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Biomedical subjects

S Fishman

Publications and source records attributed to S Fishman.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Relationships among an older adult's life review, ego integrity, and death anxiety.

The frameworks of Erikson (1963) and Butler (1963) were used to design this descriptive study that investigated the relationships among life review, ego integrity, and death anxiety in older adults. Three hypotheses were proposed: (a) the greater the life review, the higher the ego integrity; (b) the greater the life review, the lower the death anxiety; (c) the higher the ego integrity, the lower the death anxiety. The sample consisted of 115 female and male volunteers between the ages of 65 and 93. The participants filled out the Life Review Questionnaire, Adult Ego Development Scale, Death Anxiety Scale, Death Preparation Scale, and a Personal Information Sheet. Life review, while not positively correlated with ego integrity, was found to have a negative correlation with death anxiety. Also, religious subjects were found to be more prepared for death than those who did not practice. Implications for therapy and future research are discussed, as well.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of plastic/metal and leather/metal knee-ankle-foot orthoses.

Fifteen children with bilateral lower limb disability were fit alternately with plastic/metal (PM) and leather/metal (LM) knee-ankle-foot orthoses. Fit was maintained by periodic growth adjustments. Gait, activities of daily living, and subjective reactions were gathered for each orthosis type. Despite previous anecdotal reports and expert opinion to the contrary, no overall differences were found between the two types of orthoses. Several specific differences were revealed, however; most children preferred the PM orthoses, saying they were lighter and more easily donned and doffed; the PM orthoses also controlled hip and knee sagittal motion and foot valgus/varus during gait more effectively. Individual biomechanical, neuromuscular and psychologic attributes of the disabled child must be carefully matched with the technical attributes of each orthotic option to effect an optimal prescription.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Acceptability of the NYU Number 1 Child-sized Body-powered Hand. New York University.

The NYU Number 1 Child-sized Body-powered Hand was field tested on 24 children with below-elbow limb deficiency. Identical in size (14.4cm, four-knuckle circumference) and shape to the Systemteknik myoelectric number 1 size hand, this hand offers a new prescription alternative for very young children with upper-limb amputation. The participating children and prosthetic clinic teams reacted very favorably to the hand's appearance, function, and light weight. Maintenance reports during the three-month trial were primarily concerned with glove damage. Overall, the hand was received enthusiastically, and is now in commercial production.

Artificial Limbs↗
PubMed1987

Calcium dynamics: a model system approach.

A computerized model used to simulate calcium metabolism in growing chicks combines growth equations with differential equations that account for the amount and action of various components of the plasma calcium regulating subsystems--intestine, kidney and bone. These in turn are modulated by the calcium-regulating hormones: parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Simulation with this model indicated oscillations in the plasma calcium concentration in growing chicks under normal dietary conditions. The oscillations diminish in amplitude and finally disappear when dietary calcium concentrations are either reduced or elevated. These oscillations, triggered by the perturbation imposed by growth, are the result of the dual action of parathyroid hormone on bone on the one hand and on intestinal calcium absorption via the 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol synthesizing system on the other and the difference in the response time between the two subsystems. Simulation also predicts that at high or low intakes of calcium, the capacity of the control systems is exceeded and oscillation in plasma. calcium diminish and finally disappear. Bone calcium, simulated for different calcium concentrations, mimics documented experimental results.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Model of plasma calcium regulation: system oscillations induced by growth.

The process of growth was included in a model for simulation of calcium homeostasis in the chick, using data of carcass composition and a model of growth and energy intake. Computer simulations, made for chickens between 0 and 10 wk of age, predicted oscillations in plasma calcium and its major regulatory systems. Analysis of the oscillations indicated a periodicity of approximately 55 h. The oscillations were proportionally dependent on the rate of growth, disappearing almost completely when growth rate was made equal to zero. Subject to the validity of the model, it is suggested that the oscillations in plasma calcium and some of the components of the regulatory systems are induced by a continuous perturbation (growth) resulting in a dual response to the main regulatory hormone, parathyroid hormone, one rapid with a response time of minutes (bone), and one delayed, with a response time of hours (calcium absorption via the metabolism of 1,25-dihydroxychole-calciferol). It is also suggested that some of the normal variance and some of the rhythmicity observed previously in various components of the calcium regulatory system may be the results of spontaneous oscillations.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Parameter estimation for ligand binding systems kinetics applied to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.

A mathematical analysis of the kinetics of the hormone-receptor interaction was applied to the 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-intestinal receptor system. The exact analytical solution and the numerical integration of the kinetic equation were installed in a Statistical Analysis System (SAS) computer program to estimate the rate constants of the reaction. Estimates of the parameters obtained by these two methods are similar, demonstrating that the numerical integration can be combined with the nonlinear regression procedure for least-squares parameter fitting using a simple SAS program. This enables estimation of kinetics rate constants when the kinetic equation cannot be solved analytically. The ratio of the rate constants (ka/kd) found by the nonlinear procedure is close to the independently determined equilibrium (Scatchard) constant in the nonlinear analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Reliability of observational kinematic gait analysis.

Gait analysis, like all clinical assessments, is subject to measurement error. Specification of the extent of measurement error is imperative before drawing conclusions from any test. The purpose of this study was to determine the within-rater and between-rater reliability of observational gait analysis in a pediatric sample wearing knee-ankle-foot orthoses. Three expert observers, using a 3-point scale, rated videotaped gait kinematics of 15 children who had lower limb disability and who wore braces. The rating sessions were then repeated, with one month between sessions. Total agreement (identical ratings), both between-raters and within-raters, occurred in two-thirds of the observations, and an additional 29% of the observations differed by one point. Between-rater intraclass correlation coefficient type 2, 1 was .73; within-rater Pearson product-moment correlation averaged .60. Observational kinematic gait analysis appears to be a convenient, but only moderately reliable, technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Determination of estrogens in dosage forms by fluorescence using dansyl chloride.

A sensitive, reproducible, fluorometric procedure for the determination of estrogens in pharmaceutical preparations is presented. The estrogens are determined fluorometrically following their reaction with dansyl chloride. The optimum conditions for the reaction such as pH, reaction solvent composition variations, and speed of reaction are discussed. In addition, a linearity study of the relationship between concentration and fluorescence intensity for estrone, estradiol, and ethinyl estradiol is reported. Solvent extraction procedures based on acid-base behavior or column chromatography are used when necessary to isolate the estrogen prior to reaction with dansyl chloride and fluorometric measurement. The recovery of estrogens from spiked samples indicated that the proposed method is efficient and reproducible. Comparison of the dansyl procedure with the official NF method in the analysis of estrone aqueous suspension showed the proposed method to be accurate and more precise than the NF assay. Estrone aqueous suspension, estradiol in sesame oil, estradiol valerate in castor oil and in sesame oil (in the latter case, in the presence of testosterone), estradiol benzoate in sesame oil, and ethinyl estradiol tablets (0.5 mg/tablet) from commercial sources were satisfactorily analyzed, with average results within compendial limits and no coefficient of variation greater than 2%.

Castor Oil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Icelandic-Swedish-New York above-knee prosthetic sockets: pediatric experience.

The Icelandic-Swedish-New York (ISNY) above-knee prosthetic socket affords juvenile amputees improved comfort, function, and appearance. The flexible polyethylene socket and rigid frame facilitate accommodation to longitudinal and circumferential limb growth. Review of 10 subjects revealed that all who had worn pelvic band suspension with prior prosthesis having rigid sockets could use total or partial suction to suspend prostheses having ISNY sockets.

Adolescent↗