PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Emre

Publications and source records attributed to S Emre.

144 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Peritoneal lavage in children].

Blunt abdominal injuries are associated with a high mortality rate. Particularly in children, the most important cause of deaths is delay in diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, peritoneal lavage has been gaining importance as a diagnostic method in such injuries.--Between 1977 to 1980, 315 patients (under the age of 14) suffering from blunt abdominal trauma were treated in our Emergency Department. Peritoneal lavage was performed in 268 of them. In this article, results of routinely performed peritoneal lavage are discussed and the diagnostic importance of this test evaluated.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes of patients with cancer of the larynx.

The frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) was studied in cultured peripheral lymphocytes from 15 untreated patients with carcinoma of the larynx and 10 healthy control subjects. Bromodeoxyuridine-incorporated chromosomes were treated with Hoechst 33258 and stained according to conventional methods. To measure SCE frequency, at least 15 mitoses per donor were evaluated. The SCE values were found to be higher in cancer cases than in control cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Loss of heterozygosity in the VNTR region of intron 1 of P53 in two retinoblastoma cases.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was studied in 10 primary retinoblastoma tumors in the VNTR region of intron 1 in p53 gene by the polymerase chain reaction. To our knowledge mutations have not been reported in the p53 gene in retinoblastoma primary tumors. Heterozygosity was found at this region in 5 of 10 cases. Two pathology paraffin block samples showed loss of heterozygosity.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthotopic hepatic transplantation in the dog.

Orthotopic hepatic transplantation has become a well-established treatment modality for end-stage liver disease, and research in this field is constantly evolving. Of the 34 canine liver transplants performed in this study, 17 (50%) survived more than 3 days (mean survival time 15 days). Causes of perioperative death included hemorrhage (4), anesthetic complications (3), systemic anaphylaxis (3), portal vein thrombosis (3), hepatic venous outflow block (2), and hepatic artery thrombosis (2). Gentle handling with minimal dissection of the donor liver in situ resulted in a decreased incidence of hepatic venous outflow block. The incidence of biliary leak was similar irrespective of the method of biliary reconstruction, although the incidence of acute cholangitis was 56% in the cholecystoduodenostomy group compared with 0% in the choledochocholedochostomy cohort. Using celiac to common hepatic end-to-side arterial anastomosis with preservation of the gastroduodenal artery, thrombosis of the hepatic artery was encountered in four instances, an incidence similar to previously reported studies where end-to-end hepaticohepatic arterial anastomosis or donor aortic conduit was utilized. The incidence of postoperative intestinal intussusception was reduced from 40 to 0% in those who underwent transmesenteric intestinal plication following implantation of the liver. Among short-term survivors, sepsis was the most frequent noted complication (10), followed by intestinal intussusception (6), rejection (6), and gastrointestinal bleeding (1). Among recipient dogs that survived more than 3 days, rejection was the most common cause of graft loss (5), followed by biliary leak (4) and hepatic artery thrombosis (2).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selective decontamination of the digestive tract helps prevent bacterial infections in the early postoperative period after liver transplant.

UNLABELLED: In liver transplant (LTx) recipients, gut-associated bacterial and fungal organisms produce significant postoperative morbidity and mortality. We sought to assess the role of selective digestive decontamination (SDD) in preventing postoperative infections in a large single-center cohort of liver recipients transplanted under two non-simultaneous protocols. In 212 consecutive patients transplanted between 1/1/91 and 7/31/92, SDD (gentamicin 80 mg, polymyxin B 100 mg, nystatin suspension 10 mL) was employed, starting after induction of anesthesia and continued until POD 21 (SDD Group). In 157 consecutive patients transplanted between 1/1/93 and 12/31/93, SDD was not used (non-SDD Group). Both groups received IV vancomycin and cefotaxime prophylaxis. All culture-positive infections within the first 30 days post-LTx were recorded and classified as bacterial or fungal. Infection-related mortality (patients who died of infectious complications without any technical complication) was recorded. Groups did not differ in patient demographics, United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) status, use of veno-venous bypass, total/warm ischemia, or length of ICU stay. Infections developed in fewer SDD patients (56/212; 26%) than non-SDD patients (69/157; 44%) (p<0.001). The incidence of gram-negative infection was less in the SDD group (11% vs. 26%, p<0. 001) as was gram-positive infection (16% vs. 26%, p<0.001). Among patients who developed infection, there was no difference between groups in infections per patient. Primary graft non-function (PNF) developed in 20 SDD patients (7/20 had infections) and 8 non-SDD patients (6/8 had infections) (p=0.06). There were no differences in incidence of fungal infections or of infection-related mortality between groups. In the SDD group, there were fewer abdominal (p<0. 001), lung (p<0.001), wound (p<0.01), and urinary tract infections (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Use of SDD in liver recipients early after transplant was associated with significantly fewer infections in the early postoperative period.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arylsulfatase A pseudodeficiency incidence in Turkey.

