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Biomedical subjects

S Gullini

Publications and source records attributed to S Gullini.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Long-term cyclic and periodic omeprazole in the prevention of recurrences of duodenal ulcer].

The aim of this study was to establish if the discontinuous assumption of omeprazole was effective to reduce the recurrence of duodenal ulcer disease as the cyclic periodical assumptions of the same drug. Consequently two different posologies, after duodenal ulcer recovery, were compared, both based on omeprazole. In the first trial 20 mg/die were administrated for the first 15 days of every month, for 1 year. In the second, the same dose were administrated for 15 days only when symptoms occurred. It was not utilised a comparison with placebo or other drugs. Symptomatic score and recurrence rate were evaluated by means of EGDS after 6 months and 1 year. In some patients were also controlled the gastrinemia. Both trials were effective in the prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse, without increasing gastrinemia. Nevertheless patients assuming omeprazole only when symptomatic, showed a greater symptomatic score. Concluding, the assumption of omeprazole only when symptoms occur is effective in the prevention of relapse but require a close relation between patients and the medical team.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Misoprostol for the treatment of chronic erosive gastritis: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of misoprostol for the treatment of chronic erosive gastritis and associated symptoms. METHODS: We performed a double-blind controlled trial, administering 200-micrograms misoprostol tablets or placebo twice daily for 2 months to 48 patients with symptomatic chronic erosive gastritis. Symptomatology was assessed by means of a standard questionnaire at the beginning and at the end of the study, as well as endoscopic and histologic changes of the gastric mucosa. RESULTS: At the end of the treatment period, a significant reduction in symptom score was observed in misoprostol-treated (from 86.6 +/- 66.2 to 17.6 +/- 18.2, p < 0.001) but not in placebo-treated patients. Endoscopic score was significantly reduced at the end of the treatment period in the misoprostol group, compared with that of the placebo group (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in the activity of histologic gastritis was observed only in patients on misoprostol. The prevalence of gastric colonization by Helicobacter pylori was rather low (30%), and no effect of treatment was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with symptomatic chronic erosive gastritis seem to profit from treatment with misoprostol: the treatment with misoprostol, but not with placebo, was effective in significantly reducing the extent of symptoms. Such an improvement was associated with a substantial improvement in the endoscopic and histologic appearance of the gastric mucosa.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

Helicobacter pylori infection induces antibodies cross-reacting with human gastric mucosa.

The authors' previous observation that many of the monoclonal antibodies against Helicobacter pylori cross-react with the cells of the human gastric mucosa prompted them to investigate the possibility that gastric self-antigens cross-reacting with H. pylori could be involved in the immune response against this organism. It was found that three antibodies against H. pylori, CB-4, CB-10, and CB-14, that cross-react with the human gastric mucosa also intensely cross-reacted with murine gastric epithelial cells. A strong reaction against autologous mucosa was also evident in the sera of mice immunized with H. pylori but not with other bacteria. A serological study performed in a group of 82 patients undergoing gastroscopy showed that the presence of seropositivity against H. pylori was strongly correlated with the presence of autoantibodies against human antral gastric mucosa. This activity was neutralized after absorption of the sera with H. pylori but not with other gram-negative bacteria. The antibodies in the mouse and in the human did not react with other segments of the gastrointestinal tract or with most of the other organs. Mice bearing hybridomas secreting a cross-reacting antibody (CB-4) had histopathologic abnormalities in their stomachs. These lesions were absent in the stomachs of mice bearing hybridomas secreting a non-cross-reacting antibody (CB-26). It was concluded that H. pylori infection can stimulate antibodies cross-reacting with gastric autoantigens and that this immunologic mechanism may represent a pathogenic link between H. pylori and gastritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Paracentesis: a new needle for an old technique.

The increasing use of paracentesis has prompted us to look into medical devices that might be useful for making the technique quicker and safer. Therefore we have designed a sterile, disposable, painless and safe needle that allows us to perform paracentesis in 30 patients, extracting an average of 6,000 cc of ascitic fluid in about 120 minutes, without any serious complications.

Ascites↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibodies for specific immunoperoxidase detection of Campylobacter pylori.

