefonicid.

Cefonicid kinetics were determined after intravenous and intramuscular injection and the renal handling of the drug was examined, including the effect of probenecid on its excretion. Peak serum levels after 1000 and 500 mg intravenously was 221 and 91 micrograms/ml. The half-life (t1/2) was the same for both regimens (3.5 hr). Intramuscular injection of the 1000- and 500-mg doses resulted in peak serum levels of 112 and 40 micrograms/ml. When probenecid was given with the 500-mg dose, the peak serum level was 61 micrograms/ml and the time to peak level rose from 1.3 to 2.5 hr. The t1/2 after 1000 and 500 mg alone was much the same at 4.8 and 4.9 hr. The addition of probenecid to the 500-mg dose extended the t1/2 and 7.5 hr. Renal clearance, excretion, and secretion rates for cefonicid were reduced by the addition of probenecid. Cefonicid's long t1/2 and high blood levels may provide clinical efficacy with a single daily dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Eye movements and integrating information across fixations.

A series of experiments was conducted in which a word or letter string initially appeared in parafoveal vision, followed by the subject's eye movement to the stimulus. During the saccade, the initially displayed stimulus was replaced by a word that the subject was asked to read. The results indicated that the types of prior parafoveal information studied facilitated the naming of the word. The effect was obtained when the subject made an eye movement and when the saccade was simulated. There was also evidence that attentional allocation was tied to the direction of the eye movement.

Eye Movements↗