Pseudodeficiency (Pd) in arylsulfatase A (ASA) is a relatively frequent condition in healthy individuals. It produces a reduction in enzyme activity similar to that found in metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). A variable incidence of the Pd allele was found in different populations; it was 10-20 times higher than that of metachromatic leukodystrophy. Twelve of the 52 unrelated, healthy individuals were found to be heterozygous for the ASA Pd allele. In Turkey we estimated the incidence of the Pd allele as 11.5 percent. Out of 18 cases with MLD, one patient was found homozygous for the Pd allele and the other patient was found heterozygous.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term prognosis of poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis.

Five hundred and eighty-eight patients diagnosed as having PSAGN were treated at our University Hospital and called in for a reevaluation study in 1988 to determine the long-term prognosis of the disease. Fifty-nine patients responded to the follow-up call, all of them being in good physical health. The blood pressure, urinalysis, serum creatinine, blood urea and beta 1C globulin levels were within normal limits. These results led us to the conclusion that the long-term prognosis was favorable in our PSAGN patients since chronic renal failure had not been encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Follow-up results of synthetic vascular grafts in children undergoing hemodialysis.

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts were inserted in the thigh of 14 children (7 boys and 7 girls, age 12 +/- 1.8 years) who were undergoing chronic hemodialysis for endstage renal disease. Removal of grafts was necessary in three patients within three months of implantation. In a fourth case it was indicated in the fifteenth month. In two cases thrombectomy was necessary. Echocardiography was performed in 10 patients before and three and 12 months after surgery. Cardiac performance followed by echocardiography did not change after one year. After two years the survival of grafts was 71%. It appears that synthetic grafts offer advantages for pediatric hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula failure. On the other hand, this technique entails serious risks.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetics of amikacin, netilmicin and tobramycin in children with chronic renal failure.

The single-dose pharmacokinetics of amikacin, netilmicin and tobramycin administered intramuscularly at doses of 7.5 mg/kg amikacin, 2.5 mg/kg netilmicin or 3 mg/kg tobramycin were studied in 30 children with chronic renal failure. Serum amikacin, netilmicin and tobramycin levels were measured by a radioimmunoassay method. The correlation between serum creatinine levels and the half-life of the antibiotics was found to be statistically significant. There were interpatient differences in serum aminoglycoside levels among those with the same serum creatinine levels. Thus, monitoring of serum creatinine and aminoglycoside levels is recommended, especially for those with renal failure, in order to maintain an optimal dosage between toxic and noneffective serum aminoglycoside levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study on enzyme activities of some sphingolipidoses.

Enzyme activities were determined in fibroblast cell cultures of eight patients suspected of having a type of sphingolipidosis. The patients were 0 to 4 years of age; four were female and four were male. Thirteen age-matched controls were also included in the study. In one of the cases, hexosaminidase A activity was found to be 0% (43-82%), while in two other cases beta-galactosidase activity was found to be 5 nmol/h/mg protein (100-1035 nmol/h/mg protein) and arylsulfatase activity was found to be 12 nmol/h/mg protein (106-990 nmol/h/mg protein), respectively. Two more enzymes, alpha-galactosidase (11-39 nmol/h/mg protein) and cerebroside beta-galactosidase (3.7-6.9 nmol/h/mg protein), were also evaluated but were found to be in the normal ranges in these patients. Therefore, these patients were considered to have Tay-Sachs disease, GM1 gangliosidosis and metachromatic leukodystrophy, respectively. The remaining five patients were normal in respect to the five enzyme activities determined. For the prenatal diagnosis of metachromatic leukodystrophy, arylsulfatase A activity was determined in one amniotic cell culture. The activity found in this case was lower than normal (34 nmol/h/mg protein versus 387 nmol/h/mg protein found in three control amniotic cell cultures.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A linkage analysis in two families with bilateral retinoblastoma.

Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification from blood samples, Xbal and BamHI polymorphisms were analyzed in two families with bilateral retinoblastoma. In one of the families it was predicted using the BamHI polymorphism that the 200 bp allele co-segregates with the disease. This family was uninformative for Xbal polymorphism. The second family was uninformative for both Xbal and BamHI polymorphism.

Eye Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The first in situ split of a liver in the USA performed by two geographically distant transplant centers--enhancing, sharing, and expanding the cadaveric liver organ pool.

In situ split of the liver was performed in a heart-beating cadaveric organ donor for the first time in the U.S.A. by two geographically distant transplant centers. The procedure, initiated by a transplant team in Oklahoma City, was a joint project of the transplant teams from Oklahoma City and New York City. The in situ split resulted in two liver grafts. A left graft (left lateral segment) which was transplanted into a 7-year-old pediatric recipient in Oklahoma City and a right graft (right lobe and segment IV) which was transplanted into a 52-year-old adult recipient in New York City. Initial graft function was excellent in the two patients. The adult recipient was discharged home 10 days after the transplant and is doing well. The pediatric recipient died two and a half months later from multi-system organ failure. The recently introduced in situ split technique provides two excellent liver grafts from one donor and enhances sharing of liver grafts between transplant centers.

Cadaver↗