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Biomedical subjects

S Gu

Publications and source records attributed to S Gu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Establishment of hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies to HIV-gp41 and HCV-NS3].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the monoclonal antibodies of HIV and HCV for developing serological diagnostic method. METHODS: The antigens of HIV gp41 and HCV NS3 expressed from bacteria were mixed to immunize BALB/c mice. The hybridoma cell lines were obtained by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from immunized mice. RESULTS: Four hybridoma cell lines secreting specific antibodies against gp41 of HIV and six hybridoma cell lines secreting antibodies to NS3 of HCV were obtained. ELISA sandwich method for detection of viral antigens with McAbs was developed. CONCLUSION: A quick and convenient method for obtaining McAbs was developed using mixture of different antigens for immunizition of mice. The monoclonal antibodies had high senusitivity and were stably secreted by hybridoma cell lines. This technique is worthy to be popularized.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Effects of levonorgestrel-releasing subdermal contraceptive implants on bone density and bone metabolism.

A prospective, randomized clinical trial observed the effects of Norplant long-term contraceptive implants and domestic implants similar to Norplant on bone mineral density and bone metabolism in female acceptors for 1 year. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of lumbar 2-4 and proximal femur of 61 normal women of child-bearing age were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) before and 12 months after implants insertion in both groups. BMD and BMC of lumbar 2-4 in both groups 12 months after implant insertion significantly increased (p < 0.01); with an average increase of 2.40% and 3.34%, respectively in the Norplant implant group, and 2.75% and 4.47%, respectively in the domestic implant group. Urine hydroxyproline and creatinine ratio (Hop/Cr) in the domestic implant group significantly decreased (p < 0.01). There was no significant differences in the effects on BMD and BMC of lumbar spine and femur and on bone metabolism between the two groups of contraceptive implants (p > 0.05). Levonorgestrel releasing contraceptive subdermal implants were not deleterious to the skeleton in women of child-bearing age. There was no significant effect on achieving maximum bone mass in young women.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

CUL-2 is required for the G1-to-S-phase transition and mitotic chromosome condensation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The human cullin protein CUL-2 functions in a ubiquitin-ligase complex with the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumour suppressor protein. Here we show that, in Caenorhabditis elegans, cul-2 is expressed in proliferating cells and is required at two distinct points in the cell cycle, the G1-to-S-phase transition and mitosis. cul-2 mutant germ cells undergo a G1-phase arrest that correlates with accumulation of CKI-1, a member of the CIP/KIP family of cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitors. In cul-2 mutant embryos, mitotic chromosomes are unable to condense, leading to unequal DNA segregation, chromosome bridging and the formation of multiple nuclei.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Inhibition of intimal lipid deposition in human apolipoprotein A1 transgenic mice.

1. Southern blot confirmed the emergence of the human apolipoprotein A1 (h-apoA1) gene (four to 15 copies) in newborn transgenic mice. The inheritance pattern of h-apoA1 transgene in three generations of progeny was compatible with a single autosomal integration site. 2. Northern blot showed h-apoA1 mRNA expressed mainly in liver, kidney and aorta. The total plasma apoA1 (murine plus human) level was significantly increased to 58 and 118 in transgenic mice without or under zinc induction, respectively. The majority was h-apoA1. Plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity was positively correlated with h-apoA1 levels in transgenic mice (r = 0.43; P < 0.01). 3. After a high cholesterol intake for 14 weeks, the incidence of fatty streak at the aortic sinus was 40% in transgenic mice and 80% in controls. Expression of platelet-derived growth factor-B, c-myc and c-fos proteins was much weaker in smooth muscle cells at the aortic sinus in transgenic mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Genotyping of HCV isolates from different populations in Shanghai by using second generation line probe assay].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution and frequency of various genotypes in different populations in Shanghai. METHODS: 109 HCV isolates by using RT-nested PCR including 81 from patients with hepatitis C (PHCs), 7 from blood donors (BDs) and 21 from intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs) were genotyped by using recently improved second generation line probe assay (INNO-LIPA HCV II innogenetics N.V.Belgium). RESULTS: Among 81 HCV isolates from PHCs, there were 71 (87.6%) genotype 1b, 4(4.9%)2a, 2(2.5%)3b, 1(1.2%)6a, 2(2.5%) mixed genotypes (1 for 2a or 2c + 2b + 1, 1 for 1b + 6a) and 1 (1.2%) undeterminable respectively, and among 7 from BDs, there were 5 1b and 2 genotype 2a. But among 21 from IVDAs, there were 8(38.1%) genotype 1a, 5(23.8%)1b, 2(9.5%)2a or 2c, 2(9.5%)3a, 1(4.8%) 3b and 3(14.3%) mixed genotypes (1 for 1a + 2a or 2c, 1 for 1b + 2a or 2c + 6a and 1 for 1a + 1b + 3b) respectively. CONCLUSION: (1) 7 HCV subtypes (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b and 6a) belonging to 4 HCV genotypes (1, 2, 3, 6) were present in different populations in Shanghai. Of them, 2b, 3a, 3b and 6a were first found. (2) HCV genotype 1b was most commonly found in PHCs and BDs. 1a and 3a were only found in IVDAs. (3) The fact that more HCV subtypes were found in IVDAs in this city.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa locus RP28 maps between D2S1337 and D2S286 on chromosome 2p11-p15 in an Indian family.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterised by night blindness, constriction of visual field, and dystrophic changes of the retina. Previous genetic studies have shown extensive allelic and non-allelic genetic heterogeneity of RP. Here we describe an Indian family with multiple consanguineous marriages and a total of four patients with autosomal recessive (AR) RP. The homozygosity mapping strategy was successfully used and indicated close linkage between the disease locus and D2S380, D2S441, D2S291, and D2S1394 with maximum lod scores between 1.51-3.07 at theta=0.00. The analysis of multiply informative meioses maps the locus (RP28) for ARRP in this family between D1S1337 and D2S286 on 2p11-p15. The involvement of visinin (VSNL1), a promising candidate gene assigned to chromosome 2p by previous studies, has been excluded by the absence of linkage.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1999

