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Biomedical subjects

S F Knutsen

Publications and source records attributed to S F Knutsen.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The Tromsø Heart Study: family approach to intervention on CHD. Feasibility of risk factor reduction in high-risk persons--project description.

Intervention on high risk persons for CHD has shown varying results depending on the effectiveness of the intervention. Most studies have concentrated on the high-risk person only. The present study focuses on the high-risk family as an entity. 1,373 high-risk men, 30-55 years, were identified on the basis of high total cholesterol and/or low relative HDL (HDL-cholesterol/tot. cholesterol) in the Tromsø II screening in 1979/80, and randomly allocated to intervention or control group. The 673 men in the intervention group and their families, were offered advice to reduce their risk during two home visits and later by quarterly newsletters. Follow-up blood samples drawn 1.5 years following the home-visit, show a small reduction in total cholesterol and an increase in the ratio of HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol. Both the intervention and control group were invited to the examination in connection with the Tromsø III screening in 1986/87 and are being followed for 10 years on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The predictive value of resting electrocardiograms for 12-year incidence of coronary heart disease in the Honolulu Heart Program.

The predictive value of electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities at baseline for subsequent risk of fatal and total coronary heart disease (CHD) was analyzed in a 12-year follow-up of 7682 men in the Honolulu Heart Program aged 45-68 who were free of CHD at baseline. Univariate analysis showed that men with major or minor ECG abnormalities, ST depression, high R wave, T-wave inversion, left ventricular hypertrophy or strain and premature ventricular contractions had considerably higher (2-10 fold) CHD incidence rates than those with normal ECG. When blood pressure, cigarette smoking, body mass index, alcohol use, physical activity, serum glucose, serum cholesterol, serum uric acid, age and years lived in Japan were taken into consideration through multivariate analysis, the ECG abnormalities retained significant associations with fatal and total CHD. This study demonstrated that resting ECG abnormalities were independent predictors of both total and fatal CHD.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Predictive value of resting electrocardiograms for 12-year incidence of stroke in the Honolulu Heart Program.

The importance of electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities at baseline examination for subsequent risk of stroke was analyzed in a 12-year follow-up of 7,560 men in the Honolulu Heart Program, aged 45-68 years, who were free of coronary heart disease and stroke at baseline. Age-adjusted univariate analysis showed that men with major ST depression, left ventricular strain, left ventricular hypertrophy, major T wave inversion, and overall major ECG abnormalities had considerably higher (2.5-5.4 times) incidence rates of both thromboembolic and hemorrhagic stroke than those with normal baseline ECG. When blood pressure, age, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, fat intake, serum glucose concentration, serum uric acid concentration, years of education, and years lived in Japan were taken into consideration through multivariate analysis, the ECG abnormalities retained a significant relation with stroke. Our study demonstrates that resting ECG abnormalities are independent predictors of both thromboembolic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The Tromsø Heart Study: comparison of information from a short food frequency questionnaire with a dietary history survey.

In a group of 528 men, 30-54 years old, answers to various questions about dietary habits given in a questionnaire were compared to corresponding information given in a dietary history interview two years later. High concordance was found between the two methods for questions concerning types of foods most commonly used. For most food items, the mean intake according to the dietary recall corresponds well with intake reported in the questionnaire. For food items used every day in easily recorded units (slices of bread, cups of coffee, glasses of milk), the frequency questionnaire can be used to rank individuals according to consumption. For other food items, the concordance is less satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Practical training of medical students in community medicine. Eight years experience from the University of Tromsø.

From its beginning, the Medical School at the University of Tromsø aimed at obtaining a better balance between clinical medicine, basic science and community medicine in its curriculum. This was obtained by using the integrated model for teaching, having a separate study-block for community medicine, incorporating field work in local hospitals and with district doctors and requiring the students to write a scientific paper before qualifying. The 8-week field training with a district doctor started in 1978. Evaluations from these eight years have been analysed and show that students, during these eight weeks, are involved in many aspects of family- and community medicine. The programme has been given positive evaluations from both students and teachers. We conclude that the field training given to medical students in Tromsø is an efficient way of preparing the medical students for future clinical work both inside and outside institutions.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed1985

The Tromsø heart study: coffee consumption and serum lipid concentrations in men with hypercholesterolaemia: an randomised intervention study.

In a 10 week trial to assess the effects of coffee consumption and coffee brewing methods on serum cholesterol concentrations 33 men with hypercholesterolaemia were randomly assigned to: continue with their usual coffee intake; stop drinking coffee altogether; or stop drinking coffee for five weeks, thereafter drinking either boiled or filter coffee. Cholesterol concentrations fell significantly in all subjects abstaining for the first five weeks compared with subjects not giving up and continued to fall in those abstaining for 10 weeks. Cholesterol concentrations rose again in subjects returning to boiled coffee but remained the same in those returning to filter coffee. Abstention from heavy coffee drinking is an efficient way of reducing serum cholesterol concentrations in men with hypercholesterolaemia. The extent to which the brewing method affects this relation requires further study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of menopause on the relation between weight gain and mortality among women.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of menopause on the relation between weight gain and all-cause mortality. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study of 6,030 adults (ages 25-82 years) who never smoked cigarettes, had no history of coronary heart disease, cancer, or stroke, and were enrolled in a 29-year follow-up in which anthropometric data were given at baseline and at 17 years after baseline. RESULTS: Weight gain that occurred over a 17-year interval (baseline to 17 years after baseline) increased the mortality risk of men and middle-aged women, but decreased the mortality risk of older women. Further study of the women revealed that a strong protective effect of weight gains was only evident among the leanest ( 25 kg/m2) postmenopausal women [HR (95% CI) = 0.81 (0.41, 1.58)] or for premenopausal women [HR (95% CI) = 1.05 (0.49, 2.25) for 25 kg/m2]. We found that the protective effect of weight gain among the leanest postmenopausal women was primarily due to a more than threefold decrease in cardiovascular disease mortality risk. One possible explanation for these findings is that weight gain increases the level of adipose-tissue-derived estrogen among lean postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION: Moderate menopausal weight gain may be well tolerated in lean women.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Associations between meat consumption and the prevalence of degenerative arthritis and soft tissue disorders in the adventist health study, California U.S.A.

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between the prevalence of degenerative arthritis and soft tissue disorders and consumption of meat and other foods among participants in the Adventist Health Study. METHODS: Unconditional logistic regression analysis is used to examine cross-sectional associations, adjusting for the effects of age, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, use of sex hormones and parity. RESULTS: The prevalence of degenerative arthritis and soft tissue disorders was 22.60 percent. Women had a higher prevalence than men and prevalence increased greatly with age. Smoking, higher body mass index, never use of contraceptive pills, and current hormone replacement therapy are associated with a higher prevalence of these disorders on multivariate analysis. Multivariate OR's comparing consumption of meat < 1/week; >or= 1/week; with the reference being no meat, were 1.31(95% CI: 1.21,1.43) and 1.49(1.31, 1.70) in women; and 1.19 (95% CI: 1.05,1.34) and 1.43(1.20, 1.70) in men. Dairy fat and fruit consumption were weakly associated with increased risk. There were protective associations with nut and salad consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Greater meat consumption is associated with a higher prevalence of degenerative arthritis and soft tissue disorders in both male and female subjects of this population, as is hormone replacement therapy in women.

Adult↗