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Biomedical subjects

S Fujishima

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujishima.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Clinical significance of gallium-67 scintigraphy in assessing pulmonary lesions of sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].

To evaluate whether one can predict the course and prognosis of interstitial lung diseases from lung gallium-67 (67Ga) uptake, we studied 31 subjects with sarcoidosis and 28 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) retrospectively. We quantified the lung 67Ga uptake using posterior scans by Line's method, and calculated a visual index (VI). The normal range of 67Ga uptake was defined as less than 65 VI values, obtained from the 95 percent confidence interval of the control subjects. All subjects with stage I sarcoidosis, having only bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BHL) on chest X-ray, revealed normal lung 67Ga uptake. Fifty percent of patients with stage II sarcoidosis, with both BHL and pulmonary involvement on chest X-ray, showed increased lung 67Ga uptake. The patients with increased lung 67Ga uptake showed decreased percent vital capacity and increased alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference, but none of them showed clinical deterioration during the follow-up period of more than 6 months. Fifty-four percent of subjects with IPF showed increased lung 67Ga uptake. But there was no difference between the subgroups with normal and increased lung 67Ga uptake with respect to the severity of dyspnea, percent vital capacity, arterial oxygen tension, or alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference. There was also no difference between the two subgroups of IPF in the cumulative percent survival after either the onset of symptoms or the 67Ga scintigram. We conclude that lung 67Ga uptake was not able to predict the clinical course or the prognosis of patients with sarcoidosis and IPF.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Isoproterenol prevents oxidant-induced injury in isolated rabbit lungs.

Increased vascular permeability in the adult respiratory distress syndrome is due in part to toxic oxygen metabolites. In the present study, we produced lung injury in the isolated rabbit lung with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and examined its prevention with isoproterenol. Pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) and the fluid filtration coefficient (Kf) were measured as indices of lung injury. Rabbits were divided into two groups, and 7 mmol/l H2O2 was administered in both groups. In one group, isoproterenol (2 micrograms/ml) was administered 10 min before H2O2 injury. Ppa increased transiently after H2O2 administration in the control group but was unchanged in the isoproterenol group. Kf was significantly increased by H2O2 administration in the control group but not in the isoproterenol group. We conclude that H2O2 increases pulmonary vascular permeability and that isoproterenol may protect against H2O2-induced pulmonary injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Exploration on the reconstruction of lung image and the estimation of lung tissue volume by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)].

We studied the use of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for evaluating lung image and measuring lung tissue volume, in a lung phantom and healthy volunteers. Three conditions of image processing were tested using the phantom, and found out a backprojection method with using a Shepp-Logan filter and a pre-reconstruction smoothing of 3 X 3 pixels to be suited. A lung tissue volume was estimated from the summation of voxels in the region where the SPECT value was greater than an arbitrary threshold level. We changed phantom lung density from 0.34 g/cm3 to 0.58 g/cm3, but there was no significant effect in the estimated volume by the density change. Changes in the lung SPECT images and lung tissue volumes in healthy subjects were studied, after changing the lung volume by applying either continuous negative body-surface pressure (CNP) to the thorax or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Difference of the lung expansion in the two methods was visualized by the SPECT images. The lung tissue volumes obtained by SPECT were correlated with the functional residual capacity by Helium dilution method (r = 0.91, p less than 0.001). We concluded that lung SPECT could be used clinically to display the distribution of a tracer radio-isotope in the lungs and also used to estimate the lung tissue volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Attenuation of acute lung injury in septic guinea-pigs by a new xanthine derivative (HWA-138).

The protective effect of xanthines against E. coli-induced and cytokine-induced lung injury in guinea-pigs has been demonstrated recently. In the present study, the possible protective effects were examined of an analogue of pentoxifylline, HWA-138, a xanthine derivative, on lung injury in septic guinea-pigs. Three groups of animals were studied over a period of 8 hours: Group I animals--saline control injected intravenously with 3 ml 2% lysine/normal saline followed by a continuous lysine/saline infusion (1 ml/kg/hr); Group II--septic control injected intravenously with 2 x 10(9)/kg Escherichia coli followed by a continuous lysine/saline infusion (1 ml/kg/hr); and Group III--E. coli septicaemia plus HWA-138 continuous infusion (HWA-138 dissolved in lysine/saline) began with a bolus (10 mg/kg) followed by a HWA-138 continuous infusion (3 mg/kg/hr) started 60 minutes before injection of E. coli. Arterial blood pressure and white blood cell counts were monitored serially for 8 hours. Lung water (wet-to-dry ratio) and the concentration ratio of 125I-labelled albumin in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue compared to plasma (125I-albumin BAL/plasma, 125I-albumin lung/plasma) were examined. Results demonstrated that an intravenous injection of E. coli caused an increased W/D ratio (p less than 0.01) and an increased 125I-albumin lung/plasma ratio (p less than 0.01). In contrast, the HWA-138-treated group did not demonstrate significantly increased W/D lung ratios (p less than 0.01) and 125I-albumin lung/plasma ratios (p less than 0.05). The data suggest a possible role for HWA-138 in attenuating sepsis-induced lung injury.

Acute Disease↗