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Biomedical subjects

S Ericson

Publications and source records attributed to S Ericson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The dental follicle in normally and ectopically erupting maxillary canines: a computed tomography study.

The subjects in the study were children who were X-rayed because of increased risk for resorption following ectopically erupting maxillary canines. One hundred and seven children 9 to 15 years of age with 156 maxillary canines that were erupting ectopically and 58 normally were investigated by computed tomography (CT) to describe the features of the dental follicles of the erupting maxillary canines. Contiguous, transverse CT scans were exposed through the maxilla in the canine region and the width and shape of the dental follicles were registered scan by scan throughout the extension of the follicle. The width and the shape of the dental follicle of the erupting maxillary canine varied greatly. The range of the maximum width, measured from the crown to the periphery of the follicle, was 0.5-7.0 mm, with a mean of 2.9 mm and a 95% confidence interval of 2.7-3.2 mm for the entire sample. No relationship was found between the width or shape of the follicles and sex, age, stage of eruption, inclination of the canine, or width of the dental arch. However, the location of the maxillary canine vis-à-vis the adjacent incisor was significantly associated with the width of the follicle, which indicated that local anatomic conditions might influence the width and shape of the follicle. The dental follicles of the ectopically erupting canines were, on average, wider than those of the normally erupting canines. The 95% confidence interval for the normally erupting canines was 2.3-2.7 mm; for the buccally erupting canines 2.4-4.1 mm; for the lingually erupting canines 2.6-3.0 mm; and for the apically erupting canines in relation to the lateral incisors 2.9-4.1 mm. Canine follicles that were wide but within normal limits did not cause deviations in adjacent teeth. Cystically degenerated dental follicles were found but were indistinguishable on the CT scans from those that had been widened physiologically. The contributions of the studied variables to the variation in the width of the dental follicle of the maxillary canine were analyzed with regression models.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Fluconazole vs low-dose amphotericin B for the prevention of fungal infections in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation: a study of the North American Marrow Transplant Group.

Systemic fungal infections are a major problem in bone marrow transplant recipients who have prolonged neutropenia or who receive high-dose corticosteroids. Prophylaxis with Fluconazole or low-dose amphotericin B reduces, but does not eliminate these infections. To determine which prophylactic agent is better, we performed a prospective randomized study. Patients undergoing allogeneic (related or unrelated) or autologous marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation were randomized to receive Fluconazole (400 mg/day p. o. or i.v.) or amphotericin B (0.2 mg/kg/day i.v.) beginning 1 day prior to stem cell transplantation and continuing until recovery of neutrophils to >500/microl. Patients were removed from their study drug for drug-associated toxicity, invasive fungal infection or suspected fungal infection (defined as the presence of fever >38 degrees C without positive culture while on broad-spectrum anti-bacterial antibiotics). Proven or suspected fungal infections were treated with high-dose amphotericin B (0.5-0.7 mg/kg/day). Patients were randomized at each institution and stratified for the type of transplant. The primary end-point of the study was prevention of documented fungal infection; secondary endpoints included fungal colonization, drug toxicity, duration of hospitalization, duration of fever, duration of neutropenia, duration and total dose of high-dose amphotericin B and overall survival to hospital discharge. From July 1992 to October 1994, a total of 355 patients entered into the trial with 159 patients randomized to amphotericin B and 196 to Fluconazole. Patient groups were comparable for diagnosis, age, sex, prior antibiotic or antifungal therapy, use of corticosteroids prior to transplantation and total duration of neutropenia. Amphotericin B was significantly more toxic than Fluconazole especially in related allogeneic transplantation where 19% of patients developed toxicity vs 0% of Fluconazole recipients (p < 0.05). Approximately 44% of all patients were removed from prophylaxis for presumed fungal infection. Proven fungal infections occurred in 4.1% and 7.5% of Fluconazole and amphotericin-treated patients, respectively. Proven fungal infections occurred in 9.1% and 14.3% of related allogeneic marrow recipients receiving Fluconazole or amphotericin B, respectively, and 2.1% and 5.6% of autologous marrow recipients receiving Fluconazole or amphotericin B, respectively (P > 0.05). In this prospective trial, low-dose amphotericin B prophylaxis was as effective as Fluconazole prophylaxis, but Fluconazole was significantly better tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Incisor root resorptions due to ectopic maxillary canines imaged by computerized tomography: a comparative study in extracted teeth.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the ability of computerized tomography (CT) scanning to discriminate maxillary incisor root resorptions caused by ectopically erupting canines. Seventeen maxillary incisors were radiographed in vivo by CT scanning. Contiguous transverse CT scans with a slice thickness of 2 mm were exposed perpendicular to the long axis of the lateral incisors and through the crown of the adjacent, ectopically positioned maxillary canine. Each scan was analyzed and the resorptions on the roots of the laterals were graded according to the maximum depth of the cavity. After the lateral incisors were extracted they were clinically inspected, photographed in different light settings and views, and probed at the contact area between the laterals and the canines. The assessment of the extent of resorption in 4 stages on the CT images compared with the in vitro observations of the extracted roots showed a high degree of agreement for the extent of loss of root substance for all teeth. We conclude that CT scanning performed with good technique accurately reveals tooth root resorption. The presence and influence of the inherent artifacts of tooth root resorption on CT scans are discussed.

