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Biomedical subjects

S Fine

Publications and source records attributed to S Fine.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Hepatic arterial infusion of mitoxantrone in the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Twenty-three patients (16 male, seven female) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were treated by hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of mitoxantrone every 4 weeks. At each treatment, a catheter was inserted percutaneously into the main hepatic artery via the femoral artery under image intensification. Treatment consisted of a 24-hour continuous HAI of mitoxantrone, 6 mg/m2/d X 3 (eight patients) or 10 mg/m2/d X 3 (14 patients) without heparin. Eight patients had only one infusion, nine patients four infusions, five patients three infusions, two patients two infusions, and one patient five infusions. A partial response was seen in six patients, with a median duration of 20 weeks (range, 18 to 38 weeks). Five patients achieved stable disease, with a median duration of 20 weeks (range, 11 to 42 weeks). The median survival of the overall group was 22 weeks. Survivals of responding, stable, and nonresponding patients were 32 weeks, 24 weeks, and 9 weeks, respectively. Complications of catheter placement included asymptomatic dissection of the hepatic artery (one patient), and asymptomatic thrombosis of the hepatic artery (five patients). Three patients experienced mild nausea and vomiting, and six patients had mild to moderate alopecia. Granulocytopenia was frequent at both dose schedules. The granulocyte nadir was greater than 1,000/microL in 34% of evaluable courses, 500 to 1,000/microL in 32%, and less than 500/microL in 34% of courses. Two patients developed neutropenia-associated fever. A platelet nadir below 100,000/microL was seen after only 10% of courses, and only two patients had platelets below 50,000/microL. Seven patients received doxorubicin after progression on mitoxantrone. Four received systemic doxorubicin, 50 mg/m2, and three HAI of doxorubicin, 25 mg/m2, for three days. Two patients achieved partial response (18 weeks and 32 weeks) to HAI doxorubicin. Mitoxantrone has activity in HCC and is well tolerated when administered by HAI. It is not entirely cross-resistant with doxorubicin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Computed tomography in advanced ovarian cancer. Inter- and intraobserver reliability.

We have examined the reliability of computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Three radiologists independently read the same set of 140 CT scans. Fifty percent of the films were reread by the same radiologist to assess intraobserver agreement. In addition we assessed variability among radiologists in reporting signs of disease such as a mass and ascites and the variability in reporting a change in signs in response to therapy. Intraobserver agreement on the identification of signs such as a mass and ascites and on overall response to therapy was moderate to excellent (Kappa 0.52-0.84). Agreement among observers on the same signs was not as good (Kappa 0.36-0.79).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Phase II study of carboplatin in patients with ovarian carcinoma: a National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Study.

The National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group conducted a phase II study of carboplatin (400 mg/m2) given as an iv bolus every 4 weeks in patients with measurable advanced ovarian cancer who had failed or relapsed following standard platinum-containing therapy. Four complete and eight partial responses were seen in 43 evaluable patients. Toxicity was primarily hematologic. Myelosuppression, particularly thrombocytopenia, was severe in one-third of patients treated at the 400-mg/m2 starting dose. Carboplatin has antitumor activity in this clinical setting, but a lower starting dose is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma with mitomycin and doxorubicin.

Thirty patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were treated with doxorubicin combined with mitomycin; only four (13%) responded. Myelosuppression was the major toxic effect; there was one toxic death. The overall median survival was 14 weeks (range, 2-42), which is no different from that reported for untreated patients. The combination of doxorubicin and mitomycin alone cannot be recommended for use in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Plasma pharmacokinetics of 5-FU given by continuous infusion with allopurinol.

We determined the steady-state plasma levels of 5-FU when the drug was administered by continuous infusion for 5 days during 21 courses in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma receiving concomitant oral allopurinol given at a dose of 300 mg orally three times/day. The steady-state plasma level increased from 3.37 to 7.49 microM with dose increases from 1.25 to 2.25 g/m2/day. Clearance ranged from 1.79 to 2.41 L/min/m2. Although we observed a large day-to-day variation and a large patient-to-patient variation in plasma 5-FU levels at any given dose level, these were not significant. The plasma level of 5-FU increased linearly with dose. The difference between 5-FU plasma levels with dose was significant (P = 0.002). When the levels were adjusted for patient-to-patient and day-to-day variation the difference remained significant (P = 0.02). The results indicate that: (a) plasma levels of 5-FU may show large but insignificant variation from patient to patient and from day to day; and (b) steady-state plasma levels and 5-FU increased linearly with dose.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1985

Affective disorders in children and adolescents: the dysthymic disorder dilemma.

