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Biomedical subjects

S G Shapoval'iants

Publications and source records attributed to S G Shapoval'iants.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Video-laparoscopic suture of duodenal ulcers perforations].

The authors analyze their experience of 62 video-laparoscopic operations for perforating duodenal ulcer from January 1998 to May 1999. The optimal algorithm of the patients' preoperative examination and substantiation of the used technique are given. Basic steps and technical aspects of the operation are designated. Basic approaches to the postoperative anti-ulcerous treatment are specified. Basic indications and contraindications to video-laparoscopic-closure of duodenum opening in perforating ulcer are indicated.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1999

[Polarization microscopy of bile for diagnosis of microcholedocholithiasis].

Comparative analysis of the results of microscopic examination of ductal bile was carried out in 2 groups of patients with clinical manifestations of the disease of extrahepatic bile ducts (choledocholithiasis, mechanical jaundice, cholangitis). In group 1 (17 patients) choledocholithiasis was diagnosed on the basis of ultrasound examination (USE) and direct contrast examination of the bile ducts at retrograde pancreatocholangiography (RPCG). In group 2 (17 patients) USE and RPCG proved to be uninformative and only polarizable microscopy of ductal bile taken by the method of direct endoscopical catheterization of the major duodenal papillae was able to reveal microcholedocholithiasis. It served an indication for endoscopical papillosphincterotomy performance. Thus polarizable microscopy of ductal bile is a reliable method of diagnosis of microcholedocholithiasis, which makes it possible to establish indications for correction of the major duodenal papilla.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Obliteration of gallbladder lumen in patients with high operation risk].

The paper presents pilot results of clinical application of developed experimintally method of treatment for acute cholecystitis based on demucosation of the gall-bladder followed by obliteration of its lumen. Two modifications of the method-treatment of mucous membrane of the gall-bladder by phenol emulsion (16 patients) and electrocoagulation of the mucosa (49 patients)--were used with good clinical results in patients with high operation risk. Follow-up results are available for up to 3.5 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Morphofunctional aspects in surgery of chronic pancreatitis].

On the basis of 15-year experience in the treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis, among which 236 patients underwent operation, the authors describe the examination scheme and discuss the indications and various methods for treatment of the disease. Particular attention is bestowed upon morphological changes of the pancreas, including ultrastructural analysis, as well as on the study of the functional condition by evaluation of the pure pancreatic secretions. The importance of the extrasecretory function of the pancreas in choosing the method of direct intervention on the organ is shown. The indications for nonoperative, endoscopic, and surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis are determined according to the morphofunctional changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The ultrasonic diagnosis of choledocholithiasis].

The results of examination and treatment of 162 patients with clinically suspected choledocholithiasis were analysed. The high significance of ultrasonic examination in the diagnosis of a calculous nature of the affection of the biliary tree with a record of its echosemeiotics is shown. The wide use of ultrasonic examination yields better information. Study of the results of complex examination of 110 patients with verified choledocholithiasis confirmed the high rarefying capacity of the ultrasonic method in the detection of stones in the extrahepatic biliary tree (85.8% accuracy of the examination) both when it is applied for the first time and when it is used during the treatment. Obligatory performance of ultrasonic examination in diseases of the extrahepatic biliary ducts is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The comprehensive assessment of the degree of severity of their condition in patients with mechanical jaundice].

The authors examined 42 patients with obstructive jaundice of various severity. Comparison of the findings of radiohepatography with intoxication values according to the medium-weight molecule test and the biochemical parameters revealed statistically significant differences of some quantitative indices depending of the severity of jaundice. The results of the study made it possible to recommend the use of the values of blood clearance, time of maximum accumulation of a radiopharmacological agent in the liver, hepatic and blood retention index, and the medium-weight molecule test for objective quantitative appraisal of the severity of obstructive jaundice. Study of the time course of changes of the above parameters showed that normalization of hepatic function in resolving jaundice begins only from the second week after decompression of the biliary tract, which must be borne in mind in choosing the optimal time for the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnostic value of determining plasma levels of middle molecule toxins in patients with mechanical jaundice].

On the basis of complex examination of 54 patients with obstructive jaundice, the authors show the diagnostic value of testing the level of middle-mass molecules for qualitative appraisal of the severity of the intoxication as well as for determination of the rational tactics in the management of patients with obstructive jaundice. With the use of the test for middle-mass molecules, the volume of nonoperative therapy and the time for the operative interventions will be determined more rationally, as the result of which the results of treatment of this severe disease will improve.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical tactics in mechanical jaundice].

On the basis of complex examination and treatment of 167 patients with obstructive jaundice of various etiology, the authors suggest a differentiated approach to the choice of the volume, method, and duration of detoxification therapy as well as the time and volume of an operative intervention. The necessity of preoperative correction of cholestasis by nonoperative measures and instrumental methods of decompression of the biliary tract is substantiated. It is shown that intraarterial regional infusion therapy must be applied in patients whose condition is most serious.

Choledochostomy↗
PubMed1989

[Nonorganic retroperitoneal tumors].

The possibilities of various methods of examination in 22 patients with nonorganic retroperitoneal tumors were evaluated on the basis of complex diagnosis. The importance of ultrasonic examination for determining the tactics of the management of patients is shown. The method improves the results of examination of patients with nonorganic retroperitoneal tumors and allows the volume of radio-endoscopic studies to be reduced.

Diagnosis, Differential↗