Artifacts↗
PubMed2000

Resorption of incisors after ectopic eruption of maxillary canines: a CT study.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the extent and prevalence of resorption of maxillary incisors after ectopic eruption of the maxillary canines in a sample of subjects referred to an orthodontic specialist clinic for consultation. The subjects consisted of 107 children, 39 boys and 68 girls, between 9 and 15 years of age (mean 12.5 years), with 156 ectopically and 58 normally erupting maxillary canines. All children were subjected to a basic clinical and intraoral radiographic investigation. These radiographs were supplemented with computerized tomography (CT) of the upper alveolar bones in order to get more precise information on the positions and relationships between the maxillary canines and adjacent incisors and to evaluate resorptions on the roots of the incisors. The results showed that, relative to the roots of the adjacent incisors, the crowns of 21% the ectopically positioned canines were located to the buccal, 18% to the distobuccal, 27% to the lingual, 23% to the distolingual, 5% apically and 6% between the central and lateral incisors. Ninety-three percent of the ectopically positioned canines were in contact with the roots of the adjacent lateral incisor and 19% were in contact with the central incisor. The corresponding figures for the normally erupting canines were 49%. Resorptions on the roots of the incisors adjacent to the ectopically positioned canine occurred in 38% of the laterals and in 9% of the centrals. The resorptions were graded and tended to be extensive. Among the 58 resorbed lateral incisors, resorptions were slight in 31%, moderate in 9%, and severe with pulpal involvement in 60%. The corresponding figures for the 14 resorbed centrals were 36%, 21%, and 43%, respectively. About 60% of the resorptions involved the middle and apical thirds, the tip of the apex not included. On the sides with normally erupting canines, 3 lateral maxillary incisors were slightly or moderately resorbed distally. In all, 51 of the 107 subjects with ectopically erupting maxillary canines (48%) had resorbed maxillary incisors during the eruption of the maxillary canines. There were statistically significant correlations between ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine, contacts between the teeth and resorptions on the adjacent incisors. It was concluded that resorption on maxillary incisors after ectopic eruption of the maxillary canines is a more common phenomenon than previously reported and has to be considered in all cases with seriously diverging eruption of maxillary canines. It was also concluded that the resorptions of the roots of the incisors were caused by pressure during the eruption of the adjacent, aberrant canine. Finally, it was shown that CT scanning substantially increased the detection of root resorptions on incisors adjacent to ectopically erupting maxillary canines (about 50%). The sensitivity of intraoral films was low when diagnosing the resorptions, being calculated to 0.68.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

A randomized phase II study of BB-10010: a variant of human macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha for patients receiving high-dose etoposide and cyclophosphamide for malignant lymphoma and breast cancer.

Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) is a chemokine that can inhibit the cell cycle progression of both primitive haemopoietic and epidermal progenitor cells. This property could potentially be exploited to attenuate both the myelosuppressive effects of chemotherapy as well as mucositis. We evaluated both the biological and clinical effects of BB-10010, a genetically engineered variant of MIP-1alpha, in patients with malignant lymphoma or breast cancer receiving high-dose etoposide (VP 3.6 g/m2) and cyclophosphamide (Cy 200 mg/kg). 52 patients were randomized to one of three cohorts. Cohort A received no BB-10010; cohorts B and C received 10 microg/kg and 100 microg/kg of BB-10010, respectively. All patients received post-chemotherapy G-CSE BB-10010 was well tolerated. There were no significant differences between groups in recovery to an ANC > 0.5 x 10(9)/l, 1 x 10(9)/l or 1.5 x 10(9)/l, the number of days with an ANC < 0.5 x 10(9)/l, days to a platelet count > 50 x 10(9)/l or 100 x 10(9)/l, or the incidence and severity of mucositis. There was no evidence of any effect of BB-10010 on colony-forming cell (CFC) or long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-IC) mobilization, cycling activity in the marrow or on chemotherapy-induced changes in CFC or LTC-IC number both of which were in the normal range by 22 d after completion of the chemotherapy. To our knowledge this is the first report of a myelointensive regimen having no apparent long-term effect on the LTC-IC compartment. In summary, BB-10010 is safe when used in patients receiving high-dose therapy but has no effect on reducing the toxicity of such therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Cartilage matrix macromolecules in lavage fluid of temporomandibular joints before and 6 months after diskectomy.

The purpose was to investigate if antigenic fragments of aggrecan and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) are detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in lavage fluids from the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to examine if the relative content of these cartilage markers changes during development of osteoarthrosis (OA) after diskectomy. Lavage fluid was obtained at surgery and 6 months postoperatively in 13 patients. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging was without evidence of hard-tissue changes prior to surgery in all patients. In 9 of the patients, sufficient material for analysis was obtained at both examinations. Aggrecan and COMP were detectable in all but 2 fluids, in which the COMP levels were below detection limit. The aggrecan/COMP ratio increased in all 9 patients during the 6-month period, indicating increased release of aggrecan relative to COMP fragments. The changed aggrecan/COMP ratio possibly reflects increased cartilage turnover during development of OA. Changes compatible with OA were present on computed tomography in all cases at the 6-month follow-up. This study shows that the lavage procedure is feasible for obtaining synovial fluid from the TMJ for immunochemical analyses of tissue-derived macromolecules.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Salivary factors in children with recurrent parotitis. Part 1: Salivary flow rate, buffering capacity and inorganic components.

The parotid flow rate, buffering capacity and inorganic components in saliva from 17 children with juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) in periods free of symptoms and in healthy controls of the same number, sex and age were analysed after gustatory stimulation with 1%, 2% and 6% citric acid. There was a great individual variation in all analysed variables in the JRPs, as well as in the controls. The flow rate, the buffering capacity of saliva and the ion concentration of phosphate were significantly lower for the JRP-children than for the controls, while the concentration of chloride, sodium and copper were raised (p < 0.01-0.001). No statistical differences were found for the pH, the calcium, the potassium, the magnesium and the zinc concentrations. The results suggest a longterm effect on the parotid saliva in the JRP-cases due to the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Salivary factors in children with recurrent parotitis. Part 2: Protein, albumin, amylase, IgA, lactoferrin lysozyme and kallikrein concentrations.