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against Campylobacter pylori to detect the organism in clinical specimens by the immunoperoxidase technique. Twenty-one hybridoma cultures obtained were screened on tissue sections of gastric mucosa to identify antibodies that did not cross-react with host cells. To select antibodies with high grade of specificity to C. pylori, hybridomas were also screened by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against a wide panel of gram-negative bacteria. Fifteen antibodies showed a variable grade of cross-reactivity with gastric mucosa, indicating the presence of at least three epitopes shared by C. pylori and epithelial cells. Three of the six antibodies non-reacting with gastric mucosa (CB-1, CB-26, and CB-31) also were found to be specific for C. pylori. Using CB-26 in an indirect immunoperoxidase test, gastric brushings from 60 patients consecutively undergoing endoscopic examination were examined. By light microscopy, we observed the presence of large amounts of C. pylori in smears from all the 32 patients with positive culture. A small number of bacterial cells were also seen in 8 of 28 patients whose cultures were negative. These findings suggest that the monoclonal antibody CB-26 might be of value for rapid and specific detection of C. pylori.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Campylobacter pylori colonization and gastroduodenal pathology].

355 patients suffering from dyspepsia with an endoscopic pathological picture were examined. Campylobacter pylori was sought histologically and by culture. Histological and cultural results were compared. There were no bacteria on the gastric mucosa of 46 patients who had no histopathological evidence of lesions. Cultural studies were performed in 40 cases on endoscopic instruments used during the examination, before and after standard sterilization. Campylobacter pylori was found on the gastric mucosa of 224 patients (63.09%); 91.93% with duodenal ulcer; 71.87% with gastric ulcer; 54.23% with erosive duodenitis; 56.71% with erosive gastritis and 54.81% with chronic gastropathy. The agreement between the two techniques was 75.39%, with a male prevalence (p = 0.05). Campylobacter pylori was present on the gastric mucosa of 10.86% of patients without histopathological evidence of lesions. Standard sterilization with alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium eliminated the campylobacter in 100% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of intravenous and intraperivenous injections of sclerosants (sodium tetradecyl sulfate and hydroxy polyethoxy dodecan) on the rat femoral vein.

The sclerosant effect of injected tetradecyl sulfate of sodium (STS) and hydroxy polyethoxy dodecan (HPD) was studied in the rat femoral vein. Intravenous (i.v.) and intravenous plus perivenous (i.v. + p.v.) injections of both sclerosants and physiologic saline were compared as to vein lumen occlusion, fibrosis, phlogosis, and damage to the artery and surrounding nervous and muscular tissues. The study was carried out in 30 rats treated by STS, in 30 treated by HPD, and 15 animals were injected with saline. The neurovascular bundle and adjacent muscle were removed at 48 h, 7 and 30 days and examined histologically. I.v. injections of STS produced a solid occlusion of the vein in a significant number of cases, after 30 days (P less than 0.01). A statistically significant number of solid occlusions of the femoral vein resulted after i.v. + p.v. injection of STS and HPD, at 48 h, 7 and 30 days (P less than 0.05; P less than 0.01). There was no significant difference between STS and HPD after i.v. + p.v. injection. After i.v. + p.v. we recorded a marked inflammation of muscle with signs of focal necrosis, at 48 h and 7 days. Our study indicated that i.v. + p.v. injection of STS and HPD provided a high degree of efficacy as regards vein occlusion. On the other hand, i.v. + p.v. injection induced a severe inflammation and necrosis of the tissues surrounding the sclerosed vein. Extrapolating our results to the endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal variceal bleeding, we conclude that paravariceal injection of sclerosants is a dangerous procedure, even though efficacious to reduce variceal hemorrhage, owing to the high risk of iatrogenic ulcers and esophageal perforation caused by muscular and mucosal necrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Esaprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer: preliminary clinical trial.

The activity and tolerability of esaprazole administered once a day at doses of 900 and 1350 mg/day in the treatment of gastric ulcer were evaluated in a preliminary study carried out in 47 patients. The results failed to show any difference between the two doses in terms of percentage of ulcer healing after 4 weeks (43% and 45% respectively) or 8 weeks (86% and 82%), or in the course of symptoms and signs, which improved rapidly. The safety of esaprazole was good, no modifications of laboratory parameters being observed. Although the study involved only a small number of patients, the findings obtained indicate the potential usefulness of esaprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1986

Electrical hazards in endoscopic services.

Despite the extensive use of endoscopic diagnostic procedures, the proper standards aimed at preventing electrical hazards are generally little known and inadequately observed. Cases of electrical injury ensuing from endoscopic manoeuvres may have gone unreported either to avoid legal consequences, or owing to incorrect identification of the true cause of the injury. The authors describe the most important safety standards dealing with the risks connected with the use of both endoscopic devices and electrosurgical units, and recommend that in the future more attention be paid to identifying and preventing these risks.

Electric Injuries↗