Fatal West Nile virus encephalitis following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
S Grubbs
Publications and source records attributed to S Grubbs.
Phase II: trial of twice weekly amifostine in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.
Twenty-four patients with non-small cell lung cancer received induction chemotherapy (paclitaxel, carboplatin) followed by concurrent thoracic irradiation (RT) and weekly paclitaxel. Acute esophagitis was scored weekly. Amifostine (AMI), 500 mg intravenously twice weekly, was added to the regimen in the second cohort of 12 patients. AMI was well tolerated. The incidence of grade 3 esophagitis was 18% in the initial 11 patients versus 9% in the AMI-treated patients. Mean esophagitis index (EI) was numerically lower in the AMI-treated patients than in the initial group (5.1 v 11.6, P =.14). The length of esophagus in the RT field was similar in both groups. Median survival time for all patients was 12.4 months. The EI, a novel measure of the severity and duration of acute esophagitis, may be reduced in lung cancer patients receiving AMI twice weekly with thoracic RT and paclitaxel. The effect of AMI was not caused by the shorter irradiated esophageal length. A phase III randomized trial is now open to assess the effect of AMI on esophagitis.
Acute Disease↗
Preliminary report on reduction of esophagitis by amifostine in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.
Esophagitis is a major toxicity of chemoradiotherapy for lung cancer. Twenty-four patients with non-small-cell lung cancer received induction chemotherapy (paclitaxel/carboplatin) followed by concurrent thoracic irradiation (RT) and weekly paclitaxel. Acute esophagitis was scored weekly. Since a high rate of grade 3 esophagitis was noted in the initial group of 12 patients, amifostine (AMI) 500 mg intravenously twice weekly was added to the regimen in the subsequent 12 patients. Esophagitis Index (EI) was calculated as an area under the curve reflecting esophagitis grade over time. Median number of AMI doses was 12 per patient. AMI was well tolerated. Two patients were not evaluable for esophagitis. The incidence of grade 3 esophagitis was 18% in the initial 11 patients versus 9% in the AMI-treated patients (P = not significant). Mean EI was numerically lower in the AMI-treated patients than in the initial group (5.1 vs. 11.6, P = 0.14). The product of RT dose and length of esophagus in the RT field was larger in the AMI group (934 vs. 761, P = 0.035). Median survival time for all patients was 12.4 months. Esophagitis Index, a novel measure of the severity and duration of acute esophagitis, may be reduced in lung cancer patients receiving twice-weekly AMI with thoracic RT and paclitaxel. Twice weekly AMI did not eliminate grade 3 esophagitis; therefore, dose escalation of AMI is planned. The effect of AMI was not due to the shorter irradiated esophageal length. A phase III randomized trial is now open to assess AMI's effect on esophagitis.
Journal Article↗
Self-efficacy in normal adolescents.
This descriptive study, one component of the Carolina Adolescent Health Project (CAHP), measured self-efficacy in a voluntary sample of 432 normal freshmen and sophomore urban high school students. Using Coppel's Self-Efficacy Scale (SES), which is based on Bandura's conceptualization of self-efficacy, the research also examined the effect of gender, race, socioeconomic status, and self-reported religiosity on self-efficacy. The teenagers in this sample had a moderately high degree of self-efficacy with a mean SES score of 45.37 (SES range = 13-65). A series of t tests and one-way and two-way analyses of variance indicated no significant difference in SES scores by race, gender, socioeconomic status, or religiosity. Findings did not support the investigators' original expectation that these demographic and psychosocial variables would affect self-efficacy. The study provides normative data for future comparative studies using the SES.
Adolescent↗
The prediction of the impedance of the thorax to defibrillating current.
In this paper a technique for predicting thoracic impedance to defibrillator pulses is described. The impedance to low-current (1.0 mA) high-frequency (10-500kHz) sinusoidal current is used as an indicator of the impedance of the thorax to high-current, damped sinusoidal waveform pulses. Results from 71 dogs to which defibrillator shocks of 4 to 220 A peak current were applied show that thoracic impedance can be predicted by this method. This information indicates that it is possible to design a defibrillator that can automatically measure chest impedance prior to a defibrillation shock and deliver a predetermined peak current to the subject.
Animals↗