The concentrations of total protein, albumin, amylase, IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme and kallikrein in parotid saliva from 17 children with juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) in a non-active phase of disease and in healthy controls of the same number, sex and age were analysed after gustatory stimulation with 1%, 2% and 6% citric acid. There was a great individual variation in all analysed variables, especially in saliva from the diseased glands. Significantly raised levels of albumin, IgA, lactoferrin and kallikrein were found in the saliva from the JRP-children compared with the controls (p < 0.01-0.001), while total protein and alpha-amylase did not differ significantly. The sialo-chemical findings are discussed in the light of histological and bacteriological findings and support the hypothesis that the etiology of juvenile recurrent parotitis is a combination of congenital malformation of portions of the salivary ducts and a set-in infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

A longitudinal in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of two silver polymer surface treatments for peritoneal dialysis catheters.

The oligodynamic effect of silver has been utilized in medicine for many decades. This study evaluated the antimicrobial properties of two silver polymer surface treatments over 9 months to assess their usefulness for chronic percutaneous access. Silicone catheters were either dip-coated with micronized silver oxide in a silicone matrix (AgX) or impregnated with silver using an ion beam deposition process (Spire Argent I). Four-inch (10-cm) segments were shaken continuously in 10 mL minimum essential media (MEM) with 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 25 degrees C. The medium was replaced weekly. Monthly eluate samples were assayed for Ag+ concentration using ICP atomic emission spectroscopy. Bimonthly, segments were removed, placed in fresh medium inoculate with 10(5) colony-forming units (cfu)/mL Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and quantitated over 24 hours for bacterial survival/growth. Relative to control catheters, there was a mean log10 reduction of S. aureus of 4.4 with AgX and 1.7 with Spire Argent I persisting over the 9-month study period. Silver ion elution followed a biphasic pattern with both coatings establishing a steady state of 0.2 ppm at 4 months. These data suggest that the test surface coatings employed will deliver long-term oligodynamic activity when implanted percutaneously.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1991

Periodontal healing after impacted lower third molar surgery in adolescents and adults. A prospective study.

The effects of impacted lower 3rd molar surgery on periodontal tissues in the adjacent 2nd molar area have been investigated in a prospective study comprising 176 cases from 2 age groups: less than or equal to 20 years (n = 93) and greater than or equal to 30 years (n = 83), respectively. The preoperative and 1-year postoperative examinations included both clinical and radiographic variables. All patients were subjected to a standardized surgical procedure and optimal plaque control pre-, intra- and postoperatively. Early removal of impacted lower 3rd molars with large angulation and close positional relationship to the adjacent 2nd molar proved to have a beneficial effect on periodontal health.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The influence of anatomical, pathophysiological and other factors on periodontal healing after impacted lower third molar surgery. A multiple regression analysis.

A multifactorial approach has been used to identify some predictors of postoperative intrabony defects (IBD) on the distal surface of the adjacent second molar (M2) after impacted lower third molar (M3) surgery. The material consisted of 215 lower third molar removals, performed on 144 persons (age range 16-53 years; mean 27.2 years). The postoperative examination took place 2 years after impaction surgery and included both clinical and radiographic variables. Statistically significant (5% significance level) predictors of IBD found in stepwise multiple regression analyses were: (1) preoperative intrabony defect M2 distal; (2) age at the time of surgery; (3) size of contact-area M3/M2; (4) root resorption M2 distal; (5) probing dept distal surface of adjacent first molar postoperatively; (6) pathological follicle M3. The regression model with IBD as regressand produced a total R2 of 0.45. When the regressand was the difference between IBD and the preoperative intrabony defect, the regression analysis explained 62% of the variance (R2 = 0.62). These regression models explained the variance in terms of the size of the remaining postoperative intrabony defect as well as in terms of periodontal healing after impacted lower third molar surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Recurrent parotitis and sialectasis in childhood. Clinical, radiologic, immunologic, bacteriologic, and histologic study.

