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Biomedical subjects

S Gaucher

Publications and source records attributed to S Gaucher.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[CT and MRI aspects of 28 patients with cerebral radiation necrosis irradiated for ORL tumors: correlation with the radiation technique].

PURPOSE: To describe and correlate with radiation therapy the occurrence of cerebral radiation necrosis in patients irradiated for nasopharyngeal or ethmoidal tumor. Materials and Methods. From 1986 to 1998, 1 201 patients, 981 with nasopharyngeal tumors, and 220 with ethmoidal tumors were treated by radiotherapy. Twenty eight developed cerebral necrosis. MRI were performed in all patients and CT in 18 patients. Diagnosis was considered at imaging, and confirmed by follow-up. RESULTS: The incidence of cerebral radionecrosis was 2.33%. The time interval between treatment and necrosis ranged from 2 months to 9 years. CT showed edema and/or focal enhancement in all cases except for 4 patients with normal CT examinations. MRI showed edema and/or abnormal focal punctate or gyriform enhancement in all patients. Lesions were localized in the temporal lobe (n=18), frontal lobe (n=9), pons (n=3) and optic nerve (n=2). The doses related to the areas of necrosis ranged from 13 to 135Gy. In 2 cases necrosis was situated at the boundaries of the radiation field. Imaging follow-up showed complete (n=3) or incomplete remission (n=1), lesion progression (n=11), cerebral atrophy (n=5) and stability (n=7). CONCLUSION: MRI is useful to diagnose cerebral necrosis. New technologies may reduce the incidence of this complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Hip dislocation. Organization of screening and follow-up].

Early detection and low-risk treatment are the two main objectives of the management of developmental dislocation of the hip. The best way to evaluate neonatal hips is to perform clinical and ultrasound examinations at the same time, and to confront their results. Early diagnosis allows to restrict treatment to infants with neonatal dislocation who do not improve by 4 weeks of age. On the other hand, neonates with reductible dislocated hips must be treated at birth and followed at the joint consultation. Early diagnosis and management must not decrease later efforts to detect dislocated hip until walking age.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1999

The usefulness of a minimal urodynamic evaluation and pelvic floor biofeedback in children with chronic voiding dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: To report our experience of assessing children with chronic voiding dysfunction (>6 months' duration) using a minimal urodynamic evaluation, and the management of detrusor-sphincter dyscoordination (DSdc) using pelvic floor biofeedback. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1994 to 1997, 120 children (mean age 7.5 years) with three predominant and associated symptoms were referred to one urologist; they had nocturnal enuresis (28 children), urge incontinence (42) or urinary tract infection (50). All patients were assessed by urinary culture, renal ultrasonography and a minimal urodynamic evaluation, i.e. urinary flowmetry with sphincter electromyography (EMG) using perineal surface electrodes. If they had urinary tract infection and/or renal dilatation, they underwent voiding cysto-urethrography. In children with DSdc, urinary training with frequent voiding was instituted initially, with subsequent pelvic floor biofeedback exercises if the improvement was deemed unsatisfactory. RESULTS: DSdc was diagnosed in 33 children (28%), none of whom had isolated nocturnal enuresis. Pelvic floor biofeedback was undertaken by 15 children (12 girls and three boys); it was well accepted because it was administered as a computer game. In all affected patients the DSdc resolved on EMG and there was a significant clinical improvement. Vesico-ureteric reflux was detected in 24 patients, associated with DSdc in 10. The reflux resolved spontaneously on antibiotic prophylaxis in six children and after urinary re-education in four. CONCLUSION: A minimal urodynamic evaluation seems to be useful in the diagnosis of DSdc which caused urinary tract infection and/or bladder overactivity. The results with pelvic floor biofeedback were excellent in these children.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in mitral and tricuspid blood flow as a function of aging. Value of a combined study with Doppler echocardiography].

The many factors, especially physiological, which influence mitral diastolic flow and the difficulties in interpretation motivated this study of age related changes of blood flow through the two atrioventricular orifices, taking tricuspid flow as the reference for evaluation of any change in mitral flow. Doppler echocardiographic studies were performed in 45 normal subjects who were divided into 3 groups according to age. The amplitude, duration and velocity time integrals (VTI) of the E and A waves were studied at the level of the valve rings and at the tips of the leaflets. Ventricular isovolumic relaxation periods were measured. The following age-related changes were observed at both atrioventricular valve orifices: increased amplitude and VTI of the A waves; decreased amplitude and VTI of the E waves, leading to a decrease or inversion of the ratios of the E/A wave amplitudes and VTI. No significant differences in the duration of the E and A waves were detected. An increase in the left ventricular isovolumic relaxation period was observed. Differences were also recorded according to the site of the Doppler sample volume: increased amplitude, duration and VTI of the E and A waves when the flow was recorded at the tips of the valve leaflets. This underlines the value of using the E wave VTI/total VTI ratio which was unaffected by the sample volume position. An age-related decrease in this ratio was demonstrated at both atrioventricular valve orifices.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