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Biomedical subjects

S Eliasson

Publications and source records attributed to S Eliasson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Radiographic signs of temporomandibular disorders to predict outcome of treatment.

In 32 consecutive patients with temporomandibular disorders radiographic changes were correlated with the patients' assessment of treatment outcome. The patients had been referred for tomographic examination because the clinical signs and anamnestic data were inadequate for definite clinical diagnosis. Initially all patients were treated conservatively with a flat occlusal splint. Surgery was advised in appropriate cases. The subjective effect of treatment was assessed using a questionnaire, and the material was divided into responder and nonresponder groups. Seventy-eight percent (25) of the patients experienced a positive subjective response to the treatment. No radiographic sign was found to be statistically correlated to the outcome of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Face height and tooth eruption in adults--a 20-year follow-up investigation.

A longitudinal roentgen cephalometric investigation of vertical craniofacial and dentoalveolar changes during 20 years of adulthood, was performed in 15 men and 15 women. Two lateral cephalograms taken at the average ages 25 and 45 years, were available of each subject. Skeletal and dental changes were described by 13 linear and four angular cephalometric measurements. The analysis of the linear variables showed that total anterior face height increased by 1.60 mm on average. Approximately one-fifth of this increase occurred in the upper and four-fifths in the lower face. In the dentoalveolar region, significant increments of all dimensions except overjet and overbite were found, indicating an eruptive movement of the teeth and a vertical development of their investing tissues. The analysis of the angular measurements showed that posterior rotation of the mandible and uprighting of the upper incisors had occurred during the period of investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Prediction of periodontal bone height from partial radiographic examination.

The object of the present study was to determine the relationship between the periodontal bone height as determined from the total dentition and that predicted from a limited number of teeth. The material comprised 247 subjects aged 21-60 yr with an average of 26.3 remaining teeth. All patients were radiographically examined by an intra-oral full mouth survey. The bone height was measured for each tooth and a mean of all single tooth specific values was calculated for each subject. The relationship between the measured value and the predicted value was expressed in terms of correlation coefficients. The correlation between the measured value and the predicted value improved with increasing number of teeth included in the predictor. It ranged from r = 0.79 (single tooth) to r = 0.98 (four teeth). It was concluded that the number of radiographs exposed and teeth examined can be considerably reduced when estimating the alveolar bone height for periodontal screening.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cigarette smoking and periodontal bone loss.

The association between smoking and loss of periodontal bone height was investigated in Swedish dental hygienists. The study group included 210 subjects: 24 to 60 years of age, 30% smokers, 32% former smokers, and 38% non-smokers. The study was based on bite-wing radiographs, where loss of the interproximal bone height was measured as the distance from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the interdental septum (IS). The magnitude of the CEJ-IS distance was read at 12 sites, representing 3 maxillary and 3 mandibular bone septa in each subject. The CEJ-IS distance was significantly greater for smokers when compared to non-smokers, mean +/- SEM 1.71 +/- 0.08 mm and 1.45 +/- 0.04 mm, respectively. The mean +/- SEM for former smokers was 1.55 +/- 0.05 mm. In smokers, the CEJ-IS distance increased with increased smoking exposure. The results, based on adults with good oral hygiene, suggest that loss of periodontal bone is related to smoking. The smoking related bone loss is not correlated with plaque infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A cephalometric analysis of patients with coronoid process enlargement and locking.

Two patient groups with radiographically verified coronoid process locking were cephalometrically examined. In eight patients the locking was of congenital origin, and in eight patients the locking had developed as a result of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. When compared with that in a control group, the height of the coronoid process was statistically significantly greater in both patient groups, but there was no difference on condylar height between any of the groups. Neither were there any differences between groups regarding the upper face height, which, if present, could have been expected to contribute to the development of coronoid process locking. In the group with congenital enlargement, the mandibular configuration was strikingly square-shaped, which was expressed by a statistically significantly smaller gonion angle than was present in the other two groups. The finding was interpreted as a growth effect due to the mandibular locking.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Quality of intraoral radiographs sent by private dental practitioners for therapy evaluation by the Social Insurance Office.

Nearly all Swedish private dentists are affiliated with the Dental Care Insurance. Proposed treatment plans, including radiographs, are submitted to the Social Insurance Office for prior approval. In this study the quality of a sample of intraoral radiographs submitted by 404 private dental practitioners was analysed. Forty-four per cent of 3,708 periapical radiographs, simultaneously evaluated by two examiners, were satisfactory. The most frequent errors were excessive vertical angulation (18 per cent), missing apex (12 per cent), film positioning error (11 per cent) and underexposure (10 per cent). Fifty-five per cent of 294 bitewing radiographs were satisfactory; the major error was missing bone margin (33 per cent). The radiographs of 15 per cent of the 2,844 teeth proposed for therapy had insufficient radiographic documentation, six per cent because of missing radiograph and nine per cent because of missing apex on the radiograph. These errors applied to every second dentist. Compared to a similar study ten years ago, the present results do not indicate that the quality of intraoral radiographs has improved.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1989

Lateral periodontal cysts. Clinical, radiographical and histopathological findings.