Twenty children with juvenile recurrent parotitis, between 3 months and 16 years of age at onset, were followed up over a period of 7 to 22 years. Radiologic, histopathologic, cytologic, immunologic, and bacteriologic studies were performed to investigate the cause of sialectasis, commonly found in juvenile recurrent parotitis, and the pathogenesis of the disease. It was considered that a combination of a congenital malformation of portions of the salivary ducts and infections ascending from the mouth following dehydration of the children are contributory to the pathogenesis of the disease. The results of the investigations into the cause of the disease appear to exclude an auto-immunologic response or an allergic condition, an immature immune response, mumps, a sensitivity to upper respiratory tract infection, and familial factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Occult radiopaque jaw lesions in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Osteomatous jaw lesions have been reported to occur in connection with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) of the intestines. The disease is fatal if not treated. The aim of this investigation was to study the occurrence of bone jaw lesions in Swedish families, where some family members have developed FAP, in order to evaluate if these bone changes may be regarded as clinical markers of the disease. 132 individuals from ten families with FAP and a matched control group of 250 individuals were examined. Osteomatous lesions were diagnosed in 24 per cent in the FAP families and in 2 per cent in the controls. Individuals with verified FAP showed an increased occurrens of jaw lesions. Also in family members without verified FAP, first-degree relatives and other relatives, showed a significant higher incidence of osteomatous jaw lesions compared to the controls. Our results suggest that osteomatous jaw lesions in families with FAP are of predictive significance.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1988

Resorption of maxillary lateral incisors caused by ectopic eruption of the canines. A clinical and radiographic analysis of predisposing factors.

Factors predisposing to resorption of adjacent permanent lateral incisors caused by ectopic eruption of maxillary canines were evaluated. The subjects consisted of two groups: one with 40 lateral incisors with resorption caused by ectopic eruption and a control group of 118 ectopic eruption cases with no lateral incisor resorption. The mean age of the children in the two groups differed by only 0.7 of a year and ranged from 10.0 to 15.0 years, covering the normal eruption period of the maxillary canine. Resorption of lateral incisors was three times as common in girls as in boys. The resorption cases showed a more advanced dental development, a more medial canine position in the dental arch, and a slightly more mesial horizontal path of eruption (an average of 10 degrees) than that of the control cases. Factors such as the width of the dental follicle and proclination or distal tilting of the lateral incisor showed no correlation to the resorption. Potential resorption cases are always those in which the canine cusp in periapical and panoramic films is positioned medially to the midline of the lateral incisor. Such situations should be carefully investigated with polytomography if necessary. The risk of resorption also will increase with a more mesial horizontal path of eruption. From 10 years of age or younger, annual clinical examination by palpation of the canine eruption path is recommended. This clinical examination should be supplemented with a stepwise extended radiographic procedure in cases in which ectopic eruption of the maxillary canines is suspected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Radiographic examination of ectopically erupting maxillary canines.

This study analyzes the need for and possibility of obtaining further information from different radiographic procedures in 125 children with potential ectopic eruption of the maxillary canines. After clinical examination of 3,000 10 to 15-year-old children, it was found that 7% needed radiographic examinations for determination of the canine position. Eighty-four children (2.8%), with a total of 125 potential ectopically erupting maxillary canines diagnosed clinically and by means of periapical radiographs, were selected and a stepwise extended radiographic diagnostic procedure was used. Most canines in ectopic eruption were positioned palatally; the positions could be assessed with sufficient accuracy from conventional periapical films in 92% of the cases. Only in 37% of the cases, however, could the lateral incisor be projected free from the ectopic canine by the intraoral technique. The lamina dura of the lateral incisor facing the canine was often found to be interrupted. For 29% of the ectopic canines, the lateral incisors could neither be projected free nor judged free from resorptions and a supplementary polytomographic investigation was believed to be necessary. The number of resorbed teeth was doubled by polytomography and altogether 12.5% of the ectopic canines caused resorptions. A stepwise radiographic procedure including polytomography is described and recommended in cases of ectopic eruption of maxillary canines for determining the correct position and ruling out or confirming resorptions on incisors, thereby optimizing the orthodontic treatment planning.

Adolescent↗