PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Foster

Publications and source records attributed to S Foster.

123 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Aqueous humor as a modulator of growth in fibroblast cultures.

Samples of aqueous humor from rabbits and humans were examined for growth effects on subconfluent monolayer fibroblast cultures from ocular and extraocular tissues. At a concentration of 20% aqueous by medium volume, both homologous and heterologous aqueous stimulated DNA synthesis in fibroblasts from both species. The stimulation was independent of medium serum. When fibroblasts were exposed to 0 to 100% aqueous in serum-free medium or 0 to 98% aqueous in 2% serum-supplemented medium, no concentration of aqueous was observed in which DNA synthesis was inhibited. However, higher concentrations of aqueous led to increasing cell loss resulting in an apparent net inhibition of culture growth. Net growth effects of aqueous humor were, therefore, dependent upon aqueous concentration and were apparently due to the combined effects of stimulation of proliferation and reduction in cell survival.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathology of the kidney in childhood immunodeficiency: AIDS-related nephropathy is not unique.

Clinical and nephropathologic findings in autopsy material from 7 children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), 13 with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID), and 6 with a variety of other congenital immune deficiencies were reviewed in an effort to understand better the pathophysiology of the AIDS-related nephropathy. Non-HIV viral infection seemed to be associated with the development of the pathologic changes considered to be components of the AIDS-related nephropathy, and these changes, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and tubular epithelial cell injury and ectasia, were not limited to the kidneys of children with AIDS but were present in many of the congenital immune deficiencies. Of the 5 children with congenital AIDS, only the 3 who survived longer than a year developed AIDS-related nephropathy, whereas the two children with transfusion-acquired AIDS did not develop renal disease despite surviving for several years after initial infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of patient information on the quality of pharmacists' drug use review decisions.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of incremental increases in patient information on the quality of pharmacists' clinical decisions related to legally mandated prospective drug utilization review (DUR) responsibilities. DESIGN: Unblinded comparison of two groups. PARTICIPANTS: 28 community pharmacists in Indiana (group 1) and 32 Public Health Service pharmacists employed in the Indian Health Service (IHS) (group 2). INTERVENTIONS: Clinical cases involving prescribing problems were developed from patient charts. Each case contained four levels of increasing patient information: Level 1 included only information required for a legal prescription in Indiana; Level 2 added the patient's current medication profile, age, and allergies; Level 3 added the diagnosis or reason for use of the prescribed medication; and Level 4 added the physician's progress note. Pharmacists were asked to evaluate the prescribed drug therapy at each level of each case and complete a Dispensing Appropriateness Index (DAI) report, which included all prospective DUR criteria required by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. The quality of pharmacists' DUR decisions at each level of patient information was evaluated by comparing pharmacists' responses on the DAI reports with the consensus judgment of two clinical experts. RESULTS: The quality of both community and IHS pharmacists' DUR decisions improved significantly at each incremental level of patient information. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists in this study made better decisions when they had access to more complete patient information on which to base their decisions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Promoting dietary change in adolescents: a school-based approach for modifying and maintaining healthful behavior.

We examined the immediate and long-term effects of a school-based, behaviorally focused dietary change program for tenth-graders. Our behavioral change objectives included increased consumption of complex carbohydrates and decreased intake of saturated fats, sugar, and salt, particularly in the form of snack foods. We randomly assigned tenth-grade classes in two northern California high schools to either a five-session dietary change program or an assessment-only control group. We collected pre- and postprogram self-report data on 218 students in areas of dietary knowledge, behavior, attitudes, food availability in the home, and intentions and self-efficacy concerning eating in specific ways. We also observed school snack choices both directly and indirectly. Our results indicated significant changes in reported behavior, knowledge, and food availability at home, as well as changes in snack choices at school. We found these changes to be durable at one-year follow-up. Our findings suggest ways in which school-based programs focused on behavioral and environmental changes may be effective in promoting dietary changes at school and at home.

Adolescent↗