From 60 patients referred for assessment of their depressive symptomatology, 13 were found to suffer from major affective disorder and 14 from dysthymic disorder. The results from self-rating scales (the Children's Depression Inventory and the Children's Depression Scale) were compared with the findings from diagnostic interviews (using DSM-III criteria). The large proportion of dysthymic disorders in this sample is compared to the low reported figure in most other samples and some comments about the possible usefulness of this diagnosis are made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Adenocarcinoma of the rectum metastatic to the oral cavity. Two cases and a review of the literature.

Two cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma occurring in the oral cavity are presented. One patient experienced lip paresthesias and pain as the presenting complaint. The other patient developed a growth at the site of a recent tooth extraction, and had bony erosion of the adjacent maxilla. The literature on metastatic lesions to the oral cavity including mandible is reviewed. This problem has been described almost exclusively in the oral and dental surgery literature. The clinical symptoms and signs described here should suggest the possibility of metastatic tumor to the oral cavity, and may be the initial manifestation of malignant disease.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1984

Concurrent radiation, mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil in poor prognosis carcinoma of cervix: preliminary results of a phase I-II study.

Between July 1981 and June 1983, 27 patients with advanced primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of cervix (FIGO Stages IIIB, IVA or extensive nodal involvement) and 8 with recurrent disease were treated using a pilot regimen of combination chemotherapy (CT): Mitomycin C (MIT), 5 Fluorouracil (5 FU), and radiation therapy (RT). CT and RT doses on this Phase I-II Study were escalated to the current regimen. A split course of RT was used, either pelvic RT alone (4560 Gy in 28 fractions) or the same pelvic RT plus para-aortic RT (3600 Gy in 24 fractions). CT was given: MIT 6 mg/M2 IV push day 1, and 5 FU 1.0 g/M2 (maximum daily 1.5 g) by continuous IV infusion days 1 through 4 of each half-course of RT. This was followed by one application of intrauterine 137Cs when possible. Three of the 8 patients with recurrence in the pelvis or para-aortic nodes had a complete response (CR) to CT-RT and are alive without disease at 19, 19 and 22 months after treatment, respectively. Twenty of the 27 (74%) primary patients had a CR. With a median duration of follow-up of 6 months 4/20 have relapsed, 1 in RT field, 2 at distant sites, and 1 in both. Pelvic disease remains controlled in 19/27 (70%) including one patient salvaged with surgery. The acute toxicity of this regimen was tolerable: 2/35 developed transient leukopenia with one febrile episode, 9/35 developed transient thrombocytopenia without bleeding. Symptomatic sigmoid strictures developed in two patients, one requiring surgical intervention. Sigmoid perforation occurred in one patient and contributed to death. Typically, near complete regression of tumor is noted on completion of the external RT, reproducing the dramatic responses that have been observed in SCC of the anal canal, esophagus and head and neck, with this CT-RT regimen. A Phase III Study is required to establish whether the enhanced response rates to CT-RT will result in increased pelvic control and cure rates compared to those after RT alone.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1984

Respiratory exposures associated with silicon carbide production: estimation of cumulative exposures for an epidemiological study.

Silicon carbide is produced by heating a mixture of petroleum coke and silica sand to approximately 2000 degrees C in an electric furnace for 36 hours. During heating, large amounts of carbon monoxide are released, sulphur dioxide is produced from residual sulphur in the coke, and hydrocarbon fume is produced by pyrolysis of the coke. Loading and unloading furnaces causes exposures to respirable dust containing crystalline silica, silicon carbide, and hydrocarbons. In the autumn of 1980 extensive measurements were made of personal exposures to air contaminants. Eight hour time weighted exposures to sulphur dioxide ranged from less than 0.1 ppm to 1.5 ppm and respirable participate exposures ranged from 0.01 mg/m3 to 9.0 mg/m3. Geometric mean particulate exposures for jobs ranged from 0.1 mg/m3 to 1.46 mg/m3. The particulate contained varying amounts of alpha-quartz, ranging from less than 1% to 17%, and most quartz exposures were substantially below the threshold limit value of 100 micrograms/m3. Only traces of cristobalite (less than 1%) were found in the particulate. Median exposures to air contaminants in each job were estimated. Since the operations at the plant had been stable over the past 30 years, it was possible to estimate long term exposures of workers to sulphur dioxide, respirable particulate, quartz, total inorganic material, and extractable organic material. Cumulative exposure (average concentration times exposure duration) for each of the air contaminants was estimated for each worker using his job history. There was sufficient independent variability in the sulphur dioxide and respirable particulate cumulative exposures to make an assessment of their independent effects feasible. The theoretical basis for using the cumulative exposure index and its shortcomings for epidemiological applications were presented.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