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Biomedical subjects

S F Lipson

Publications and source records attributed to S F Lipson.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Symptom fluctuation in bulimia nervosa: relation to menstrual-cycle phase and cortisol levels.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with bulimia nervosa report significant symptom fluctuation, and some studies have suggested a premenstrual exacerbation of binge frequency. The purpose of this study is to explore the hormonal correlates of symptom fluctuation in bulimia nervosa. METHOD: For five consecutive weeks (one full menstrual cycle), eight women with bulimia nervosa and eight non-eating-disordered control women collected morning saliva samples and recorded several mood characteristics; the bulimic women also recorded binge and purge episodes. Subsequently, salivary cortisol and androgen levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Bulimic symptoms were exacerbated in both the mid-luteal and premenstrual phases, when compared with the follicular and ovulatory phases (F(3,21) = 3.76, P = 0.026; contrast analysis t(7) = 3.47, P < 0.01). Fluctuation in cortisol was closely correlated with fluctuation of bulimic symptoms, with elevatedcortisol secretion following symptom exacerbation (r(24) = 0.64, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Bulimic symptom fluctuation appears to be related to two hormonal phenomena--phase of the menstrual cycle and cortisol secretion--with menstrual-cycle phase influencing bulimic symptom severity, and bulimic symptom severity effecting increases in cortisol secretion. Improved understanding of the hormonal causes and consequences of symptom fluctuation may lead to improved psychological and pharmacological treatments for bulimia nervosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of salivary steroid profiles in naturally occurring conception and non-conception cycles.

Oestradiol and progesterone profiles from naturally occurring conception and exposed non-conception cycles were compared to assess the impact of natural variation in concentrations of ovarian steroid hormones on female fecundity. In a prospective, longitudinal study, 24 women collected saliva samples twice daily and recorded intercourse for up to 1 year or until a pregnancy was clinically confirmed. Oestradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured by a salivary radioimmunoassay. Average mid-follicular oestradiol concentrations were significantly higher in conception than in non-conception cycles (12.6 +/- 1.7 versus 8.5 +/- 0.6 pmol/l, P < 0.01). A separate analysis, including only cycles from those women who contributed both conception and non-conception cycles, demonstrated an even more pronounced difference in mid-follicular oestradiol concentrations, not just for conception and non-conception cycles as groups (14.5 +/- 2.3 versus 6.5 +/- 0.7 pmol/l, P < 0.001), but also between the conception and average non-conception concentrations of individual women. Among these women, relative mid-follicular oestradiol concentration was highly correlated with the probability of successful conception. In addition, relative body weight was significantly positively correlated with mid-follicular oestradiol concentration. These findings indicate that variation in follicular development, reflected in variation in follicular oestradiol concentrations, is an important indicator of fecundity.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Reference values for luteal progesterone measured by salivary radioimmunoassay.

OBJECTIVE: To establish age-stratified reference values for salivary luteal P levels. DESIGN: One hundred thirty-six regularly menstruating women (18 to 48 years of age), screened for weight, exercise, and steroid medication use, collected daily saliva samples for one complete menstrual cycle. Luteal P levels were measured by 3H-RIA, and data were aligned by day of next menstrual onset. Means (+/- 1 SD range) and percentiles, calculated using both untransformed and log transformed data, were calculated for each luteal day and for indices of luteal P production. RESULTS: Reference values for salivary daily luteal P levels and indices of luteal P are presented for three age groups (18 to 24 years, 25 to 39 years, and 40 to 48 years). CONCLUSION: The age-stratified reference values presented here can be used, without collateral clinical procedures, to assess salivary luteal P levels. Salivary monitoring is ideally suited for research and long-term clinical observation, but the characteristics of salivary P data may limit the usefulness of these values for individual diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The ecological context of human ovarian function.

New methods for monitoring ovarian function have allowed an extension of research venue beyond typical clinical settings to studies of human populations in their natural settings. Such studies have confirmed that patterns of variation in ovarian function with age and energetic factors are general features of human reproductive biology. Age patterns of ovarian function are extremely robust across populations of distinct genetic, ecological and cultural backgrounds. Comparable ovarian responses to energetic stresses are likewise observable in different populations where they arise as correlates of local ecologies rather than as correlates of voluntary patterns of diet or exercise. Maternal age and energetic factors also appear to interact with lactation in the modulation of postpartum, ovarian function. Average levels of ovarian function, however, differ considerably between populations, perhaps correlated with chronic environmental conditions that affect growth, development, and the establishment of adult set-points. Western populations appear to represent an extreme of the spectrum of variation in ovarian function, a fact which may relate to the epidemiology of breast and ovarian cancer.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

Normative study of age variation in salivary progesterone profiles.

Daily luteal progesterone levels were measured for 124 regularly menstruating women, aged 18-44, by radioimmunoassay of steroid levels in saliva. A consistent pattern of age variation in luteal function was found, with the lowest levels of progesterone in the 18-19-year-old and 40-44-year-old groups, the highest values in the 25-34 year olds, and intermediate values in the 20-24 and 35-39-year-old groups. The striking similarity of this pattern of age variation with empirically and theoretically generated curves of apparent fecundability, suggests that age-related changes in ovarian function may underlie observed age variation in fecundability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The relationship between elastic properties and microstructure of bovine cortical bone.

The relationship between the structure of bone on the microscopic level and its mechanical properties was investigated by comparing bovine cortical bone of two microstructural types. Measurements of elastic properties were made in three orthogonal directions on specimens of plexiform and Haversian bone, taken from the same level of the same bone, using extensional wave ultrasonic techniques. Differences in Young's modulus of elasticity measured in the three directions correspond to observed structural differences; plexiform bone is anisotropic, while Haversian bone appears to be transversely isotropic. The pattern of distribution of the two structural types within different aspects of the same bovine femur suggests that the level of osteonal remodeling is related to the pattern of mechanical stress, especially due to muscular activity, in the bone. This may occur because Haversian remodeling is stimulated by microcracks in regions of high stress and/or repeated stress cycles, thus replacing fatigue-damaged bone and preventing failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

2,5-Bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)cyclopentylamine, a peripheral dopamine blocking agent.

2,5-Bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)cyclopentylamine hydrochloride has been synthesized. The intermediate 2,5-bis-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)cyclopentanone was formed in 91.8% yield using a sodium methoxide catalyzed aldol condensation and catalytic reduction. The oxime of this ketone was catalytically hydrogenated to the amine which was converted to the hydrochloride (76%). The amine hydrochloride was found to be an effective antagonist to the low-dose hypotensive effect of dopamine; the half-life of this effect was 18 min. At dopamine doses of 3 mg/kg in the atropinized and phenoxybenzamine treated dog, the ED50 for blockade was 4--5 mumol/kg. In direct contrast to its peripheral dopamine blocking activity, the compound potentiates apomorphine-induced stereotypy.

Amines↗