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Biomedical subjects

S Ganatra

Publications and source records attributed to S Ganatra.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Histology near periodontitis osteoclasts.

Histologic evaluation of periodontal tissues generally has included only areas adjacent to the gingival crevice, without knowledge or quantitation of alveolar crest osteoclastic (periodontitis) activity and infiltrate. The purpose of this study was to use human autopsy material to quantitate collagen and cell types adjacent to presumed periodontitis activity and quiescence, each in the same individual. Thirteen subjects contributed 4 sites each, 2 exhibiting alveolar crest periosteal osteoclasts in resorption lacunae/periodontitis activity (OC/PA) and 2 with no osteoclasts or resorption lacunae/ periodontal quiescence (NOC/PQ). Tissue and cell morphotypes were quantitated by 2 evaluators at 100 intersects in 0.06 mm2 fields progressing from the alveolar crest toward the gingival crevice. Cell morphotypes/tissue components were compared between groups and fields using a general linear model with repeated measures. OC/PA fields adjacent to the alveolar crest contained significantly more intersects with macrophage-like cells (10.7+/-1.1 versus 5.3+/-0.6%, P=0.0003), lymphocytes (4.6+/-1.1 versus 0.7+/-0.2%, P=0.0013), plasma cells (13.3+/-2.7 versus 2.1+/-0.6%, P=0.0004), and less with collagen (48.9+/-3.5 versus 75.0+/-2.0%, P=0.0001) than NOC/PQ fields. Numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells increased (P=0.0006 and P=0.0002, respectively), and fibroblasts and collagen decreased (P=0.0024 and P=0.0001, respectively) in fields up to 1 mm closer to the gingival crevice. However, apparent osteoclastic activity in periodontitis subjects is associated with a significant inflammatory cell infiltrate, especially macrophages and plasma cells.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1989

Studies on calcium absorption from milk using a double-label stable isotope technique.

Calcium absorption was measured in ten male volunteers from skimmed milk, Ca-enriched skimmed milk or watercress (Nasturtium officinale) soup. The foods were labelled extrinsically with 30 mg 44Ca. Shortly after consuming the labelled meal, each subject was given an intravenous injection of 3 mg 42Ca. Fractional absorption from the oral dose was determined from plasma and urine samples collected 24-72 h later, using fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry to measure isotope ratios. The values for urine and plasma were in good agreement. Mean percentage absorption was 45.5 (SEM 1.9)% from the skimmed milk, 35.7 (SEM 4.7)% from the Ca-enriched milk and 27.4 (SEM 1.9)% from the watercress soup. The effect of consuming 568 ml (1 pint) Ca-enriched milk each day for 4 weeks on the efficiency of absorption of Ca was studied. Although there was no statistically significant difference between Ca absorption before and after the supplementation period, the results were considered to be somewhat inconclusive due to the small number of subjects and wide individual variation in Ca absorption.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

Human fertilization by micro-injection of immotile spermatozoa.

Microfertilization of human oocytes with spermatozoa from a man with immotile cilia syndrome is reported, confirming a preliminary investigation where a zona-free donor oocyte was fertilized with spermatozoa from the same patient. Oocytes from his spouse were obtained by laparoscopy after routine stimulation with clomiphene citrate, human menopausal and chorionic gonadotrophins, and were cultured for 4-6 h in Whittingham's T6 medium, supplemented with 10% of her serum. The spermatozoa were washed and processed in the same medium and capacitated for 6-8 h before micromanipulation. Three of five mature oocytes were fertilized by micro-injection of a single immotile spermatozoon into the perivitelline space. One oocyte produced a two-pronuclear ovum assessed 19 h after injection, while the other two produced 2-cell embryos with blastomeres of equal size, 22 h after injection. These embryos cleaved to 3-8-cell stages in culture before embryo replacement. No pregnancy resulted from embryo transfer. The results conclusively demonstrate that human oocytes can be fertilized successfully with immotile spermatozoa by micro-injection and the work has profound implications in the treatment of severe male infertility.

Adult↗