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Biomedical subjects

S G Turner

Publications and source records attributed to S G Turner.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Programmable shunt-related suicide attempt.

The treatment of hydrocephalus has benefited recently from the use of programmable shunt valves. These devices can be adjusted using magnets to regulate how much spinal fluid is drained. However, it is unclear to what extent other environmental magnetic sources can affect programmable valves. We present the case of a man who attempted suicide by successfully turning his adjustable valve to a near-maximal setting using a hand-held electromagnet, and discuss other reported cases in order to better understand the effects of environmental magnets on programmable shunt valves.

Brain↗
PubMed2001

Effect of NASA light-emitting diode irradiation on wound healing.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and near-infrared light therapy on wound healing. BACKGROUND DATA: Light-emitting diodes (LED), originally developed for NASA plant growth experiments in space show promise for delivering light deep into tissues of the body to promote wound healing and human tissue growth. In this paper, we review and present our new data of LED treatment on cells grown in culture, on ischemic and diabetic wounds in rat models, and on acute and chronic wounds in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro and in vivo (animal and human) studies utilized a variety of LED wavelength, power intensity, and energy density parameters to begin to identify conditions for each biological tissue that are optimal for biostimulation. RESULTS: LED produced in vitro increases of cell growth of 140-200% in mouse-derived fibroblasts, rat-derived osteoblasts, and rat-derived skeletal muscle cells, and increases in growth of 155-171% of normal human epithelial cells. Wound size decreased up to 36% in conjunction with HBO in ischemic rat models. LED produced improvement of greater than 40% in musculoskeletal training injuries in Navy SEAL team members, and decreased wound healing time in crew members aboard a U.S. Naval submarine. LED produced a 47% reduction in pain of children suffering from oral mucositis. CONCLUSION: We believe that the use of NASA LED for light therapy alone, and in conjunction with hyperbaric oxygen, will greatly enhance the natural wound healing process, and more quickly return the patient to a preinjury/illness level of activity. This work is supported and managed through the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center-SBIR Program.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Sexual contact with clients: assessment of social workers' attitudes and educational preparation.

The purpose of this study was to assess social work students' attitudes about sexual contact with clients and their perceptions about their training and education in this area. The sample included 349 social work students in their final semester of an MSW program. There were relatively high levels of approval for sexual contact between social workers and clients in certain circumstances. Approval was not limited to circumstances in which professional relationships were terminated, were brief, or had involved only concrete services. Students with less social work experience and who thought class content on sexual ethics was inadequate were more likely to approve of sexual contact between social worker and client. Students did not feel that they had received adequate education or training on sexual ethics, and many felt unprepared to handle sexual feelings from or toward a client. Implications for education, training, and practice, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Nuclear entry of the Drosophila melanogaster nuclear lamina protein YA correlates with developmentally regulated changes in its phosphorylation state.

The Drosophila melanogaster YA protein is a maternally provided nuclear lamina component that is essential during the transition from meiosis to mitosis at the beginning of embryogenesis. Localization of YA to the nuclear envelope is required for its function; this localization is cell cycle-dependent during embryogenesis. Here we show that the ability of YA to enter nuclei is modulated during development. In developing egg chambers, YA protein is made but excluded from nuclei of nurse cells and oocytes; upon egg activation, YA acquires the ability to enter nuclei and becomes incorporated into the nuclear lamina in unfertilized eggs and embryos. This localization switch correlates with changes in the phosphorylation state of YA. YA in ovaries is hyperphosphorylated relative to YA in unfertilized eggs and embryos. Through site-directed mutagenesis, we identified 443T, a potential phosphorylation site for both cyclin-dependent protein kinase and mitogen-activated-protein kinase, as one of the sites likely involved in this developmental control. Our results suggest that phosphorylation plays a role in modulating the localization of YA during development. A model for developmental regulation of the nuclear entry of YA is proposed and implications for understanding Drosophila egg activation are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Enhanced intestinal lymph formation during fat absorption: the importance of triglyceride hydrolysis.

The effect of intraduodenal administration of fats was studied in the rat to define the mechanisms responsible for the substantial increase in intestinal lymph flow and protein transport which follows fat ingestion. Triglyceride in the intestinal lumen, protected from hydrolysis, does not appear to enhance intestinal lymph production. Giving both long- and medium-chain fatty acids, however, causes intestinal lymph flow and protein transport to increase in a manner similar to that found after giving triglyceride which is allowed to undergo hydrolysis. Bile by itself does not seem to be responsible for the phenomenon.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The effect of glucagon on intestinal lymph flow in rats.

Intravenous injection of a bolus of 5 microgram of glucagon to rats with an intestinal lymph fistula produces a marked, transient rise in lymph flow and protein output from the fistula. The effect is presumably the result of brief enhancement of splanchnic blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Intestinal lymph flow and lymphatic transport of protein during fat absorption.

A substantial increase in intestinal lymph flow and protein content follows fat ingestion. The effect of intraduodenal feeding of fats was studied in the rat to define the mechanisms responsible. The change appears to be largely independent of the route of fat absorption, that is, whether by the portal venous route or, alternatively, by the lymphatic route. It must be presumed that it is related to events unconnected with the route taken by absorbed fat leaving the intestinal cell.

Animals↗