[Relationship between serum fibrosis markers and fibrosis quantitative analysis of liver tissue].

OBJECTIVE: To study relation of serum fibrosis markers with quantitative analysis of liver tissue. METHODS: We studied the area of reticular fibrin, collagen fibrin and elasticity fibrin in 77 patients with chronic liver disease using color image analysis system. RESULTS: From S0 to S4, the area of three kinds of liver fibrosis were all escalate, especially collagen fibrosis. Prominent differences existed between S3 and S2, S2 and S1, S1 and S0. There was a good correlation between the serum fibrosis markers and area of collagen fibrosis of liver tissue, r = 0.70775(HA), 0.59402(CIV), 0.52593(LN), 0.52198 (hPCIII). CONCLUSIONS: Serum fibrosis markers have affirmative value to help diagnose liver fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical experience with 7 years of norplant].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy, safety of Norplant implants used by Chinese women. METHOD: In a prospective, multicenter clinical trial, 10,718 women receiving Norplant implants were monitored annually through 5 years and part of women continuously used the implants up to 7 years. RESULTS: The five-year pregnancy rate was 0.63/100 users. 7,554 women completed 5 years, 3,622 women completed 6 years and 2,433 women completed 7 years. The annual pregnancy rates were 0.40/100 users in both year 6 and year 7. The pregnancy rates increased with weight (P < 0.05) and decreased with age. The menstrual disturbances were common, also the main reason for discontinuation. Headache, dizziness and weight gain led to termination more frequently than did other adverse events apart from menstrual disturbances. The 5-year continuation rate was 72.1/100 users. Among aged > 30 and weight < 60 kg, the implants may be used for 7 years. CONCLUSION: It's proved that the Norplant implants is a highly effective, long acting, safe, simple and reversible contraceptive method, and it is acceptable in Chinese women.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical and experimental study on treatment of retention enema for chronic non-specific ulcerative colitis with quick-acting kuijie powder].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect and mechanism of retention enema with quick-acting Kuijie powder (QAKJP) in treating chronic non-specific ulcerative colitis (CUC). METHODS: A treatment group of 156 patients treated with QAKJP and a control group of 78 patients treated with sulfasalazine orally were established randomly and their scores of main symptoms and signs were measured and compared before and after treatment. Animal experiments were conducted at the same time. RESULTS: The total effective rate in the treatment and the control group was 98.7% and 70.5% respectively, the clinical cure rate was 78.2% and 6.4% and the recurrence rate was 5.3% and 20.0% respectively. The effect of the treatment group was markedly superior to that of the control group, P < 0.01. Experimental study showed QAKJP could rapidly alleviate the congestion and edema of intestinal mucosa, promote the healing of ulcer, inhibit spasm of colon and had significant antidiarrheal action and antagonist effect against allergic mediator histamine. CONCLUSION: Retention enema with QAKJP has good effect on CUC, low recurrence rate and no toxic and side effect.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1999

[Methodology of DNA fingerprinting and its application in identification of M. tuberculosis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore methodology of DNA fingerprinting technique and its application in identification of strains of M. tuberculosis. METHODS: This research was based on different copy numbers and location of chromosome DNA IS6110 in M. tuberculosis genome. After DNA of M. tuberculosis were cut by endonuclease PvuII, the products were transferred to nylon membrane, then detected and hybridized by enhanced chemiluminescent (ECL) labeling techniques. RESULTS: Fifty clinical isolates from different TB patients had unidentical DNA fingerprinting patterns. DNA fingerprinting patterns showed a great difference from sputum and pus specimens of the same patient. H(37) R(v) ofloxacin resistant and sensitive strains had an identical DNA fingerprinting pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of M. tuberculosis strains is feasible by DNA fingerprinting technique.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed1999

[Inhibitory effects of recombinant human neurotrophin-4/5 protein on neurotoxicity caused by arsenic trioxide].

