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Biomedical subjects

S Ekvall

Publications and source records attributed to S Ekvall.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Linear growth measurement: a comparison of single arm-lengths and arm-span.

An investigation was done to determine whether the arm-lengths of 44 children with myelomeningocele differed from those of 96 control children; whether the level of the meningocele lesion has any effect on arm-length; and to compare the relationship between arm-length and both stature and age. Mean total arm-lengths did not differ significantly between the two groups of children. However, the mean arm-spans of children with high myelomeningocele lesions differed significantly from those of control children. Within the myelomeningocele group, the height of the lesion had no significant effect on any of the arm-length variables. Very high positive correlations were found between upper-arm and total arm-lengths and stature, and between arm-span and stature in the control children. These results suggest that arm-length may be used as an alternative measure of linear growth in children, and that a single arm-length will be the most accurate indicator of growth of children with myelomeningocele.

Arm↗
PubMed1984

Variability of dietary assessment values among nutrition students.

The effect of the interviewer's recording and evaluation of responses and calculation of nutrient data on the variability of dietary assessment results was studied. Thirty-seven dietary history interviews were examined for significant differences between the results calculated by a University Affiliated Cincinnati Center for Developmental Disorders (UACCDD) staff nutritionist and by a group of student observers. A significant difference using a paired t-test (p less than .05) for the calculated magnesium intake and the Food Frequency Summary Score for the meat group was found. The mean results for all graduate students on each variable were also compared with the undergraduate means using a group t-test. Significant differences were found in the calculation of calcium and vitamin D intake and in estimated daily caloric output. These findings agree in general with the reports of other investigators, i.e., that few significant differences of less than 10% are attributable to variability among interviewers when the mean results from large samples are examined. Since large variations between the individual results reported by different students observing the same interview were found, there is a need for extensive training and experience with interviewing, interpretation of food intake data, and familiarity with the use of a variety of food composition tables and computer data bases.

Diet↗
PubMed1981

The effect of supplemental ascorbic acid on serum vitamin B12 levels in myelomeningocele patients.

Serum levels of ascorbic acid and vitamin B12 were analyzed in 40 myelomeningocele children to study the effect of supplemental ascorbic acid on serum vitamin B12 levels. The experimental group was composed of 20 children receiving ascorbic acid for urinary acidification: 10 received an average of 1.8 g daily, 10 received an average of 1.5 g daily (the amount depending on the requirement needs for urinary acidification) half of each group received ascorbic acid for less than 3 yr (an average of 2.1 yr) and half received ascorbic acid for more than 3 yr (an average of 4.3 yr). The control group consisted of 20 myelomeningocele children not receiving supplemental ascorbic acid. Both groups were matched for age, sex, race, and physical activity. Dietary levels of ascorbic acid and B12 were calculated to rule out their influence on serum levels. Results showed that the experimental group with supplemental ascorbic acid produced significantly higher ascorbic acid values than the control group. The serum B12 levels of the experimental group were not significantly different than those of the control groups and these children showed neither a deficient serum levels of B12, anemia, nor elevated mean corpuscular volume. Hemoglobin levels were slightly higher for the experimental group. Dietary calculations of B12 and ascorbic acid were not significantly greater than the Recommended Daily Allowance ruling out any influence of diet on serum levels. No evidence of vitamin B12 deficiency developed in 20 myelomeningocele children receiving daily mean doses of 1.65 g of supplemental ascorbic acid. In view of our findings, it is highly improbable that megadoses of supplemental ascorbic acid would induce vitamin B12 deficiency in man.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The effect of supplemental vitamin E on vitamin A serum levels in cystic fibrosis.

Effects of the ingestion of vitamin E with vitamin A on the serum levels of these vitamins and the urinary creatine to creatinine ratios of 18 children with cystic fibrosis disease of the pancreas (CF) was studied. After the daily ingestion for two months of a specially prepared capsule containing 5000 IU vitamin A palmitate and 100 mg d alpha-tocopherol acetate in aqueous dispersible form there was a significant increase in vitamin A as well as vitamin E levels of serum taken 3 1/2 hr postprandially. Creatine to creatinine ratios in single voiding of urine decreased.

Adolescent↗