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Biomedical subjects

S F Stephenson

Publications and source records attributed to S F Stephenson.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

HLA and Mooren's ulceration.

BACKGROUND: Mooren's ulcer is a progressive intractable destructive peripheral ulceration of the cornea, probably of autoimmune aetiology. The disease is rare in the northern hemisphere but is more common in southern and central Africa and the Indian subcontinent. Although rare, its predominance in certain racial groups and their second generation migrants worldwide indicates a genetic as well as a geographic predisposition. The highly polymorphic human leucocyte antigens (HLA) confer genetic susceptibility to several autoimmune disorders. Therefore, a possible link between Mooren's ulcer and HLA type was investigated. METHODS: Patients (n=22) with non-infective destructive peripheral corneal inflammatory disease were recruited worldwide. Differential diagnosis confirmed Mooren's ulceration in 12 cases. HLA typing (HLA-A, B, C, DRB, DQB) was performed by serology and PCR using sequence specific primers. The patients came from varied ethnic backgrounds and their HLA typing results were compared with published data from ethnically matched control populations. RESULTS: Of the 12 patients with Mooren's ulcer, 10 (83%) were HLA-DR17(3) positive (including all nine patients of Asian, Indonesian, and black African origin), and 10 (83%) were HLA-DQ2 positive. The frequency of HLA-DR17(3) and DQ2 was higher in the Mooren's ulcer group compared to published data from ethnically matched control populations, where the expected antigen frequencies range between 5% and 40%. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a possible association between HLA-DR17(3) and/or DQ2 and susceptibility to Mooren's ulcer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The predisposition to infection following hemorrhagic shock.

Subsequent life threatening gram-negative infection in patients successfully resuscitated from hemorrhagic shock is becoming increasingly common. Following hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, Sprague-Dawley rats were given Escherichia coli intraperitoneally to simulate the clinical setting in which peritoneal contamination and hypovolemic shock occur concurrently. A sublethal dosage of bacteria resulted in a 100 per cent mortality. This suggests that hemorrhagic shock, even when treated promptly and effectively, predisposes to infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous pneumothorax: the sharp rib syndrome.

Of 49 patients undergoing operation for benign spontaneous pneumothorax, 28 (57%) were found to have a sharp first or second rib. In a series of 100 patients undergoing thoracotomy for other conditions, only eight (8%) were found to have a sharp rib. The association between sharp ribs, apical scars and bullae, and spontaneous pneumothorax is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous pneumopericardium.

Spontaneous pneumopericardium is a relatively rare event, although cases have been recorded over the past 130 years. Many were associated with malignancy, trauma, infection or as a complication of recent surgery. Attempts at surgical resolution have been infrequent and survival extremely rare. We describe a patient in whom pneumopericardium developed spontaneously and insidiously, probably being present for some weeks before hospital investigation. Surgical exploration revealed the cause to be a benign gastric ulcer without an hiatus hernia or other diaphragmatic defect. Repair was attempted but the patient died in the early postoperative period. From an extensive review of the literature it is clear that spontaneous perforation of a gastric ulcer into the pericardium must be less rare than some authors have suggested.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

The pathophysiology of smoke inhalation injury.

The consequences of near-lethal smoke inhalation in dogs were studied for a 72-hour period following injury. Progressive hypoxemia and decrease in compliance developed. Severe respiratory distress and frank pulmonary edema were not encountered. Respiratory insufficiecy was related more to alterations in ventilation perfusion ratios than to alveolar destruction. These data were related to clinical observations made by others. No deterioration of lung function was seen with crystalloid overload imposed upon smoke inhalation. The presence of bacterial infection in dogs surviving beyond 24 hours appears pathogenically significant.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Intramural diverticulosis of the oesophagus.

Four cases of intramural diverticulosis of the oesophagus are described, and the findings are reviewed in 12 previously reported cases. Evidence is presented that this condition is a true pulsion diverticulosis due to deranged motor activity and raised intraluminal pressure. It may occur in cases of diffuse oesophageal spasm, or it may follow inflammation, stricture or surgery. The course is benign, complications being those of the underlying disorder.

Adult↗