OBJECTIVE: To study preliminarily the inhibitory effects of recombinant human neurotrophin (hNT)-4/5 protein on neurotoxicity caused by arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)). METHODS: Nerve cells of the chicken embryonic forebrain and PC12 cells were co-cultured with recombinant hNT-4/5 protein and As(2)O(3) (0 - 16 micromol/L) for 24 and 48 hours, respectively, to observe the survival of nerve cells and the outgrowth of PC12 cells, with clone expression and recombination techniques. RESULTS: There was significant difference in survival rate of nerve cells between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.01) after co-culture for 48 hours, and survival rate and number of neuron outgrowth increased with the concentration of hNT-4/5 protein. CONCLUSION: Recombinant hNT-4/5 protein could inhibit neurotoxicity caused by As(2)O(3), which provided a basis to find an anti-toxic factor in the environment by genetic engineering.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Optimization of productivity of Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen in baculovirus infected insect cells].

OBJECTIVE: To probe factors influencing the expression level of in insect cells. METHODS: Insect cells at different growth phases and in different culture media were infected with recombinant baculovirus carrying EBV-MA gene, where the membrane anchor sequence was deleted. The expression level of EBV-MA was detected by immunodots assay and scanner analysis. RESULTS: Cells at the early exponential phase yielded more expressed recombinant EBV-MA than those at the late exponential and stationary phases. Infected cells supplemented with fresh medium at various phases of growth resulted in improved productivity of EBV-MA. Further experiments revealed that replacing fresh medium prior to infection and supplementing a mixture of glucose and glutamine after infection, the productivity could be improved dramatically. Comparing the productivity of EBV-MA expressed in sf9 cells with that in sf21 cells, no obvious difference was found. CONCLUSION: Consumption of nutrients and accumulation of metabolites in cell culture media were the important factors influencing the productivity of EBV-MA in insect cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Preparation of Monodisperse, Micron-Sized Polystyrene Particles with Single-Stage Polymerization in Aqueous Media.

A single-stage polymerization technique, proposed for producing micron-sized polymer particles in aqueous media by Gu and Konno, was examined. Styrene was used for the monomer, potassium persulfate for the initiator, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate were used for the ionic surfactants to control the aggregation of the particles during the reaction. Particle-size distributions and monomer-to-polymer conversions were measured over a range of initiator concentration (2-8 mmol/dm3 H2O), stirring speed (200-400 rpm), surfactant addition time and monomer concentration (1.1-2.2 mol/dm3 H2O). Changes in the initiator concentration and stirring speed did not bring about significant effect on the particle-size distributions. On the other hand, the addition of time affected the coefficient of variation of the particle-size distribution, but it had no significant effect on the average diameter of the particles. An increase in the monomer concentration enlarged the average size without lowering the coefficient of variation of particle-size distribution. Monodisperse polystyrene particles with an average diameter of 3.3 µm and a coefficient of variation of particle size distribution 7% could be prepared with the present technique. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Norplant consensus statement and background review.

This review has highlighted the attributes of a very important new method of contraception. The signatories to this document agree that, with the provision of appropriate information and instruction for the user, Norplant is a good contraceptive choice to be made available worldwide in family planning programs that have the resources for appropriate training and counseling. The signatories to this document are acting in their own personal capacity and not as representatives of any particular organization.

Contraceptive Agents, Female↗
PubMed1998

Financial strain, received support, anticipated support, and depressive symptoms in the People's Republic of China.

The purpose of this study is to examine the interface between financial strain, informal received economic support, informal anticipated financial support, and psychological distress in later life. Data provided by a large probability sample of older adults in the People's Republic of China reveal that the relationship between financial difficulty and psychological distress is stronger for older adults who receive more economic assistance. However, the results involving anticipated support are in the opposite direction. More specifically, the association between financial problems and psychological distress is lower for older adults who believe that others stand ready to help in the future should the need arise. A detailed theoretical rationale is developed to explain these results.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[The effect of expressed human apolipoprotein AI on plasma high density lipoprotein level in transgenic mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study the regulation of human apolipoprotein AI(h-apo AI) gene expression and its role in high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. METHODS: Transgenic C57BL/6 mice established in this laboratory with human apoAI gene containing mouse metallothionein-I(MT-I) promoter were used for investigation. RESULTS: Southern blot identified the presence of 4-15 copies of h-apo AI gene in the transgenic mice. Northern blot showed that human apo AI mRNA was expressed mainly in the liver and kidneys, and the high level of h-apo AI mRNA was obtained in liver, kidneys and small intestine after Zinc(Zn) induction. Total Plasma apoAI Level in transgenic mice was significantly increased than that in the controls, and a high h-apoAI level was detected in the transgenic mice (46% increased after Zn induction). Additionally, total and HDL cholesterol levels were noticed to be highly increased to 47% before and 103% after Zn induction in the transgenic mice comparing to that of the controls. The plasma HDL and h-apoAI levels were significantly correlated (r = 0.85, P < 0.01) in the transgenic mice. CONCLUSION: Apo AI has a profound effect on regulating HDL levels in the transgenic mice. This animal model is considered appropriate for studying the effect of apoAI on lipid metabolism and the mechanism combating atherogenesis.

Animals↗