21 lesions, clinically and radiographically diagnosed as lateral periodontal cysts (LPC), were retrospectively studied. The majority of the lesions were symptomless and were located in the premolar-canine-incisor region and predominantly in the mandible. 15 cases had the typical lining consistent with the diagnosis LPC. Three lesions were odontogenic keratocysts and 3 were inflammatory cysts. It was concluded that cysts in a lateral periodontal position are usually LPC but the diagnoses of keratocyst and inflammatory cyst must be considered.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

Pathological changes related to long-term impaction of third molars. A radiographic study.

Pathological changes related to impacted 3rd molars (ITM) were studied in a radiographic investigation of 2128 randomly selected patients. In radiographs from 644 patients, 1211 ITM were noted. Pathological changes were observed in 25 of 477 (5.2%) maxillary ITM and in 59 of 734 (8%) mandibular ITM. A pathologically widened pericoronal space (indicating a dentigerous cyst) was observed in 5 of 477 maxillary and 43 of 734 mandibular ITM (p less than 0.001). Other pathologic changes observed were resorption of the 2nd molars (1% in the maxilla, 1.5% in the mandible) or loss of marginal bone on the distal aspect of the second molars (4% in the maxilla, 1% in the mandible). The risk of pathological sequelae because of ITM, apparently, is low. Prophylactic surgical removal should, therefore, be regarded with some reserve, particularly in view of the high frequency of deep impactions, with greater risk for surgical complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of chronic periodontal disease using probing depth as a diagnostic test.

The prevalence of chronic periodontal disease was investigated using the occurrence of diseased pocket sites as the diagnostic criterion. The study group comprised 250 dentally aware subjects aged 21-60 years, with a high number of teeth remaining in all age groups. The % of sites with a probing depth of greater than or equal to 4 mm was 16% for the total sample. Most diseased sites (69%) were in the 4-mm class, with only 4% at depths greater than or equal to 7 mm. 82% on the subjects had 1 or more sites greater than or equal to 4 mm. With probing depth as the sole criterion for diagnosis of chronic periodontal disease, prevalence in a sample is heavily dependent on the critical levels selected for probing depth and cut-off point. With critical levels of 4 mm for probing depth and 1 diseased site for the cutoff point, prevalence was 49% in the 21-30 year age group and 95% in the 51-60 year age group. A shift in cutoff point to 40 diseased sites gave a prevalence of 2% and 41%, respectively, in the 2 age groups. For a critical depth of 7 mm and a cutoff point of 1 diseased site, the prevalence was 2% and 43% for the 2 age groups, respectively. Aspects of importance for the decision-making process on disease are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Autotransplanted teeth with early-stage endodontic treatment: a radiographic evaluation.

Autotransplantation of teeth has been performed for many years and with varying degrees of success. The present report concerns the long-term results of autotransplantation of 36 teeth with completed root formation. Endodontic treatment was started before or within 12 weeks after transplantation. At the final check-up 32 teeth were present, 24 of them without signs of inflammation, replacement, or internal resorption. Careful radiographic examination during the follow-up period and adequate therapeutic measures with inter alia renewed endodontic treatment are of importance for successful autotransplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cervical abrasion in relation to toothbrushing and periodontal health.

Cervical abrasion and some factors related to oral hygiene habits and periodontal health were investigated in 250 subjects aged 21-60 yr. The subjects were considered dentally aware since they had visited their dentist on a regular basis over the past several years. A high occurrence rate of cervical abrasion was noted with 85% of subjects exhibiting at least one superficial lesion. Manifest or deep lesions, although less common, were present in 22% of subjects. Both prevalence and severity increased with age. The severity expressed as the mean number of lesions was 7.3 for the total sample. It increased significantly with calculus index, frequency of periodontal pockets, and reduction of the alveolar bone height. No significant associations were observed between abrasion and oral hygiene factors. It is concluded that cervical abrasion, although most likely related to toothbrushing, may not be synonymous with periodontal health. Ineffective toothbrushing may not only fail to prevent disease but may also cause cervical abrasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Periodontal health in Swedish professional musicians.

Periodontal health evaluated in terms of periodontal pocketing, tooth hypermobility and loss of teeth was studied and compared in musicians playing wind instruments and other instruments. 250 subjects aged 21-60 yr were examined. The number of teeth was high in both groups. No statistically significant differences between the groups were found with respect to pathological pockets or hypermobility. Regular playing of wind instruments did not seem to be associated with increased risk of deterioration in periodontal health.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cigarette smoking and alveolar bone height in subjects with a high standard of oral hygiene.

Smokers and non-smokers were compared with respect to alveolar bone height. The study covered 235 subjects aged 21-60 years, 72 of whom were smokers. Oral hygiene status and dental care habits were above average and of equal standard in both groups (PlI = 0.9). Alveolar bone height was assessed on radiographs and expressed as % of the root length. Alveolar bone height was significantly reduced in smokers as compared to non-smokers, the mean +/- SEM being 77.9 +/- 1.3% and 82.8 +/- 0.6%, respectively (P less than 0.001). Regression analysis suggested that periodontal breakdown judged from loss of alveolar bone over time was more accelerated in smokers than non-smokers. The lower bone height in smokers remained when age and oral hygiene were allowed for. It is concluded that smoking is a risk factor for periodontal health.

Adult↗