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Biomedical subjects

S Eramo

Publications and source records attributed to S Eramo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in urine of dental personnel.

BACKGROUND: Dental personnel is exposed to several potential nephrotoxic agents. Urinary N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (U-NAG) activity has emerged as a sensitive marker of early nephrotoxicity. METHODS: U-NAG was evaluated, by fluorimetric assay, in urine from 30 healthy subjects and 30 dental personnels. RESULTS: The median value of U-NAG activity (133.5 U/mmol urinary creatinine (U-Cr) in urines of dental personnel was not statistically different (P>0.05) from activity (100.7 U/mmol U-Cr) of control urines. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that, for dental personnel, exposure to potential nephrotoxic agents is not usually high enough to increase U-NAG activity.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed2003

[A SEM analysis of in vivo adhesive interface between a bonding agent and normal or sclerotic dentin].

AIM: Although dentine is a dynamic sub-stratum of the tooth, it seems correct to say that as far as etching and bonding to the sclerotic dentine is concerned, there are different micro-morphological aspects to be analysed in comparison to those on the healthy dentin. METHODS: This paper seeks to analysis the interface between the dentin and the adhesive bonding material resulting from in vivo placement of a 5(th) generation dentin bonding system on the base of cavities in 8 teeth. The teeth were removed for periodontal or orthodontic reasons and then examined by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The results confirm the notable complexity of the dentin-adhesive interface that is developed or formed in-vivo and is due to the different state in which the dentine is found (healthy or sclerotic). CONCLUSION: It is underlined that the passage from the state of healthy to sclerotic dentin is very fast.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2002

Fluoride release from model glass ionomer cements.

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are an important class of biomedical material used extensively for color matched mercury free, dental restorations. GICs can release clinically beneficial amounts of fluoride and have acceptable handling properties which make them suitable as dental restoratives. The fluoride release of model GICs produced from specially synthesized fluoro-alumino-silicate glasses was studied. Nine glasses of varying fluoride content based on 4.5SiO(2)-3Al(2)O(3)-1.5P(2)O(5)-(5-Z)CaO-ZCaF(2) were synthesized and cement disks were prepared from them. The glass transition temperature reduced with increasing fluorine content of the glass. Fluoride ion release was measured into distilled water as a function of time for up to 140 days using a fluoride ion selective electrode. The quantity of fluoride released was found to be proportional to the fluorine content of the glass at all intervals time. The cumulative fluoride release was proportional to square root time. Substituting strontium for calcium in the glass had little influence on the fluoride release behavior of the cements.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

[Fluoride release properties of GRACs. A survey of the literature].

While numerous publications have documented the anticariogenic properties of GPACs through fluoride release measurements and artificial caries studies, considerable debate still exists concerning the fluoride release properties of these materials in terms of dissolution and diffusion mechanisms. This paper will review some of the more important aspects of GPAC fluoride release. Numerous studies have reported on the fluoride release properties of GPACs. The first point to note is that all the studies were performed on commercial materials. This approach has inherent difficulties as the main factor governing fluoride release is the GPAC composition and formulation. Traditional GPACs are two component systems, consisting essentially of a ion leachable fluoroaluminosilicate glass and a polymeric acid, especially a polycarboxylic acid; fluoride ions are of prime importance in this reaction, in that they have a major influence on the structure of the glass, its reactivity, cement formation and bioactivity. GPACs may be viewed as particle reinforced polymeric composites, in which the degraded residual glass particles with their silicious layer reinforce the polysalt matrix, improving mechanical properties.

Delayed-Action Preparations↗
PubMed2000

[ELISA analysis of salivary cotinine in smokers].

BACKGROUND: The presence in saliva of cotinine, the main and inactive metabolite of nicotine, reflects the extent of systemic distribution of nicotine and explains the increased susceptibility to periodontal disease in smokers. The aim of this study was to investigate the comparative amount of cotinine in the saliva of habitual cigarette smokers, non-smokers and passive smokers. METHODS: Saliva sample were obtained from 14 cigarette smokers and 13 non-smokers (8 passive-smokers), all without periodontal disease, and analyzed by Microplate EIA (a variation of ELISA based on cross-reactivity of cotinine with anti-cotinine antibody revealed by absorbance in spectrophotometry) to determine the presence and the amount of cotinine. RESULTS: Cotinine was detected in the saliva of smokers with a mean of 92.3 +/- 4.15 ng/ml and, unexpectedly, there was evidence of cotinine also in the saliva of non-smokers (mean 5.4 +/- 1.22 ng/ml), particularly, in passive-smokers (mean 12.9 +/- 6.67 ng/ml). CONCLUSIONS: The salivary concentration of cotinine can be used to estimate nicotine intake and its possible role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease also in passive-smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Dental pulp diseases. Ultramicroscopic studies].

After the description of the anatomic and histologic aspects of the healthy dental pulp, stress is laid on pulpal pathologies and on the use of ultramicroscopic techniques to analyze the cytologic modifications in normal and pathologic dental pulp tissues. The results obtained are presented.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1998

Dentin dysplasia type I. Report of case and ultrastructural study.

Radicular dentin dysplasia (DD-I) is a rare hereditary dental alteration. It is characterized clinically by almost normal looking crowns and severe hypermobility of the teeth. The radiographic analysis, on the other hand, discloses the obliteration of all pulp chambers, the short, malformed roots and plenty of periapical bone radiolucencies on noncarious teeth. A case of radicular dentin dysplasia is presented. In this 43-year-old woman the diagnosis was supported, besides the clinical and radiographic analysis, by the pedigree of the proband, which showed the autosomal dominant pattern of feature transmission. Further-more, the electron microscopic analysis of one extracted molar revealed the atubular structure of the secondary dentin, and its globular organization.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The dentinal smear layer. Characteristics and interactions. 2].

The Authors, after the presentation (in the first part of the Dossier) of a large literature review about the physical, chemical and clinical characteristics of formation, interaction, remotion of "smear layer" during cavity preparation in hard tooth tissue, describe the results of a scanning microelectronic research about the action as cleanser (for the dentinal cavity wall) of the CK101 (Caridex) versus wather, Tubulicid and phosphoric acid. The experimental results obtained "in vitro" show that the substance has relative action, without removing the tubular portion of "smear layer".

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1990

[Action of etching acid on lining materials].

A review was made of the literature concerning intermediate materials for composite resin fillings and the possibilities of ortho-phosphoric acid infiltration. An experimental study was aimed at evaluating the damages caused by the acid action of the etching material on various type of base materials used. In conclusion, various procedures are suggested for composite resin restoration in order to avoid the risks of lesions of the pulp-dentin organ.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Histopathological and therapeutical aspects of cervical lesions].

The term "cervical lesions" definies all the alterations consisting in a loss of hard dental tissues located along the cement-enamel junction, and may be more specifically defined as carious lesions (LCC) and non-carious lesions (NCCL). The non-carious cervical lesions are characterized by the loss of mineralised dental tissue in the absence of a carious process. This definition includes three different lesion categories: abrasion, erosion and the cervical lesions caused by stress (abfractions). In this paper the authors explain the histological, clinical, preventive findings of NCCL and try to give some guidelines to choose the appropriate material to restore different types of non carious cervical lesions.

Dental Caries↗