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Biomedical subjects

S García-Tornel

Publications and source records attributed to S García-Tornel.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Antioxidant status in anorexia nervosa.

OBJECTIVE: The study of the antioxidant status in female adolescents (N = 82) with anorexia nervosa, by the measurement of erythrocyte tocopherol concentration, and the determination of activities of the main antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. METHOD: Tocopherol was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detection, and antioxidant enzyme activities by spectrometric methods using a Cobas Fara automated centrifugal analyzer. RESULTS: Tocopherol was significantly decreased in the anorexic patients compared to reference values (p < .02). In 21% of patients, tocopherol levels were below the reference interval. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased (p < .0001), while catalase activity was increased (p < .0001). The activity of the glutathione system enzymes did not show significant differences between patients and controls. DISCUSSION: The deficient concentration of erythrocyte tocopherol together with the altered antioxidant enzyme activities suggest a certain degree of oxidative damage in anorexia nervosa owing to both factors deficient micronutrient intake and oxidative stress.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Analytic preoperative control and serum alaninaminotransferase (ALT) activity].

A standard model of analytical preoperative profile does not exist, so we decided to perform a wide profile. In this revision, we studied the utility of determining serum ALT activity in analytical preoperative controls, searching for the causes of its elevation in pediatric patients who would undergo minor surgery. Of the 3,750 patients analysed, 1.57% showed elevated serum ALT activity. Searching for the main cause, we found the following groups: I) patients with diseases unrelated to the surgical procedures that cause elevated serum activity; II) patients on pharmacological treatments which may produce transitory elevations of serum ALT activity, and III) patients with elevated serum ALT activity that has no evident clinical or pharmacological cause. The high incidence of patients with this abnormality justified the inclusion of serum ALT activity in the profile. We conclude that: a) the reasons for this elevation should be investigated, b) pediatricians should consider postponing surgery, and c) resumption of normal serum ALT activity should be monitored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Meningitis in pediatrics. Clinical and epidemiological study of 173 cases].

BACKGROUND: To know the incidence, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and resistance level to antibiotics in pediatric meningitis. METHODS: 173 cases of meningitis (bacterial: 69, viral: 104) have been prospectively followed during 1988 according to a previously established clinical and laboratory protocol. RESULTS: Meningitis attack rate was 60 cases/100,000 children younger than 15 years per year (meningococcal: 25/100,000, Haemophilus: 2/100,000). Mortality was 1.4%. 40% of bacterial meningitis received previous antibiotic treatment. Sensitivity of culture, Gram stain, and direct antigen detection by latex and EIA was 79%, 61.7%, 20.5% and 34%, respectively. Bacterial and viral differential diagnosis, by the application of Boyer's score was 95% sensitive and 98% specific. Four out of six cases of Haemophilus meningitis were ampicillin and chloramphenicol resistant; 39% of meningococcus had their penicillin susceptibility decreased between 2 and 8 times, although no therapeutic failures were seen. CONCLUSIONS: Laboratory parameters might not separate bacterial and viral meningitis at early stages of illness. Gram stain is an excellent and sensitive method of bacterial detection in CSF. Moderate resistance to penicillin in meningococcus is very frequent but clinical failures are not yet present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Multiply resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b causing meningitis: comparative clinical and laboratory study.

Thirty-five patients with meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b were admitted to our hospital from January 1981 to December 1984; 60% of the strains were resistant to ampicillin, 65.7% to chloramphenicol, and 57% to both antibiotics. No significant differences in age, sex, previous treatment, clinical symptoms, outcome, and mortality were found between the 20 patients whose strains were resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol and the other 15 patients whose strains were susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, or both. Alternative therapeutic agents were a combination of carbenicillin and gentamicin and new cephalosporins. At present, cefotaxime is our treatment of choice for meningitis caused by H. influenzae type b.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1982

[Therapeutic errors and dose measuring devices].

In order to investigate the possibilities of therapeutical error in syrups administration, authors have measured the capacity of 158 home spoons (x +/- SD). They classified spoons in four groups: group I (table spoons), 49 units (11.65 +/- 2.10 cc); group II (tea spoons), 41 units (4.70+/-1.04 cc); group III (coffee spoons), 41 units (2.60 +/- 0.59 cc), and group IV (miscellaneous), 27 units. They have compared the first three groups with theoreticals values of 15, 5 and 2.5 cc, respectively, ensuring, in the first group, significant statistical differences. In this way, they analyzed information that paediatricians receive from "vademecums", which they usually consult and have studied two points: If syrup has a meter or not, and if it indicates drug concentration or not. Only a 18% of the syrups have a meter and about 88% of the drugs indicate their concentration (mg/cc). They conclude that to prevent errors of dosage, the pharmacological industry must include meters in their products. If they haven't the safest thing is to use syringes.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

[Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (author's transl)].

Authors report a new case of cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita. This disease has been preferably described by dermatologists and few issues in the pediatrics literature have been published. This is a rare illness recognizable at birth which must be knowed by pediatricians to establish the diagnosis and prognosis in the beginning. A new case with typical features is presented being of localized distribution and having as associated abnormalities. Hemiatrophy, enlarged inferior extremity without Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome and physical growth retardation.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Ventilator modifications for intermittent mandatory ventilation.

A Loosko MK2 ventilator has been modified to provide IMV in newborns. IMV rate can be varied from 3-60/min. The minimum inspiration period can be theoretically as low as 0.1 sec. This modification in neonatal mechanical ventilation has been shown to be economically feasible.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intoxication by diphenoxylate (author's transl)].

Two cases of intoxication by diphenoxylate, inespecific antidiarrheal, depressor of the intestinal motility, are presented. Diphenoxylate is chemically related with meperidine. One case was caused by hipersensitivity and the other one by overdose. Both had a favourable outcome. Existent bibliography was reviewed and clinical signs of this intoxication pointed-out. It is suggested that diphenoxylate should not be prescribed to children under thirty months.

Child, Preschool↗